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Thermal desorption gas chromatography (TD-GC) is widely used for VOC analysis, often coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) for reliable identification. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has gained attention for its high sensitivity and rapid detection. While GC-IMS and GC-MS are well established, TD-GC coupled to both IMS and MS has not been systematically investigated. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of a TD-GC-MS-IMS system, combining the strengths of both detectors. A mobile flow- and temperature-controlled sampling unit for TD tubes was developed for standardized applications, designed to introduce both gaseous and liquid samples. The long-term stability of TD-GC-IMS was assessed over 16 months with 156 measurement days using ketones. Relative standard deviations for signal intensities ranged from 3% to 13%, retention time deviations from 0.10% to 0.22%, and drift time deviations from 0.49% to 0.51%. Comparative evaluation showed IMS was approximately ten times more sensitive than MS, achieving limits of detections in the picogram\/tube range. In contrast, MS exhibited a broader linear range, maintaining linearity over three orders of magnitude (up to 1000 ng\/tube), while IMS retained linearity for one order of magnitude (e.g., 0.1 to 1 ng\/tube for pentanal) before transitioning into a logarithmic response. To improve IMS quantification, a linearization strategy extended the calibration range from one to two orders of magnitude. These findings establish a standardized TD-GC-MS-IMS framework, improving reproducibility and comparability for clinical, environmental, and industrial VOC analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-025-05933-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T11:19:38Z","timestamp":1748949578000},"page":"4179-4198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Comparison of the quantification performance of thermal desorption GC-IMS and GC-MS in VOC analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"417","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9188-4646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Schanzmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0475-2603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selina","family":"Gaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0613-2305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svenja","family":"Keip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0347-2989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ursula","family":"Telgheder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9367-524X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanie","family":"Sielemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"5933_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7163\/ad1615","author":"H Schanzmann","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schanzmann H, Ruzsanyi V, Ahmad-Nejad P, Telgheder U, Sielemann S. 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