{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T05:04:49Z","timestamp":1785128689828,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747267200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012681","name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum K\u00f6ln","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012681","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anal Bioanal Chem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a direct alcohol biomarker which is used in a variety of clinical and forensic contexts. Due to its limited stability in whole blood, PEth is routinely analysed using dried blood spots (DBS). There are many different commercially available sampling systems for DBS, but data on their comparability is scarce. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a LC-MS\/MS method for the quantification of PEth\u00a016:0\/18:1 and PEth\u00a016:0\/18:2 for three different DBS sampling systems: Whatman\u2122 filter paper (903 Protein Saver Cards), Mitra<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> and Capitainer<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>B Vanadate. The transferability of calibration curves and their applicability across these devices should be assessed. The results showed that DBS of all devices could be prepared and analysed using the same procedure. Validation was successful for the devices. The accuracy of QCs was best if quantified using the matching DBS sampling device calibration curve (bias &lt; 15\u00a0%). Higher, but still acceptable, bias values were observed when using a Whatman\u2122 calibration curve to quantify PEth in DBS of the Capitainer<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>B Vanadate system and vice versa. Mitra<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> QCs should only be quantified using device-specific calibration curves, as in all other cases, accuracy exceeded the limit of 15\u00a0%. We recommend analysing samples using device-specific calibrations at all times, as determined PEth concentrations might be crucial for patients and should not be subjected to any avoidable uncertainty.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-025-05897-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T08:35:35Z","timestamp":1747298135000},"page":"3803-3811","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessment and cross-validation of calibration transferability between dried blood spot sampling devices for accurate quantification of phosphatidylethanol"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"417","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4085-2219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Hose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Juebner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Thevis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Andresen-Streichert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"5897_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2018.01.008","volume":"479","author":"O Beck","year":"2018","unstructured":"Beck O, Kenan Mod\u00e9n N, Seferaj S, Lenk G, Helander A. Study of measurement of the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in dried blood spot (DBS) samples and application of a volumetric DBS device. Clinica Chimica Acta. 2018;479:38\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2018.01.008.","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"5897_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.278","volume":"3","author":"A Isaksson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Isaksson A, Walther L, Hansson T, Andersson A, Alling C. Phosphatidylethanol in blood (B-PEth): a marker for alcohol use and abuse. Drug Test Anal. 2011;3(4):195\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.278.","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal"},{"issue":"3","key":"5897_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(87)91507-5","volume":"142","author":"L Gustavsson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Gustavsson L, Alling C. Formation of phosphatidylethanol in rat brain by phospholipase D. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987;142(3):958\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0006-291X(87)91507-5.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"46","key":"5897_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2011.09.068","volume":"1218","author":"A Nalesso","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nalesso A, Viel G, Cecchetto G, Mioni D, Pessa G, Favretto D, Ferrara SD. Quantitative profiling of phosphatidylethanol molecular species in human blood by liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2011;1218(46):8423\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chroma.2011.09.068.","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"issue":"7","key":"5897_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-010-3458-5","volume":"396","author":"H Gnann","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gnann H, Engelmann C, Skopp G, Winkler M, Auw\u00e4rter V, Dresen S, Ferreir\u00f3s N, Wurst FM, Weinmann W. Identification of 48 homologues of phosphatidylethanol in blood by LC-ESI-MS\/MS. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010;396(7):2415\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00216-010-3458-5.","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"5897_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-012-0799-y","volume":"127","author":"A Faller","year":"2013","unstructured":"Faller A, Richter B, Kluge M, Koenig P, Seitz HK, Skopp G. Stability of phosphatidylethanol species in spiked and authentic whole blood and matching dried blood spots. Int J Legal Med. 2013;127(3):603\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-012-0799-y.","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"5897_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkaa082","volume":"45","author":"RB Skr\u00e5stad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Skr\u00e5stad RB, Spigset O, Aamo TO, Andreassen TN. Stability of phosphatidylethanol 16:0\/18:1 in freshly drawn, authentic samples from healthy volunteers. J Anal Toxicol. 2021;45(4):417\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jat\/bkaa082.","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"issue":"22","key":"5897_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5601","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-021-03211-z","volume":"413","author":"O Beck","year":"2021","unstructured":"Beck O, Mellring M, L\u00f6wbeer C, Seferaj S, Helander A. Measurement of the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in dried blood spots and venous blood\u2014importance of inhibition of post-sampling formation from ethanol. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2021;413(22):5601\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00216-021-03211-z.","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"5897_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2910","volume":"13","author":"N Aboutara","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aboutara N, Jungen H, Szewczyk A, Sterneck M, M\u00fcller A, Iwersen-Bergmann S. Analysis of six different homologues of phosphatidylethanol from dried blood spots using liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry. Drug Test Anal. 2021;13(1):140\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.2910.","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal"},{"key":"5897_CR10","unstructured":"Peters F, Hartung M, Herbold M, Schmitt G, Daldrup T, Musshoff F (01.06.2009) Appendix B to the guidelines for quality assurance in forensic toxicological analysis - requirements for the validation of analytical methods. 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Clinica Chimica Acta. 2022;535:157\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2022.08.005.","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta"},{"issue":"10","key":"5897_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3340","volume":"14","author":"M Luginb\u00fchl","year":"2022","unstructured":"Luginb\u00fchl M, Wurst FM, St\u00f6th F, Weinmann W, Stove CP, Van Uytfanghe K. Consensus for the use of the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol (PEth) for the assessment of abstinence and alcohol consumption in clinical and forensic practice (2022 Consensus of Basel). Drug Test Anal. 2022;14(10):1800\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.3340.","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal"},{"issue":"1","key":"5897_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3376","volume":"15","author":"N Aboutara","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aboutara N, Jungen H, Szewczyk A, M\u00fcller A, Iwersen-Bergmann S. PEth 16:0\/18:1 and 16:0\/18:2 after consumption of low doses of alcohol\u2014a contribution to cutoff discussion. Drug Test Anal. 2023;15(1):104\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.3376.","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal"},{"issue":"9","key":"5897_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e232","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkac069","volume":"46","author":"F St\u00f6th","year":"2022","unstructured":"St\u00f6th F, Kotzerke E, Thierauf-Emberger A, Weinmann W, Schuldis D. Can PEth be detected with a cutoff of 20 ng\/ml after single alcohol consumption? J Anal Toxicol. 2022;46(9):e232\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jat\/bkac069.","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5897_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmeasuresciau.1c00031","volume":"2","author":"KR Baillargeon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baillargeon KR, Brooks JC, Miljanic PR, Mace CR. Patterned dried blood spot cards for the improved sampling of whole blood. 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Anal Chem. 2014;86(16):8489\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ac5022562.","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"issue":"21","key":"5897_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12893","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.8b03512","volume":"90","author":"S Velghe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Velghe S, Stove CP. Evaluation of the capitainer-B microfluidic device as a new hematocrit-independent alternative for dried blood spot collection. Anal Chem. 2018;90(21):12893\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.8b03512.","journal-title":"Anal Chem"}],"container-title":["Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00216-025-05897-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00216-025-05897-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00216-025-05897-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T06:12:06Z","timestamp":1751609526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00216-025-05897-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["5897"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00216-025-05897-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1618-2642","1618-2650"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1618-2642","type":"print"},{"value":"1618-2650","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 April 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 April 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 May 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Human blood samples were used for method development and validation. All samples were voluntarily donated for these purposes, and informed consent was obtained from all individuals. Our study is in concordance with the recommendations of the Central Ethics Committee of the German Medical Association.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}