{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T12:17:50Z","timestamp":1763036270947},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,23]],"date-time":"2007-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1193097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Brain Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-007-1174-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,22]],"date-time":"2007-10-22T08:00:15Z","timestamp":1193040015000},"page":"469-483","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Manual stimulation of forearm muscles does not improve recovery of motor function after injury to a mixed peripheral nerve"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Sinis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Guntinas-Lichius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Irintchev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Skouras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Kuerten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. P.","family":"Pavlov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. E.","family":"Schaller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. A.","family":"Dunlop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. N.","family":"Angelov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"1174_CR1","first-page":"36","volume":"11","author":"MD Abramoff","year":"2004","unstructured":"Abramoff MD, Magelhaes PJ, Ram SJ (2004) Image processing with Image. J Biophotonics Int 11:36\u201342","journal-title":"J Biophotonics Int"},{"key":"1174_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2602","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-07-02602.2000","volume":"20","author":"AA Al-Majed","year":"2000","unstructured":"Al-Majed AA, Newmann CM, Brushart TM, Gordon T (2000) Brief electrical stimulation promotes the speed and accuracy of motor axonal regeneration. J Neurosci 20:2602\u20132608","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1174_CR3","first-page":"1","volume":"5","author":"SM Amr","year":"2006","unstructured":"Amr SM, Moharram AN, Abdel-Meguid KM (2006) Augmentation of partially regenerated nerves by end-to-side side-to-side grafting neurotization: experience based on eight late obstetric brachial plexus cases. J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj 5:1\u20136","journal-title":"J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj"},{"key":"1174_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-29931-9_1","volume":"180","author":"DN Angelov","year":"2005","unstructured":"Angelov DN, Guntinas-Lichius O, Wewetzer K, Neiss WF, Streppel M (2005) Axonal branching and recovery of coordinated muscle activity after transection of the facial nerve in adult rats. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol 180:1\u2013130","journal-title":"Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol"},{"key":"1174_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2006.12.016","volume":"26","author":"DN Angelov","year":"2007","unstructured":"Angelov DN, Ceynowa M, Guntinas-Lichius O, Streppel M, Grosheva M, Kiryakova SI, Skouras E, Maegele M, Irintchev AP, Neiss WF, Sinis N, Alvanou A, Dunlop SA (2007) Mechanical stimulation of paralyzed vibrissal muscles following facial nerve injury in adult rat promotes full recovery of whisking. Neurobiol Disease 26:229\u2013242","journal-title":"Neurobiol Disease"},{"key":"1174_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903060410","volume":"306","author":"SJ Archibald","year":"1991","unstructured":"Archibald SJ, Krarup C, Shefner J, Li ST, Madison RD (1991) A collagen based nerve guide conduit for peripheral nerve repair: an electrophysiological study of nerve regeneration in rodents and non-human primates. J Comp Neurol 306:685\u2013696","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4109","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-05-04109.1995","volume":"15","author":"SJ Archibald","year":"1995","unstructured":"Archibald SJ, Shefner J, Krarup C, Madison RD (1995) Monkey median nerve repaired by nerve graft or collagen nerve guide tube. J Neurosci 15:4109\u20134123","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1174_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6327","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-10-06327.1995","volume":"15","author":"JA Barry","year":"1995","unstructured":"Barry JA, Ribchester RR (1995) Persistent polyneuronal innervation in partially denervated rat muscle after reinnervation and recovery from prolonged nerve conduction block. J Neurosci 15:6327\u20136339","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1174_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(94)00169-H","volume":"58","author":"JA Bertelli","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bertelli JA, Mira JC (1995) The grasping test: a simple behavioral method for objective quantitative assessment of peripheral nerve regeneration in the rat. J Neurosci Methods 58:151\u2013155","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"1174_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1080\/0284431051006493","volume":"39","author":"A Bj\u00f6rkman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rkman A, Rosen B, Lundborg G (2005) Anaesthesia of the axillary plexus induces rapid improvement of sensory function in the contralateral hand: an effect of interhemispheric plasticity. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 39:234\u2013237","journal-title":"Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg"},{"key":"1174_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2006.08.017","volume":"203","author":"JE Blanco","year":"2007","unstructured":"Blanco JE, Anderson KD, Steward O (2007) Recovery of forepaw gripping ability and reorganization of cortical motor control following cervical spinal cord injuries in mice. Exp Neurol 203:333\u2013348","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00325030","volume":"85","author":"K Blinzinger","year":"1968","unstructured":"Blinzinger K, Kreutzberg G (1968) Displacement of synaptic terminals from regenerating motoneurons by microglial cells. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 85:145\u2013157","journal-title":"Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat"},{"key":"1174_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1529-8027.2003.03023.x","volume":"8","author":"EN Bontioti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bontioti EN, Kanje M, Dahlin LB (2003) Regeneration and functional recovery in the upper extremity of rats after various types of nerve injuries. J Peripher Nerv Syst 8:159\u2013168","journal-title":"J Peripher Nerv Syst"},{"key":"1174_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1085-9489.2005.10109.x","volume":"10","author":"E Bontioti","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bontioti E, Kanje M, Lundborg G, Dahlin LB (2005) End-to-side nerve repair in the upper extremity of rat. J Peripher Nerv Syst 10:58\u201368","journal-title":"J Peripher Nerv Syst"},{"key":"1174_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210050249","volume":"118","author":"T Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m","year":"1998","unstructured":"Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m T, Kellerth JO (1998) Changes in synaptology of adult cat spinal alpha-motoneurons after axotomy. Exp Brain Res 118:1\u201313","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"1174_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210050653","volume":"125","author":"T Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m","year":"1999","unstructured":"Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m T, Kellerth JO (1999) Recovery of synapses in axotomized adult cat spinal motoneurons after reinnervation into muscle. Exp Brain Res 125:19\u201327","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"1174_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903180408","volume":"318","author":"T Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m","year":"1992","unstructured":"Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m T, Havton L, Kellerth JO (1992a) Changes in size and dendritic arborization patterns of adult cat spinal alpha-motoneurons following permanent axotomy. J Comp Neurol 318:439\u2013451","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903180409","volume":"318","author":"T Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m","year":"1992","unstructured":"Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m T, Havton L, Kellerth JO (1992b) Restorative effects of reinnervation on the size and dendritic arborization patterns of axotomized cat spinal alpha-motoneurons. J Comp Neurol 318:452\u2013461","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(81)90891-X","volume":"210","author":"MC Brown","year":"1981","unstructured":"Brown MC, Holland RL, Hopkins WG, Keynes RJ (1981) An assessment of the spread of the signal for terminal sprouting within and between muscles. Brain Res 210:145\u2013151","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"1174_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3435","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1984.sp015423","volume":"355","author":"A Cangiano","year":"1984","unstructured":"Cangiano A, Magherini PC, Pasino E, Pellegrino M, Risaliti R (1984) Interaction of inactivity and nerve breakdown products in the origin of acute denervation changes in rat skeletal muscle. J Physiol 355:3435\u20133465","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"1174_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(02)00025-8","volume":"111","author":"R Chen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chen R, Cohen LG, Hallett M (2002) Nervous system reorganization following injury. Neuroscience 111:761\u2013773","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"1174_CR22","first-page":"1093","volume":"56","author":"D Choi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Choi D, Raisman G (2005) Disorganization of the facial nucleus after nerve lesioning and regeneration in the rat: effects of transplanting candidate reparative cells to the site of injury. Neurosurgery 56:1093\u20131100","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"1174_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1023\/B:NEUR.0000011332.96472.b2","volume":"32","author":"P Dickens","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dickens P, Hill P, Bennett MR (2003) Schwann cell dynamics with respect to newly formed motor-nerve terminal branches on mature (Bufo marinus) muscle fibers. J Neurocytol 32:381\u2013392","journal-title":"J Neurocytol"},{"key":"1174_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1197\/j.aem.2006.11.008","volume":"14","author":"D Dillon","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dillon D, Gibbs MA, Baby C (2007) Peripheral nerve blocks of the hand. Acad Emerg Med 14:14\u201315","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"1174_CR25","first-page":"147","volume":"135","author":"J D\u00f6rfl","year":"1982","unstructured":"D\u00f6rfl J (1982) The musculature of the mystacial vibrissae of the white mouse. J Anat 135:147\u2013154","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"1174_CR26","first-page":"117","volume":"16","author":"S Dohm","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dohm S, Streppel M, Guntinas-Lichius O, Pesheva P, Probstmeier R, Walther M, Neiss WF, Stennert E, Angelov DN (2000) Local application of extracellular matrix proteins fail top reduce the number of axonal branches after varying reconstructive surgery on rat facial nerve. Restor Neurol Neurosci 16:117\u2013126","journal-title":"Restor Neurol Neurosci"},{"key":"1174_CR27","first-page":"590","volume":"84","author":"CE Dumont","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dumont CE, Alnot JY (1998) Proximal median and ulnar resections. Results of primary and secondary repairs. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 84:590\u2013599","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot"},{"key":"1174_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Evgenieva E, Schweigert P, Guntinas-Lichius O, Grosheva M, Angelova SK, Streppel M, Irintchev A, Skouras E, Sinis N, Dunlop SA, Radeva V, Angelov DN (2007) Mechanical stimulation of tongue muscles diminishes polynnervation of the motor end-plates and improves recovery of function after hypoglossal nerve injury in rats (submitted)","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968308316387"},{"key":"1174_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/4.4.391","volume":"4","author":"SL Florence","year":"1994","unstructured":"Florence SL, Garraghty PE, Wall JT, Kaas JH (1994) Sensory afferent projections and area 3b somatotopy following median nerve cut and repair in macaque monkeys. Cereb Cortex 4:391\u2013407","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"1174_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl372","volume":"130","author":"CM Galtrey","year":"2007","unstructured":"Galtrey CM, Asher RA, Nothias F, Fawcett JW (2007) Promoting plasticity in the spinal cord with chondroitinase improves functional recovery after peripheral nerve repair. Brain 130:926\u2013939","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1174_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1179\/016164104225013806","volume":"26","author":"T Gordon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gordon T, Hegedus J, Tam SL (2004) Adaptive and maladaptive motor axonal sprouting in aging and motoneuron disease. Neurol Res 26:174\u2013185","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"1174_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(83)90188-4","volume":"8","author":"A Gorio","year":"1983","unstructured":"Gorio A, Carmignoto G, Finesso M, Polato P, Nunzi MG (1983) Muscle reinnervation. II. Sprouting, synapse formation and repression. Neuroscience 8:403\u2013416","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"1174_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greene EC (1935) Anatomy of the rat. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, New Series, Volume XXVII, 1935","DOI":"10.2307\/1005513"},{"key":"1174_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.2340\/165019779891926","volume":"21","author":"G Grimby","year":"1989","unstructured":"Grimby G, Einarsson G, Hedberg M, Aniansson A (1989) Muscle adaptive changes in post-polio subjects. Scand J Rehabil Med 21:19\u201326","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"1174_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.1986.tb02764.x","volume":"143","author":"HJ Gundersen","year":"1986","unstructured":"Gundersen HJ (1986) Stereology of arbitrary particles. J Microsc 143:3\u201345","journal-title":"J Microsc"},{"key":"1174_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.2001.7774","volume":"172","author":"O Guntinas-Lichius","year":"2001","unstructured":"Guntinas-Lichius O, Angelov DN, Tomov TL, Dramiga J, Neiss WF, Wewetzer K (2001) Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells stimulates the collateral sprouting from axotomized adult rat facial motoneurons. Exp Neurol 172:70\u201380","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04424.x","volume":"22","author":"O Guntinas-Lichius","year":"2005","unstructured":"Guntinas-Lichius O, Angelov DN, Morellini F, Lenzen M, Skouras E, Schachner M, Irintchev A (2005a) Opposite impacts of tenascin-C and tenascin-R deficiency in mice on the functional outcome of facial nerve repair. Eur J Neurosci 22:2171\u20132179","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"1174_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.03877.x","volume":"21","author":"O Guntinas-Lichius","year":"2005","unstructured":"Guntinas-Lichius O, Irintchev A, Streppel M, Lenzen M, Grosheva M, Wewetzer K, Neiss WF, Angelov DN (2005b) Factors limiting motor recovery after facial nerve transection in the rat: combined structural and functional analyses. Eur J Neurosci 21:391\u2013402","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"1174_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guntinas-Lichius O, Hundeshagen G, Paling T, Streppel M, Grosheva M, Irintchev AP, Skouras A, Alvanou A, Angelova SK, Kuerten S, Sinis N, Dunlop SA, Angelov DN (2007) Manual stimulation of facial muscles improves functional recovery after hypoglossal-facial anastomosis and interpositional nerve grafting of the facial nerve in adult rats. Neurobiol Disease, accepted for press on 02.07.2007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2007.07.006"},{"key":"1174_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.87B10.16700","volume":"87B","author":"S Hall","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hall S (2005) The response to injury in the peripheral nervous system. J Bone Joint Surg 87B:1309\u20131319","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"1174_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2003.99.1.0100","volume":"99","author":"T Hansson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hansson T, Brismar T (2003) Loss of sensory discrimination after median nerve injury and activation in the primary somatosensory cortex on functional magnetic resonance imaging. J Neurosurg 99:100\u2013105","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"1174_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1159\/000147653","volume":"151","author":"M Ito","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ito M, Kudo M (1994) Reinnervation by axon collaterals from single facial motoneurons to multiple targets following axotomy in the adult guinea pig. Acta Anat 151:124\u2013130","journal-title":"Acta Anat"},{"key":"1174_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2005.12.059","volume":"60","author":"EJ Kelly","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kelly EJ, Jacoby C, Terenghi G, Mennen U, Ljungberg C, Wiberg M (2007) End-to-side nerve coaptation: a qualitative and quantitative assessment in the primate. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 60:1\u201312","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"1174_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902320106","volume":"232","author":"BG Klein","year":"1985","unstructured":"Klein BG, Rhoades RW (1985) Representation of whisker follicle intrinsic musculature in the facial motor nucleus of the rat. J Comp Neurol 232:55\u201369","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10054","volume":"51","author":"C Krarup","year":"2002","unstructured":"Krarup C, Archibald SJ, Madison RD (2002) Factors that influence peripheral nerve regeneration: an electrophysiological study of the monkey median nerve. Ann Neurol 51:69\u201381","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.10191","volume":"54","author":"FM Love","year":"2003","unstructured":"Love FM, Son YJ, Thompson WJ (2003) Activity alters muscle reinnervation and terminal sprouting by reducing the number of Schwann cell pathways that grow to link synaptic sites. J Neurobiol 54:566\u2013576","journal-title":"J Neurobiol"},{"key":"1174_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(80)90008-8","volume":"15","author":"AA Lowe","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lowe AA (1981) The neural regulation of tongue movements. Progr Neurobiol 15:295\u2013344","journal-title":"Progr Neurobiol"},{"key":"1174_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1080\/001401399185469","volume":"42","author":"BD Lowe","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lowe BD, Freivalds A (1999) Effect of carpal tunnel syndrome on grip force coordination on hand tools. Ergonomics 42:550\u2013564","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"1174_CR48","volume-title":"Nerve injury and repair","author":"G Lundborg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lundborg G (2005) Nerve injury and repair. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh"},{"key":"1174_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2006.01653.x","volume":"189","author":"G Lundborg","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lundborg G, Rosen B (2007) Hand function after nerve repair. Acta Physiol 189:207\u2013217","journal-title":"Acta Physiol"},{"key":"1174_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1080\/02844310500369920","volume":"39","author":"G Lundborg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lundborg G, Bj\u00f6rkman A, Hansson T, Nylander L, Nyman T, Rosen B (2005) Artificial sensibility of the hand based on cortical audiotactile interaction: a study using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 39:370\u2013372","journal-title":"Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg"},{"key":"1174_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1007073","volume":"1","author":"SE Mackinnon","year":"1985","unstructured":"Mackinnon SE, Dellon AL, Hudson AR, Hunter DA (1985) A primate model for chronic nerve compression. J Reconstr Microsurg 1:185\u2013195","journal-title":"J Reconstr Microsurg"},{"key":"1174_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11007","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-24-11007.1999","volume":"19","author":"RD Madison","year":"1999","unstructured":"Madison RD, Archibald SJ, Lacin R, Krarup C (1999) Factors contributing to preferential motor reinnervation in the primate peripheral nervous system. J Neurosci 19:11007\u201311016","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1174_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.1920100218","volume":"10","author":"P Mailander","year":"1989","unstructured":"Mailander P, Berger A, Schaller E, Ruhe K (1989) Results of primary nerve repair in the upper extremity. Microsurgery 10:147\u2013150","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"key":"1174_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2004.04.010","volume":"188","author":"LT McPhail","year":"2004","unstructured":"McPhail LT, Fernandes KJ, Chan CC, Vanderluit JL, Tetzlaff W (2004) Axonal reinjury reveals the survival and re-expression of regeneration-associated genes in chronically axotomized adult mouse motoneurons. Exp Neurol 188:331\u2013340","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR55","first-page":"185","volume":"53","author":"R Midha","year":"2006","unstructured":"Midha R (2006) Emerging techniques for nerve repair: nerve transfers and nerve guidance tubes. Clin Neurosurg 53:185\u2013190","journal-title":"Clin Neurosurg"},{"key":"1174_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00981944","volume":"124","author":"J Morris","year":"1972","unstructured":"Morris J, Hudson AR, Weddell G (1972) Study of degeneration and regeneration in the divided rat sciatic nerve based on electron microscopy. II. The development of the \u201cregenerating unit\u201d. Z Zellforsch mikrosk Anat 124:103\u2013130","journal-title":"Z Zellforsch mikrosk Anat"},{"key":"1174_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-9602(11)80266-9","volume":"174","author":"WF Neiss","year":"1992","unstructured":"Neiss WF, Guntinas-Lichius O, Angelov DN, Gunkel A, Stennert E (1992) The hypoglossal-facial anastomosis as model of neuronal plasticity in the rat. Ann Anat 174:419\u2013433","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"1174_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(03)00182-2","volume":"47","author":"DA Nowak","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nowak DA, Hermsdorfer J (2003) Selective deficits of grip force control during object manipulation in patients with reduced sensibility of the grasping digits. Neurosci Res 47:65\u201372","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"key":"1174_CR59","first-page":"227","volume":"172","author":"PMR O'Reilly","year":"1990","unstructured":"O'Reilly PMR, Fitzgerald MJT (1990) Fibre composition of the hypoglossal nerve in the rat. J Anat 172:227\u2013243","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"1174_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(03)00098-0","volume":"127","author":"I Papalia","year":"2003","unstructured":"Papalia I, Tos P, Stagno d'Alcontres F, Battiston B, Geuna S (2003) On the use of the grasping test in the rat median nerve model: a re-appraisal of its efficacy for quantitative assessment of motor function recovery. J Neurosci Methods 127:43\u201347","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"1174_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(82)90239-1","volume":"7","author":"S Pockett","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pockett S, Slack JR (1982) Source of the stimulus for nerve terminal sprouting in partially denervated muscle. Neuroscience 7:3173\u20133176","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"1174_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10460","volume":"457","author":"B Rajan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rajan B, Polydefkis M, Hauer P, Griffin JW, McArthur JC (2003) Epidermal reinnervation after intracutaneous axotomy in man. J Comp Neurol 457:24\u201336","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.12.010","volume":"118","author":"R Rathakrishnan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rathakrishnan R, Therimadasamy AK, Chan YH, Wilder-Smith EP (2007) The median palmar cutaneous nerve in normal subjects and CTS. Clin Neurophysiol 118:776\u201380","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"1174_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.09-05-01781.1989","volume":"9","author":"MM Rich","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rich MM, Lichtman JW (1989) In vivo visualization of pre- and postsynaptic change during synapse elimination in reinnervated mouse muscle. J Neurosci 9:1781\u20131805","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"1174_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsb.2006.08.019","volume":"32","author":"B Rosen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rosen B, Lundborg G (2007) Enhanced sensory recovery after median nerve repair using cortical audio-tactile interaction: a randomised multicentre study. J Hand Surg 32:31\u201337","journal-title":"J Hand Surg"},{"key":"1174_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsb.2005.10.017","volume":"31B","author":"B Rosen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rosen B, Bj\u00f6rkman A, Lundborg G (2006) Improved sensory relearning after nerve repair induced by selective temporary anaesthesia: a new concept in hand rehabilitation. J Hand Surg 31B:126\u2013132","journal-title":"J Hand Surg"},{"key":"1174_CR67","first-page":"131","volume":"B1","author":"JM Schr\u00f6der","year":"1968","unstructured":"Schr\u00f6der JM (1968) Die Hyperneurotisation B\u00fcngnerscher B\u00e4nder bei der experimentallen Isoniazid Neuropathie: Phasenkontrast- und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen. Virchows Arch Abt B1:131\u2013156","journal-title":"Virchows Arch Abt"},{"key":"1174_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/30340","volume":"393","author":"I Segev","year":"1998","unstructured":"Segev I (1998) Sound grounds for computing dendrites. Nature 393:207\u2013208","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1174_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902470203","volume":"247","author":"K Semba","year":"1986","unstructured":"Semba K, Egger MD (1986) The facial \u201cmotor\u201d nerve of the rat: control of vibrissal movement and examination of motor and sensory components. J Comp Neurol 247:144\u2013158","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.18004217505","volume":"42","author":"GD Shawe","year":"1954","unstructured":"Shawe GD (1954) On the number of branches formed by regenerating nerve fibers. Br J Surg 42:474\u2013488","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"1174_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2006.10.006","volume":"60","author":"SJ Shieh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shieh SJ, Lee JW, Chiu HY (2007) Long-term functional results of primary reconstruction of severe forearm injuries. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 60:339\u2013348","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"1174_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2005.103.6.1067","volume":"103","author":"N Sinis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sinis N, Schaller HE, Schulte-Eversum C, Schlosshauer B, Doser M, Dietz K, Rosner H, Muller HW, Haerle M (2005) Nerve regeneration across a 2-cm gap in the rat median nerve using a resorbable nerve conduit filled with Schwann cells. J Neurosurg 103:1067\u20131076","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"1174_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20948","volume":"60","author":"O Simova","year":"2006","unstructured":"Simova O, Irintchev A, Mehanna A, Liu J, Dihne M, Bahle D, Sewald N, Loers G, Schachner M (2006) Carbohydrate mimics promote functional recovery after peripheral nerve repair. Ann Neurol 60:827\u2013835","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(96)10032-1","volume":"19","author":"YJ Son","year":"1996","unstructured":"Son YJ, Trachtenberg JT, Thompson WJ (1996) Schwann cells induce and guide sprouting and reinnervation of neuromuscular junctions. Trends Neurosci 19:280\u2013285","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"1174_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7716524","volume":"268","author":"N Spruston","year":"1995","unstructured":"Spruston N, Schiller Y, Stuart G, Sakmann B (1995) Activity-dependent action potential invasion and calcium influx into hippocampal CA1 dendrites. Science 268:297\u2013300","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1174_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(82)90028-0","volume":"75","author":"NA Standler","year":"1982","unstructured":"Standler NA, Bernstein JJ (1982) Degeneration and regeneration of motoneuron dendrites after ventral root crush: computer reconstruction of dendritic fields. Exp Neurol 75:600\u2013615","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2002.01971.x","volume":"15","author":"M Streppel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Streppel M, Azzolin N, Dohm S, Guntinas-Lichius O, Haas C, Grothe C, Neiss WF, Angelov DN (2002) Focal application of neutralizing antibodies to soluble neurotrophic faactors reduces collateral axonal branching after peripheral nerve lesion. Eur J Neurosci 15:1327\u20131342","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"1174_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.2002.7928","volume":"176","author":"OA Sulaiman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sulaiman OA, Midha R, Munro CA, Matsuyama T, Al-Majed A, Gordon T (2002) Chronic Schwann cell denervation and the presence of a sensory nerve reduce motor axonal regeneration. Exp Neurol 176:342\u2013354","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1038\/233273a0","volume":"233","author":"BE Sumner","year":"1971","unstructured":"Sumner BE, Watson WE (1971) Retraction and expansion of the dendritic tree of motor neurones of adult rats induced in vivo. Nature 233:273\u2013275","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1174_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1023\/B:NEUR.0000020635.41233.0f","volume":"32","author":"SL Tam","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tam SL, Gordon T (2003) Mechanisms controlling axonal sprouting at the neuromuscular junction. J Neurocytol 32:961\u2013974","journal-title":"J Neurocytol"},{"key":"1174_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6068","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1442-07.2007","volume":"27","author":"XQ Tang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tang XQ, Heron P, Mashburn C, Smith GM (2007) Targeting sensory axon regeneration in adult spinal cord. Neuroscience 27:6068\u20136078","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"1174_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200010000-00022","volume":"106","author":"JK Terzis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Terzis JK, Papakonstantinou KC (2000) The surgical treatment of brachial plexus injuries in adults. Plast Reconstr Surg 106:1097\u20131122","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"1174_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210050817","volume":"128","author":"J Thonnard","year":"1999","unstructured":"Thonnard J, Saels P, Van den Bergh P, Lejeune T (1999) Effects of chronic median nerve compression at the wrist on sensation and manual skills. Exp Brain Res 128:61\u201364","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"1174_CR83","first-page":"191","volume":"131","author":"E Tolu","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tolu E, Caria MA, Pugliatti M (1993) Responses of hypoglossal motoneurons to mechanical stimulation of the teeth in rats. Arch Ital Biol 131:191\u2013200","journal-title":"Arch Ital Biol"},{"key":"1174_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.2002.8040","volume":"178","author":"TL Tomov","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tomov TL, Guntinas-Lichius O, Grosheva M, Streppel M, Schraermeyer U, Neiss WF, Angelov DN (2002) An example of neural plasticity evoked by putative behavioral demand and early use of vibrissal hairs after facial nerve transection. Exp Neurol 178:207\u2013218","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.20306","volume":"27","author":"P Tos","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tos P, Battiston B, Nicolino S, Raimondo S, Fornaro M, Lee JM, Chirila L, Geuna S, Perroteau I (2007) Comparison of fresh and predegenerated muscle-vein-combined guides for the repair of rat median nerve. Microsurgery 27:48\u201355","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"key":"1174_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19911201-11","volume":"14","author":"DA Trojan","year":"1991","unstructured":"Trojan DA, Gendron D, Cashman NR (1991) Electrophysiology and electrodiagnosis of the post-polio motor unit. Orthopedics 14:1353\u20131361","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"1174_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20711","volume":"35","author":"H Tsuboya","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tsuboya H, Tani T, Ishida K, Ushida T, Taniguchi S, Kimura J (2007) Quantitative sensory testing of cold and vibration perception during compression of median nerve at the wrist. Muscle Nerve 35:458\u2013464","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"1174_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc.69.173","volume":"69","author":"H Tsuyoshi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tsuyoshi H, Zenzai K, Okado H, Endo N, Shibata M, Hirano S (2006) Sprouting of sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia after transection of peripheral nerves. Arch Histol Cytol 69:173\u2013179","journal-title":"Arch Histol Cytol"},{"key":"1174_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1089\/089771504772695986","volume":"21","author":"A Valero-Cabre","year":"2004","unstructured":"Valero-Cabre A, Tsironis K, Skouras E, Navarro X, Neiss WF (2004) Peripheral and spinal motor reorganization after nerve injury and repair. J Neurotrauma 21:95\u2013108","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"1174_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1993.1147","volume":"123","author":"S Noven Van den","year":"1993","unstructured":"Van den Noven S, Wallace N, Muccio D, Turtz A, Pinter MJ (1993) Adult spinal motoneurons remain viable despite prolonged absence of functional synaptic contact with muscle. Exp Neurol 123:147\u2013156","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1174_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.85.2.926","volume":"85","author":"P Vetter","year":"2001","unstructured":"Vetter P, Roth A, Hausser M (2001) Propagation of action potentials in dendrites depends on dendritic morphology. J Neurophysiol 85:926\u2013937","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"1174_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2006.11.006","volume":"109","author":"T Vordemvenne","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vordemvenne T, Langer M, Ochman S, Raschke M, Schult M (2007) Long-term results after primary microsurgical repair of ulnar and median nerve injuries: a comparison of common score systems. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 109:263\u2013271","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"1174_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(02)00192-3","volume":"39","author":"JT Wall","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wall JT, Xu J, Wang X (2002) Human brain plasticity: an emerging view of the multiple substrates and mechanisms that cause cortical changes and related sensory dysfunctions after injuries of sensory inputs from the body. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 39:181\u2013215","journal-title":"Brain Res Brain Res Rev"},{"key":"1174_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20436","volume":"485","author":"C Witzel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Witzel C, Rohde C, Brushart TM (2005) Pathway sampling by regenerating peripheral axons. J Comp Neurol 485:183\u2013190","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"}],"container-title":["Experimental Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00221-007-1174-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00221-007-1174-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00221-007-1174-y","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,18]],"date-time":"2024-02-18T15:49:14Z","timestamp":1708271354000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00221-007-1174-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,23]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}},"alternative-id":["1174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-007-1174-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4819","1432-1106"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4819","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1106","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,23]]}}}