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In this regard, fast and reliable analytical methods are required to allow quick countermeasures in case of contamination. Here, we report the development of a magnetic bead-based immunoassay (MBBA) for the fast and cost-effective determination of the analgesic diclofenac (DCF) in water samples, based on diclofenac-coupled magnetic beads and a robust monoclonal anti-DCF antibody. A novel synthetic strategy for preparation of the beads resulted in an assay that enabled for the determination of diclofenac with a significantly lower limit of detection (400\u00a0ng\/L) than the respective enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). With shorter incubation times and only one manual washing step required, the assay demands for remarkably shorter time to result (&lt;\u200945\u00a0min) and less equipment than ELISA. Evaluation of assay precision and accuracy with a series of spiked water samples yielded results with low to moderate intra- and inter-assay variations and in good agreement with LC\u2013MS\/MS reference analysis. The assay principle can be transferred to other, e.g., microfluidic, formats, as well as applied to other analytes and may replace ELISA as the standard immunochemical method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Graphical abstract<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-021-03778-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]],"date-time":"2021-11-19T21:02:30Z","timestamp":1637355750000},"page":"1563-1573","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["A rapid magnetic bead-based immunoassay for sensitive determination of diclofenac"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"414","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Ecke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanja","family":"Westphalen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Hornung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Voetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudolf J.","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4, Supplement 2","key":"3778_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90083-5","volume":"80","author":"TG Kantor","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kantor TG. Use of diclofenac in analgesia. Am J Med. 1986;80(4, Supplement 2):64\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90083-5.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"3778_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-015-0392-z","volume":"75","author":"R Altman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Altman R, Bosch B, Brune K, Patrignani P, Young C. Advances in NSAID development: evolution of diclofenac products using pharmaceutical technology. Drugs. 2015;75(8):859\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40265-015-0392-z.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"2","key":"3778_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001388","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001388","volume":"10","author":"P McGettigan","year":"2013","unstructured":"McGettigan P, Henry D. Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that elevate cardiovascular risk: an examination of sales and essential medicines lists in low-, middle-, and high-income countries. 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Environ Int. 2014;69:28\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2014.03.021.","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"3778_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2008.07.086","volume":"73","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Gei\u00dfen S-U, Gal C. Carbamazepine and diclofenac: removal in wastewater treatment plants and occurrence in water bodies. Chemosphere. 2008;73(8):1151\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2008.07.086.","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"2","key":"3778_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2004.03.014","volume":"68","author":"J Schwaiger","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schwaiger J, Ferling H, Mallow U, Wintermayr H, Negele RD. Toxic effects of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac: part I: histopathological alterations and bioaccumulation in rainbow trout. 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