{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T13:19:24Z","timestamp":1791983964875,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,23]],"date-time":"2019-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,23]],"date-time":"2019-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSERC RGPIN 105424-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSERC RGPIN 105424-12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Brain Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-019-05696-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,23]],"date-time":"2019-11-23T12:02:57Z","timestamp":1574510577000},"page":"39-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Regional modulation of the ankle plantarflexor muscles associated with standing external perturbations across different directions"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"238","author":[{"given":"J. W.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Gallina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. D.","family":"Ivanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. J.","family":"McAndrew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. J.","family":"Garland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"5696_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00456","volume":"8","author":"JZ Bakdash","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bakdash JZ, Marusich LR (2017) Repeated measures correlation. Front Psychol 8:456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00456","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"5696_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.145789","volume":"586","author":"JE Butler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Butler JE, Gandevia SC (2008) The output from human inspiratory motoneurone pools. J Physiol 586:1257\u20131264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.145789","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"5696_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00229405","volume":"85","author":"CM Chanaud","year":"1991","unstructured":"Chanaud CM, Pratt CA, Loeb GE (1991) Functionally complex muscles of the cat hindlimb. II. Mechanical and architectural heterogenity within the biceps femoris. Exp Brain Res 85:257\u2013270","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"5696_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.09.018","volume":"81","author":"FV Dos Anjos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dos Anjos FV, Gazzoni M, Vieira TM (2018) Does the activity of ankle plantar flexors differ between limbs while healthy, young subjects stand at ease? J Biomech 81:140\u2013144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.09.018","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"5696_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(03)00037-7","volume":"19","author":"WH Gage","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gage WH, Winter DA, Frank JS, Adkin AL (2004) Kinematic and kinetic validity of the inverted pendulum model in quiet standing. Gait Posture 19:124\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0966-6362(03)00037-7","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"5696_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2012.11.007","volume":"23","author":"A Gallina","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gallina A, Ritzel CH, Merletti R, Vieira TM (2013) Do surface electromyograms provide physiological estimates of conduction velocity from the medial gastrocnemius muscle? J Electromyogr Kinesiol 23:319\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jelekin.2012.11.007","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"key":"5696_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1979.sp012643","volume":"287","author":"R Garnett","year":"1979","unstructured":"Garnett R, O\u2019donovan M, Stephens J, Taylor A (1979) Motor unit organization of human medial gastrocnemius. J Physiol 287:33\u201343","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"5696_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.80.4.1939","volume":"80","author":"SM Henry","year":"1998","unstructured":"Henry SM, Fung J, Horak FB (1998) EMG responses to maintain stance during multidirectional surface translations. J Neurophysiol 80:1939\u20131950","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"5696_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00906.2013","volume":"116","author":"ME Heroux","year":"2014","unstructured":"Heroux ME, Dakin CJ, Luu BL, Inglis JT, Blouin JS (2014) Absence of lateral gastrocnemius activity and differential motor unit behavior in soleus and medial gastrocnemius during standing balance. J Appl Physiol 116:140\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00906.2013","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"5696_CR10","first-page":"319","volume":"33","author":"M Hoffman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hoffman M, Schrader J, Applegate T, Koceja D (1998) Unilateral postural control of the functionally dominant and nondominant extremities of healthy subjects. J Athl Training 33:319","journal-title":"J Athl Training"},{"key":"5696_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1986.55.6.1369","volume":"55","author":"FB Horak","year":"1986","unstructured":"Horak FB, Nashner LM (1986) Central programming of postural movements: adaptation to altered support-surface configurations. J Neurophysiol 55:1369\u20131381","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"5696_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00230848","volume":"82","author":"F Horak","year":"1990","unstructured":"Horak F, Nashner L, Diener H (1990) Postural strategies associated with somatosensory and vestibular loss. Exp Brain Res 82:167\u2013177","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"5696_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2005.04.008","volume":"150","author":"F Hug","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hug F, Raux M, Prella M, Morelot-Panzini C, Straus C, Similowski T (2006) Optimized analysis of surface electromyograms of the scalenes during quiet breathing in human. Resp Physiol Neurobi 150:75\u201381","journal-title":"Resp Physiol Neurobi"},{"key":"5696_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100070611","volume":"7","author":"M Kadaba","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kadaba M, Ramakrishnan H, Wootten M, Gainey J, Gorton G, Cochran G (1989) Repeatability of kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic data in normal adult gait. J Orthop Res 7:849\u2013860","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"5696_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2011.057562","volume":"96","author":"R Kinugasa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kinugasa R, Kawakami Y, Sinha S, Fukunaga T (2011) Unique spatial distribution of in vivo human muscle activation. Exp Physiol 96:938\u2013948","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"5696_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2008.09.029","volume":"41","author":"SS Lee","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lee SS, Piazza SJ (2008) Inversion\u2013eversion moment arms of gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior measured in vivo. J Biomech 41:3366\u20133370","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"5696_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2007.10.001","volume":"12","author":"W-H Lin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lin W-H, Liu Y-F, Hsieh CC-C, Lee AJ (2009) Ankle eversion to inversion strength ratio and static balance control in the dominant and non-dominant limbs of young adults. J Sci Med Sport 12:42\u201349","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"5696_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.076307","volume":"564","author":"ID Loram","year":"2005","unstructured":"Loram ID, Maganaris CN, Lakie M (2005) Human postural sway results from frequent, ballistic bias impulses by soleus and gastrocnemius. J Physiol 564:295\u2013311","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"5696_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/77.5.488","volume":"77","author":"BE Maki","year":"1997","unstructured":"Maki BE, McIlroy WE (1997) The role of limb movements in maintaining upright stance: the \u201cchange-in-support\u201d strategy. Phys Ther 77:488\u2013507","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"5696_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01322.2004","volume":"94","author":"G Mochizuki","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mochizuki G, Ivanova TD, Garland S (2005) Synchronization of motor units in human soleus muscle during standing postural tasks. J Neurophysiol 94:62\u201369","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"5696_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00063.2014","volume":"112","author":"CL Pollock","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pollock CL, Ivanova TD, Hunt MA, Garland SJ (2014) Motor unit recruitment and firing rate in medial gastrocnemius muscles during external perturbations in standing in humans. J Neurophysiol 112:1678\u20131684","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"5696_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2005.04.012","volume":"86","author":"RL Segal","year":"2005","unstructured":"Segal RL, Song AW (2005) Nonuniform activity of human calf muscles during an exercise task. Arch Phys Med Rehab 86:2013\u20132017","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehab"},{"key":"5696_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2008.04.013","volume":"19","author":"D Staudenmann","year":"2009","unstructured":"Staudenmann D, Kingma I, Daffertshofer A, Stegeman D, Van Die\u00ebn J (2009) Heterogeneity of muscle activation in relation to force direction: a multi-channel surface electromyography study on the triceps surae muscle. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 19:882\u2013895","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"key":"5696_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1113\/JP271866","volume":"597","author":"TM Vieira","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vieira TM, Windhorst U, Merletti R (2009) Is the stabilization of quiet upright stance in humans driven by synchronized modulations of the activity of medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles? J Appl Physiol 597:1953\u20131954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/JP271866","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"5696_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2010.03.049","volume":"43","author":"TM Vieira","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vieira TM, Merletti R, Mesin L (2010) Automatic segmentation of surface EMG images: improving the estimation of neuromuscular activity. J Biomech 43:2149\u20132158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2010.03.049","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"5696_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00659.2011","volume":"107","author":"TM Vieira","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vieira TM, Loram ID, Muceli S, Merletti R, Farina D (2012) Recruitment of motor units in the medial gastrocnemius muscle during human quiet standing: is recruitment intermittent? What triggers recruitment? J Neurophysiol 107:666\u2013676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00659.2011","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"5696_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2013.03.003","volume":"32","author":"TM Vieira","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vieira TM, Minetto MA, Hodson-Tole EF, Botter A (2013) How much does the human medial gastrocnemius muscle contribute to ankle torques outside the sagittal plane? Hum Mov Sci 32:753\u2013767. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humov.2013.03.003","journal-title":"Hum Mov Sci"},{"key":"5696_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00221.2015","volume":"114","author":"TM Vieira","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vieira TM, Botter A, Minetto MA, Hodson-Tole EF (2015) Spatial variation of compound muscle action potentials across human gastrocnemius medialis. J Neurophysiol 114:1617\u20131627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00221.2015","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"5696_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00024985","volume":"12","author":"U Windhorst","year":"1989","unstructured":"Windhorst U, Hamm TM, Stuart DG (1989) On the function of muscle and reflex partitioning. Behav Brain Sci 12:629\u2013644","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci"},{"key":"5696_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0966-6362(96)82849-9","volume":"3","author":"DA Winter","year":"1995","unstructured":"Winter DA (1995) Human balance and posture control during standing and walking. Gait Posture 3:193\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0966-6362(96)82849-9","journal-title":"Gait Posture"}],"container-title":["Experimental Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00221-019-05696-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00221-019-05696-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00221-019-05696-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,21]],"date-time":"2020-11-21T19:48:22Z","timestamp":1605988102000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00221-019-05696-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,23]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["5696"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-019-05696-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4819","1432-1106"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4819","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1106","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 May 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 November 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 November 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}