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This study investigated miR-214-3p\u2019s effects on mitochondrial function in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells and mouse primary cortical neurons. In SH-SY5Y cells, proteomic\/transcriptomic analyses and target prediction confirmed GFM1 as a direct target of miR-214-3p. miR-214-3p upregulation downregulated GFM1, causing severe mitochondrial bioenergetic impairment: increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced oxygen consumption, diminished ATP production, and decreased respiratory chain complexes (RCC) I\/IV expression. Critically, restoring GFM1 reversed these mitochondrial deficits and neuronal dysfunction. In mouse primary cortical neurons, miR-214-3p overexpression also impaired RCC I\/IV but did not affect GFM1, revealing a cell type-dependent regulatory mechanism. These findings demonstrate that elevated miR-214-3p impairs mitochondrial function in a cell-specific manner. 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