{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:28:28Z","timestamp":1791304108876,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705968000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010577","name":"Toyota Motor Europe","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010577","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101006664"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101006664"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Brain Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Users of automated vehicles will engage in other activities and take their eyes off the road, making them prone to motion sickness. To resolve this, the current paper validates models predicting sickness in response to motion and visual conditions. We validate published models of vestibular and visual sensory integration that have been used for predicting motion sickness through sensory conflict. We use naturalistic driving data and laboratory motion (and vection) paradigms, such as sinusoidal translation and rotation at different frequencies, Earth-Vertical Axis Rotation, Off-Vertical Axis Rotation, Centrifugation, Somatogravic Illusion, and Pseudo-Coriolis, to evaluate different models for both motion perception and motion sickness. We investigate the effects of visual motion perception in terms of rotational velocity (visual flow) and verticality. According to our findings, the SVC\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    model, a 6DOF model based on the Subjective Vertical Conflict (SVC) theory, with visual rotational velocity input is effective at estimating motion sickness. However, it does not correctly replicate motion perception in paradigms such as roll-tilt perception during centrifuge, pitch perception during somatogravic illusion, and pitch perception during pseudo-Coriolis motions. On the other hand, the Multi-Sensory Observer Model (MSOM) accurately models motion perception in all considered paradigms, but does not effectively capture the frequency sensitivity of motion sickness, and the effects of vision on sickness. For both models (SVC\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    and MSOM), the visual perception of rotational velocity strongly affects sickness and perception. Visual verticality perception does not (yet) contribute to sickness prediction, and contributes to perception prediction only for the somatogravic illusion. In conclusion, the SVC\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    model with visual rotation velocity feedback is the current preferred option to design vehicle control algorithms for motion sickness reduction, while the MSOM best predicts perception. A unified model that jointly captures perception and motion sickness remains to be developed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-023-06747-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T21:04:05Z","timestamp":1705957445000},"page":"685-725","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The role of vision in sensory integration models for predicting motion perception and sickness"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"242","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9753-9229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Varun","family":"Kotian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7633-394X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tugrul","family":"Irmak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9535-2639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daan","family":"Pool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5878-3472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riender","family":"Happee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"6747_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00221-023-06684-9","author":"AR Allred","year":"2023","unstructured":"Allred AR, Clark TK (2023) A computational model of motion sickness dynamics during passive self-motion in the dark. Exp Brain Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00221-023-06684-9","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"6747_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1658349.1658354","author":"DR Berger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Berger DR, Schulte-Pelkum J, Bulthoff HH (2010) Simulating believable for- ward accelerations on a stewart motion platform. ACM Trans Appl Percept (TAP). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1658349.1658354","journal-title":"ACM Trans Appl Percept (TAP)"},{"key":"6747_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-3569-6","volume-title":"Tutorials on motion perception","author":"A Berthoz","year":"1982","unstructured":"Berthoz A, Droulez J (1982) Linear self motion perception. Tutorials on motion perception. Springer, pp 157\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4613-3569-6"},{"key":"6747_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2016.00014","author":"G Bertolini","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bertolini G, Straumann D (2016) Moving in a moving world: a review on vestibular motion sickness. Front Neurol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2016.00014","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6747_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/s0361-9230(98)00088-4","volume":"47","author":"JE Bos","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bos JE, Bles W (1998) Modelling motion sickness and subjective vertical mismatch detailed for vertical motions. Brain Res Bull 47(5):537\u2013542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0361-9230(98)00088-4","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"issue":"2","key":"6747_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.displa.2007.09.002","volume":"29","author":"JE Bos","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bos JE, Bles W, Groen EL (2008) A theory on visually induced motion sickness. Displays 29(2):47\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.displa.2007.09.002","journal-title":"Displays"},{"issue":"4","key":"6747_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/J.APERGO.2009.11.007","volume":"41","author":"JE Bos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bos JE, de Vries SC, van Emmerik ML et al (2010) The effect of internal and external fields of view on visually induced motion sickness. Appl Ergon 41(4):516\u2013521. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.APERGO.2009.11.007","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"issue":"12","key":"6747_CR8","first-page":"1236","volume":"77","author":"CA Butler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Butler CA, Griffin MJ (2006) Motion sickness during fore-and-aft oscillation: effect of the visual scene. Aviat Space Environ Med 77(12):1236\u20131243","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"6747_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.3389\/FNINS.2019.01308\/BIBTEX","volume":"13","author":"D Cano Porras","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cano Porras D, Zeilig G, Doniger GM et al (2020) Seeing gravity: gait adaptations to visual and physical inclines\u2014a virtual reality study. Front Neurosci 13:1308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FNINS.2019.01308\/BIBTEX","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"6747_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/BS.PBR.2019.04.014","volume":"248","author":"TK Clark","year":"2019","unstructured":"Clark TK, Newman MC, Karmali F et al (2019) Mathematical models for dynamic, multisensory spatial orientation perception. Prog Brain Res 248:65\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/BS.PBR.2019.04.014","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"6747_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-012-3313-3","volume":"224","author":"BJ Correia Gracio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Correia Gracio BJ, de Winkel KN, Groen EL et al (2013) The time constant of the somatogravic illusion. Exp Brain Res 224(3):313\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-012-3313-3","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"issue":"1\u20136","key":"6747_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.3109\/00016487309121519","volume":"76","author":"J Dichgans","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dichgans J, Brandt T (2009) Optokinetic motion sickness and pseudo-coriolis effects induced by moving visual stimuli. Acta Otolaryngol 76(1\u20136):339\u2013348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00016487309121519","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"5 Suppl.","key":"6747_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27492003000600006","volume":"66","author":"WH Ehrenstein","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ehrenstein WH (2003) Basics of seeing motion. Arq Bras Oftalmol 66(5 Suppl.):44\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S0004-27492003000600006","journal-title":"Arq Bras Oftalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6747_CR14","first-page":"121","volume":"67","author":"J Golding","year":"1996","unstructured":"Golding J, Markey HM (1996) Effect of frequency of horizontal linear oscillation on motion sickness and somatogravic illusion. Aviat Space Environ Med 67(2):121\u2013126","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"6747_CR15","first-page":"396","volume":"68","author":"JF Golding","year":"1997","unstructured":"Golding JF, Finch MI, Stott JR (1997) Frequency effect of 0.35\u20131.0 Hz horizontal translational oscillation on motion sickness and the somatogravic illusion. Aviat, Space Environ Med 68(5):396\u2013402","journal-title":"Aviat, Space Environ Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"6747_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.3357\/asem.2433.2009","volume":"80","author":"JF Golding","year":"2009","unstructured":"Golding JF, Arun S, Wortley E et al (2009) Off-vertical axis rotation of the visual field and nauseogenicity. Aviat Space Environ Med 80(6):516\u2013521. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3357\/asem.2433.2009","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"6747_CR17","first-page":"640","volume":"73","author":"M Griffin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Griffin M, Mills K (2002a) Effect of magnitude and direction of horizontal oscillation on motion sickness. Aviat Space Environ Med 73:640\u2013646","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"6747_CR18","first-page":"537","volume":"73","author":"MJ Griffin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Griffin MJ, Mills KL (2002b) Effect of frequency and direction of horizontal oscillation on motion sickness. Aviat Space Environ Med 73(6):537\u2013543","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"6747_CR19","first-page":"739","volume":"75","author":"MJ Griffin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Griffin MJ, Newman MM (2004) Visual field effects on motion sickness in cars. Aviat Space Environ Med 75(9):739\u2013748","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"6747_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3390\/SAFETY8040085","volume":"8","author":"EL Groen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Groen EL, Clark TK, Houben MMJ et al (2022) Objective evaluation of the somatogravic illusion from flight data of an airplane accident. Safety 8(4):85. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/SAFETY8040085","journal-title":"Safety"},{"issue":"1266","key":"6747_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.3389\/FNEUR.2023.1266345","volume":"14","author":"R Happee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Happee R, Kotian V, de Winkel K (2023) Neck stabilization through sensory integration of vestibular and visual motion cues. Front Neurol 14(1266):345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FNEUR.2023.1266345","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6747_CR22","first-page":"326","volume":"74","author":"HVC Howarth","year":"2003","unstructured":"Howarth HVC, Griffin MJ (2003) Effect of roll oscillation frequency on motion sickness. Aviat Space Environ Med 74(4):326\u2013331","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"6747_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.3389\/FNEUR.2017.00114","volume":"8","author":"D Huppert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huppert D, Benson J, Brandt T (2017) A historical view of motion sickness\u2014a plague at sea and on land, also with military impact. Front Neurol 8(Apr):114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FNEUR.2017.00114","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"6747_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Inoue S, Liu H, Wada T (2022) Revisiting motion sickness models based on SVC theory considering motion perception. SAE MobilityRxiv\u2122 Preprint https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47953\/SAE-PP-00303, URL https:\/\/mobilityrxiv.sae.org\/preprint\/revisiting-motion-sickness-models-based-on-svc-theory-considering-motion-perception","DOI":"10.47953\/SAE-PP-00303"},{"key":"6747_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-020-05986-6","author":"T Irmak","year":"2020","unstructured":"Irmak T, Pool DM, Happee R (2020) Objective and subjective responses to motion sickness: the group and the individual. Exp Brain Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-020-05986-6","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"6747_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-021-06093-w","author":"T Irmak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Irmak T, De Winkel KN, Pool DM et al (2021) Individual motion perception parameters and motion sickness frequency sensitivity in fore-aft motion. Exp Brain Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-021-06093-w","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"6747_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNSYS.2022.866503","author":"T Irmak","year":"2022","unstructured":"Irmak T, Kotian V, Happee R et al (2022) Amplitude and temporal dynamics of motion sickness. Front Syst Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FNSYS.2022.866503","journal-title":"Front Syst Neurosci"},{"key":"6747_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00422-023-00959-8","author":"T Irmak","year":"2023","unstructured":"Irmak T, Pool D, de Winkel K et al (2023) Validating models of sensory conflict and perception for motion sickness prediction. Biol Cybern. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00422-023-00959-8","journal-title":"Biol Cybern"},{"issue":"5","key":"6747_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.4271\/2021-01-0104","volume":"3","author":"N Jalgaonkar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jalgaonkar N, Sousa Schulman D, Ojha S et al (2021) A visual-vestibular model to predict motion sickness response in passengers of autonomous vehicles. SAE Int J Adv Curr Pract Mob 3(5):2421\u20132432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4271\/2021-01-0104","journal-title":"SAE Int J Adv Curr Pract Mob"},{"key":"6747_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kamiji N, Kurata Y, Wada T et al. (2007) Modeling and validation of carsickness mechanism. In: Proceedings of the SICE Annual Conference. IEEE, pp 1138\u20131143, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/SICE.2007.4421156, http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/4421156\/","DOI":"10.1109\/SICE.2007.4421156"},{"issue":"1","key":"6747_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2010.09.008","volume":"38","author":"H Khalid","year":"2011","unstructured":"Khalid H, Turan O, Bos JE et al (2011) Application of the subjective vertical\u2013horizontal-conflict physiological motion sickness model to the field trials of contemporary vessels. Ocean Eng 38(1):22\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2010.09.008","journal-title":"Ocean Eng"},{"key":"6747_CR32","unstructured":"Kotian V, Pool DM, Happee R (2023) Modelling individual motion sickness accumulation in vehicles and driving simulators. In: Proceedings of the Driving Simulation Conference, Antibes, France"},{"issue":"6608","key":"6747_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1038\/384463a0","volume":"384","author":"HG Krapp","year":"1996","unstructured":"Krapp HG, Hengstenberg R (1996) Estimation of self-motion by optic flow processing in single visual interneurons. Nature 384(6608):463\u2013466. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/384463a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"6747_CR34","unstructured":"Kufver B, Forstberg J (1999) A net dose model for development of nausea. In: (paper to) United Kingdom Group Meeting on Human Responses to Vibration, 1999, Dunton, Essex, United Kingdom, vol 330"},{"key":"6747_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2017.11.002","volume":"68","author":"OX Kuiper","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kuiper OX, Bos JE, Diels C (2018) Looking forward: in-vehicle auxiliary display positioning affects carsickness. Appl Ergon 68:169\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apergo.2017.11.002","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"key":"6747_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu H, Inoue S, Wada T (2022) Motion sickness modeling with visual vertical estimation and its application to autonomous personal mobility vehicles. In: 2022 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), pp 1415\u20131422, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IV51971.2022.9827161","DOI":"10.1109\/IV51971.2022.9827161"},{"key":"6747_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-65920-1","volume-title":"A systems concept of the vestibular organs","author":"R Mayne","year":"1974","unstructured":"Mayne R (1974) A systems concept of the vestibular organs. Springer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-65920-1"},{"key":"6747_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCauley M, Royal J, Wylie C et al. (1976) Motion sickness incidence: exploratory studies of habituation, pitch and roll, and the refinement of a mathematical model. Tech. rep., Canyon Research Group Inc Goleta Ca Human Factors Research Div","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA024709"},{"issue":"2","key":"6747_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-1993-3204","volume":"3","author":"DM Merfeld","year":"1993","unstructured":"Merfeld DM, Young LR, Oman CM et al (1993) A multidimensional model of the effect of gravity on the spatial orientation of the monkey. J Vestib Res 3(2):141\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/VES-1993-3204","journal-title":"J Vestib Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"6747_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.85.4.1648","volume":"85","author":"DM Merfeld","year":"2001","unstructured":"Merfeld DM, Zupan LH, Gifford CA (2001) Neural processing of gravito-inertial cues in humans. II. Influence of the semicircular canals during eccentric rotation. J Neurophysiol 85(4):1648\u20131660. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.2001.85.4.1648","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"6747_CR41","unstructured":"Newman MC (2009) A multisensory observer model for human spatial orientation perception. PhD thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/1721.1\/51636"},{"issue":"4","key":"6747_CR42","first-page":"366","volume":"45","author":"JF O\u2019Hanlon","year":"1974","unstructured":"O\u2019Hanlon JF, McCauley ME (1974) Motion sickness incidence as a function of the frequency and acceleration of vertical sinusoidal motion. Aerosp Med 45(4):366\u2013369","journal-title":"Aerosp Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"6747_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1139\/y90-044","volume":"68","author":"CM Oman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Oman CM (1990) Motion sickness: a synthesis and evaluation of the sensory conflict theory. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 68(2):294\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/y90-044","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"6747_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1177\/014107687807101109","volume":"71","author":"JT Reason","year":"1978","unstructured":"Reason JT (1978) Motion sickness adaptation: a neural mismatch model. J R Soc Med 71(11):819\u2013829","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"6747_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326969eco0303_2","volume":"3","author":"GE Riccio","year":"2010","unstructured":"Riccio GE, Stoffregen TA (2010) An ecological theory of motion sickness and postural instability. Ecol Psychol 3(3):195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15326969eco0303_2","journal-title":"Ecol Psychol"},{"key":"6747_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/J.APERGO.2019.02.001","volume":"78","author":"S Salter","year":"2019","unstructured":"Salter S, Diels C, Herriotts P et al (2019) Motion sickness in automated vehicles with forward and rearward facing seating orientations. Appl Ergon 78:54\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.APERGO.2019.02.001","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"issue":"2","key":"6747_CR47","first-page":"111","volume":"69","author":"O Tokumaru","year":"1998","unstructured":"Tokumaru O, Kaida K, Ashida H et al (1998) Visual influence on the magnitude of somatogravic illusion evoked on advanced spatial disorientation demonstrator. Aviat Space Environ Med 69(2):111\u2013116","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"6747_CR48","unstructured":"van der Steen F (1998) Self-motion perception. PhD thesis, TU Delft, URL https:\/\/repository.tudelft.nl\/islandora\/object\/uuid%3Adcbbad07-c8ec-437d-8b19-ff81ecfb1909"},{"issue":"3","key":"6747_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1152\/JN.00613.2005","volume":"95","author":"RA Vingerhoets","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vingerhoets RA, Medendorp WP, Van Gisbergen JA (2006) Time course and magnitude of illusory translation perception during off-vertical axis rotation. J Neurophysiol 95(3):1571\u20131587. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/JN.00613.2005","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"6747_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3389\/FNSYS.2021.634604\/BIBTEX","volume":"15","author":"T Wada","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wada T (2021) Computational model of motion sickness describing the effects of learning exogenous motion dynamics. Front Syst Neurosci 15:6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/FNSYS.2021.634604\/BIBTEX","journal-title":"Front Syst Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"6747_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2015","volume":"59","author":"T Wada","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wada T, Yoshida K (2016) Effect of passengers\u2019 active head tilt and opening\/closure of eyes on motion sickness in lateral acceleration environment of cars. Ergonomics 59(8):1050\u20131059. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00140139.2015","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"6747_CR52","unstructured":"Wada T, Kamij N, Doi S (2015) A mathematical model of motion sickness in 6DOF motion and its application to vehicle passengers. arXiv preprint http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1504.05261"},{"key":"6747_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wada T, Kawano J, Okafuji Y et al. (2020) A computational model of motion sickness considering visual and vestibular information. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC). IEEE, pp 1758\u20131763, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/SMC42975.2020.9283350","DOI":"10.1109\/SMC42975.2020.9283350"},{"issue":"5","key":"6747_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00239041","volume":"27","author":"W Waespe","year":"1977","unstructured":"Waespe W, Henn V (1977) Neuronal activity in the vestibular nuclei of the alert monkey during vestibular and optokinetic stimulation. Exp Brain Res 27(5):523\u2013538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00239041","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"6747_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(02)00118-0","volume":"323","author":"SJ Wood","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wood SJ (2002) Human otolith\u2013ocular reflexes during off-vertical axis rotation: effect of frequency on tilt\u2013translation ambiguity and motion sickness. Neurosci Lett 323(1):41\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0304-3940(02)00118-0","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"6747_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/S00221-007-0994-0","volume":"182","author":"SJ Wood","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wood SJ, Reschke MF, Sarmiento LA et al (2007) Tilt and translation motion perception during off-vertical axis rotation. Exp Brain Res 182(3):365\u2013377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00221-007-0994-0","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"6747_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-07305-2","volume-title":"Lecture notes in mechanical engineering","author":"I Yunus","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yunus I, Jerrelind J, Drugge L (2022) Evaluation of motion sickness prediction models for autonomous driving. In: Orlova A, Cole D (eds) Lecture notes in mechanical engineering. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 875\u2013887. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-07305-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"6747_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s00422-001-0290-1","volume":"86","author":"LH Zupan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zupan LH, Merfeld DM, Darlot C (2002) Using sensory weighting to model the influence of canal, otolith and visual cues on spatial orientation and eye movements. Biol Cybern 86(3):209\u2013230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00422-001-0290-1","journal-title":"Biol Cybern"}],"container-title":["Experimental Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00221-023-06747-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00221-023-06747-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00221-023-06747-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T13:04:07Z","timestamp":1709125447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00221-023-06747-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["6747"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-023-06747-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4819","1432-1106"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4819","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1106","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 March 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 November 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 January 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}