{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:09:47Z","timestamp":1790856587965,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Brain Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-026-07288-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T04:40:20Z","timestamp":1776228020000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exploiting prior knowledge in continuous decision-making under uncertainty: the case of tennis experts"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"244","author":[{"given":"Damian","family":"Beck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernst-Joachim","family":"Hossner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Zahno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"7288_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2021.09.017","volume":"145","author":"T Arthur","year":"2021","unstructured":"Arthur T, Harris DJ (2021) Predictive eye movements are adjusted in a Bayes-optimal fashion in response to unexpectedly changing environmental probabilities. Cortex 145:212\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cortex.2021.09.017","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"7288_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2018.12.015","volume":"43","author":"C Avil\u00e9s","year":"2019","unstructured":"Avil\u00e9s C, Navia JA, Ruiz LM, de Mart\u00ednez \u00d3 (2019) Do expert tennis players actually demonstrate anticipatory behavior when returning a first serve under representative conditions? A systematic review including quality assessment and methodological recommendations. Psychol Sport Exerc 43:16\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2018.12.015","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"key":"7288_CR3","unstructured":"Bates D, Kliegl R, Vasishth S, Baayen H (2015) Parsimonious mixed models. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.1506.0496704967."},{"key":"7288_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1750984x.2023.2280899","author":"D Beck","year":"2023","unstructured":"Beck D, Hossner E-J, Zahno S (2023) Mechanisms for handling uncertainty in sensorimotor control in sports: a scoping review. Int Rev Sport Exerc Psychol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1750984x.2023.2280899","journal-title":"Int Rev Sport Exerc Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7288_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00434.2024","volume":"134","author":"D Beck","year":"2025","unstructured":"Beck D, Zahno S, Kredel R, Hossner E-J (2025) From simple lab tasks to the virtual court: Bayesian integration in tennis. J Neurophysiol 134(1):303\u2013313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00434.2024","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"7288_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2018.02.001","volume":"36","author":"R Ca\u00f1al-Bruland","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ca\u00f1al-Bruland R, M\u00fcller F, Lach B, Spence C (2018) Auditory contributions to visual anticipation in tennis. Psychol Sport Exerc 36:100\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2018.02.001","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"2","key":"7288_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2010.04.008","volume":"116","author":"CS Chapman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chapman CS, Gallivan JP, Wood DK, Milne JL, Culham JC, Goodale MA (2010) Reaching for the unknown: multiple target encoding and real-time decision-making in a rapid reach task. Cognition 116(2):168\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cognition.2010.04.008","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"issue":"1485","key":"7288_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2007.2054","volume":"362","author":"P Cisek","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cisek P (2007) Cortical mechanisms of action selection: the affordance competition hypothesis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 362(1485):1585\u20131599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2007.2054","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"7288_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2024.102859","volume":"86","author":"P Cisek","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cisek P, Green AM (2024) Toward a neuroscience of natural behavior. Curr Opin Neurobiol 86:102859. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conb.2024.102859","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"7288_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.01.027","volume":"45","author":"P Cisek","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cisek P, Kalaska JF (2005) Neural correlates of reaching decisions in dorsal premotor cortex: specification of multiple direction choices and final selection of action. Neuron 45(5):801\u2013814. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.01.027","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1655","key":"7288_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20130479","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2013.0479","volume":"369","author":"P Cisek","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cisek P, Pastor-Bernier A (2014) On the challenges and mechanisms of embodied decisions. Philosophical Trans Royal Soc B: Biol Sci 369(1655):20130479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2013.0479","journal-title":"Philosophical Trans Royal Soc B: Biol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"7288_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ENEURO0174","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0174-21.2021","volume":"8","author":"I Cos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cos I, Pezzulo G, Cisek P (2021) Changes of mind after movement onset depend on the state of the motor system. eneuro 8(6):ENEURO0174\u201301212021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0174-21.2021","journal-title":"eneuro"},{"issue":"11","key":"7288_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01537-0","volume":"4","author":"M Desmurget","year":"2000","unstructured":"Desmurget M, Grafton S (2000) Forward modeling allows feedback control for fast reaching movements. Trends Cogn Sci 4(11):423\u2013431. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01537-0","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"7288_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1167\/13.1.20","volume":"13","author":"G Diaz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Diaz G, Cooper J, Rothkopf C, Hayhoe M (2013) Saccades to future ball location reveal memory-based prediction in a virtual-reality interception task. J Vis 13(1):1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/13.1.20","journal-title":"J Vis"},{"issue":"4","key":"7288_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2258","volume":"9","author":"AA Faisal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Faisal AA, Selen LP, Wolpert DM (2008) Noise in the nervous system. Nat Rev Neurosci 9(4):292\u2013303. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18319728","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"7288_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2011.12.007","volume":"15","author":"D Farrow","year":"2012","unstructured":"Farrow D, Reid M (2012) The contribution of situational probability information to anticipatory skill. J Sci Med Sport 15(4):368\u2013373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsams.2011.12.007","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"7288_CR17","unstructured":"Field AP, Miles J, Field Z (2012) Discovering statistics using R: and sex and drugs and rock \u2018n\u2019 roll. Sage"},{"issue":"45","key":"7288_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7511","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1373-23.2023","volume":"43","author":"J Fooken","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fooken J, Baltaretu BR, Barany DA, Diaz G, Semrau JA, Singh T, Crawford JD (2023) Perceptual-cognitive integration for goal-directed action in naturalistic environments. J Neurosci 43(45):7511\u20137522. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1373-23.2023","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"7288_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2787","volume":"11","author":"K Friston","year":"2010","unstructured":"Friston K (2010) The free-energy principle: a unified brain theory? Nat Rev Neurosci 11(2):127\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn2787","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"7288_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.10.018","volume":"72","author":"K Friston","year":"2011","unstructured":"Friston K (2011) What is optimal about motor control? Neuron 72(3):488\u2013498. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.10.018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"2","key":"7288_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4214","volume":"19","author":"JP Gallivan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gallivan JP, Logan L, Wolpert DM, Flanagan JR (2016) Parallel specification of competing sensorimotor control policies for alternative action options. Nat Neurosci 19(2):320\u2013326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.4214","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"9","key":"7288_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-018-0045-9","volume":"19","author":"JP Gallivan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gallivan JP, Chapman CS, Wolpert DM, Flanagan JR (2018) Decision-making in sensorimotor control. Nat Rev Neurosci 19(9):519\u2013534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41583-018-0045-9","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"7288_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31818efe29","volume":"23","author":"E Gillet","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gillet E, Leroy D, Thouvarecq R, Stein J-F (2009) A notational analysis of elite tennis serve and serve-return strategies on slow surface. J Strength Cond Res 23(2):532\u2013539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31818efe29","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"7288_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.09.034","volume":"131","author":"J Gordon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gordon J, Maselli A, Lancia GL, Thiery T, Cisek P, Pezzulo G (2021) The road towards understanding embodied decisions. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 131:722\u2013736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.09.034","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"45","key":"7288_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15135","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1329-15.2015","volume":"35","author":"T Grent, t-Jong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grent, t-Jong T, Oostenveld R, Medendorp WP, Praamstra P (2015) Separating visual and motor components of motor cortex activation for multiple reach targets: a visuomotor adaptation study. J Neurosci 35(45):15135\u201315144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1329-15.2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"7288_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00149.2022","volume":"128","author":"E Griessbach","year":"2022","unstructured":"Griessbach E, Rassbach P, Herbort O, Ca\u00f1al-Bruland R (2022) Embodied decisions during walking. J Neurophysiol 128(5):1207\u20131223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00149.2022","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"7288_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004171","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004171","volume":"11","author":"AM Haith","year":"2015","unstructured":"Haith AM, Huberdeau DM, Krakauer JW (2015) Hedging your bets: intermediate movements as optimal behavior in the context of an incomplete decision. PLoS Comput Biol 11(3):e1004171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004171","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7288_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22098","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26544-w","volume":"12","author":"DJ Harris","year":"2022","unstructured":"Harris DJ, Arthur T, Vine SJ, Liu J, Abd Rahman HR, Han F, Wilson MR (2022) Task-evoked pupillary responses track precision-weighted prediction errors and learning rate during interceptive visuomotor actions. Sci Rep 12(1):22098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-26544-w","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"7288_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03212979","volume":"7","author":"A Heathcote","year":"2000","unstructured":"Heathcote A, Brown S (2000) The power law repealed: the case for an exponential law of practice. Psychon Bull Rev 7:185\u2013207","journal-title":"Psychon Bull Rev"},{"key":"7288_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2019.101607","volume":"46","author":"F Helm","year":"2020","unstructured":"Helm F, Ca\u00f1al-Bruland R, Mann DL, Troje NF, Munzert J (2020) Integrating situational probability and kinematic information when anticipating disguised movements. Psychol Sport Exerc 46:101607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2019.101607","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"5","key":"7288_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3034","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00858.2007","volume":"98","author":"TE Hudson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hudson TE, Maloney LT, Landy MS (2007) Movement planning with probabilistic target information. J Neurophysiol 98(5):3034\u20133046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00858.2007","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"7288_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2022.07.008","volume":"26","author":"A Ibanez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ibanez A (2022) The mind\u2019s golden cage and cognition in the wild. Trends Cogn Sci 26(12):1031\u20131034. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2022.07.008","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"7288_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2020.101744","volume":"50","author":"RC Jackson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jackson RC, Barton H, Bishop DT (2020) Knowledge is power? Outcome probability information impairs detection of deceptive intent. Psychol Sport Exerc 50:101744. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2020.101744","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"key":"7288_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.55.090902.142005","volume":"55","author":"D Kersten","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kersten D, Mamassian P, Yuille A (2004) Object perception as Bayesian inference. Ann Rev Psychol 55:271\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.psych.55.090902.142005","journal-title":"Ann Rev Psychol"},{"key":"7288_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-010419-051053","volume":"72","author":"HE Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim HE, Avraham G, Ivry RB (2021) The psychology of reaching: action selection, movement implementation, and sensorimotor learning. Ann Rev Psychol 72:61\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-psych-010419-051053","journal-title":"Ann Rev Psychol"},{"issue":"5850","key":"7288_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1142998","volume":"318","author":"K K\u00f6rding","year":"2007","unstructured":"K\u00f6rding K (2007) Decision theory: what should the nervous system do? Science 318(5850):606\u2013610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1142998","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7","key":"7288_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2006.05.003","volume":"10","author":"KP K\u00f6rding","year":"2006","unstructured":"K\u00f6rding KP, Wolpert DM (2006) Bayesian decision theory in sensorimotor control. Trends Cogn Sci 10(7):319\u2013326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2006.05.003","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"7288_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-015-0956-8","volume":"77","author":"SN Lanthier","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lanthier SN, Wu DWL, Chapman CS, Kingstone A (2015) Resolving the controversy of the proportion validity effect: volitional attention is not required, but may have an effect. Atten Percept Psychophys 77(8):2611\u20132621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-015-0956-8","journal-title":"Atten Percept Psychophys"},{"issue":"1","key":"7288_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25219","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-10319-0","volume":"15","author":"E Lavoie","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lavoie E, Hebert JS, Chapman CS (2025) How a lack of haptic feedback affects eye-hand coordination and embodiment in virtual reality. Sci Rep 15(1):25219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-10319-0","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"7288_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004110","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004110","volume":"11","author":"NF Lepora","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lepora NF, Pezzulo G (2015) Embodied choice: how action influences perceptual decision making. PLoS Comput Biol 11(4):e1004110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004110","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"7288_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2017.03.008","volume":"16","author":"F Loffing","year":"2017","unstructured":"Loffing F, Ca\u00f1al-Bruland R (2017) Anticipation in sport. Curr Opin Psychol 16:6\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.copsyc.2017.03.008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7288_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.2013-0082","volume":"36","author":"F Loffing","year":"2014","unstructured":"Loffing F, Hagemann N (2014) On-court position influences skilled tennis players\u2019 anticipation of shot outcome. J Sport Exerc Psychol 36(1):14\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/jsep.2013-0082","journal-title":"J Sport Exerc Psychol"},{"key":"7288_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2016.08.014","volume":"27","author":"F Loffing","year":"2016","unstructured":"Loffing F, S\u00f6lter F, Hagemann N, Strauss B (2016) On-court position and handedness in visual anticipation of stroke direction in tennis. Psychol Sport Exerc 27:195\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2016.08.014","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"6","key":"7288_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00088.2023","volume":"129","author":"M Mangalam","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mangalam M, Yarossi M, Furmanek MP, Krakauer JW, Tunik E (2023) Investigating and acquiring motor expertise using virtual reality. J Neurophysiol 129(6):1482\u20131491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00088.2023","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"7288_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2014.07.004","volume":"152","author":"DL Mann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mann DL, Schaefers T, Ca\u00f1al-Bruland R (2014) Action preferences and the anticipation of action outcomes. Acta Psychol 152:1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2014.07.004","journal-title":"Acta Psychol"},{"key":"7288_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plrev.2023.07.006","volume":"46","author":"A Maselli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maselli A, Gordon J, Eluchans M, Lancia GL, Thiery T, Moretti R, Cisek P, Pezzulo G (2023) Beyond simple laboratory studies: developing sophisticated models to study rich behavior. Phys Life Rev 46:220\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.plrev.2023.07.006","journal-title":"Phys Life Rev"},{"key":"7288_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2025.102915","volume":"80","author":"A Maselli","year":"2025","unstructured":"Maselli A, Iodice P, Cisek P, Pezzulo G (2025) Embodied decision making in athletes and other animals. Psychol Sport Exerc 80:102915. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2025.102915","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"key":"7288_CR48","volume-title":"Analysis and coordination of mixed-criticality cyber-physical systems","author":"S Maurer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maurer S (2018) Analysis and coordination of mixed-criticality cyber-physical systems. University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom"},{"issue":"2","key":"7288_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0451","volume":"17","author":"AK McKay","year":"2021","unstructured":"McKay AK, Stellingwerff T, Smith ES, Martin DT, Mujika I, Goosey-Tolfrey VL, Burke LM (2021) Defining training and performance caliber: a participant classification framework. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 17(2):317\u2013331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0451","journal-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform"},{"issue":"17","key":"7288_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2019.1609392","volume":"37","author":"S Mecheri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mecheri S, Laffaye G, Triolet C, Leroy D, Dicks M, Choukou MA, Benguigui N (2019) Relationship between split-step timing and leg stiffness in world-class tennis players when returning fast serves. J Sports Sci 37(17):1962\u20131971. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02640414.2019.1609392","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"issue":"16","key":"7288_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2014.07.013","volume":"24","author":"E Misirlisoy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Misirlisoy E, Haggard P (2014) Asymmetric predictability and cognitive competition in football penalty shootouts. Curr Biol 24(16):1918\u20131922. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2014.07.013","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7288_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1037\/xap0000094","volume":"22","author":"CP Murphy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Murphy CP, Jackson RC, Cooke K, Roca A, Benguigui N, Williams AM (2016) Contextual information and perceptual-cognitive expertise in a dynamic, temporally-constrained task. J Experimental Psychology: Appl 22(4):455\u2013470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/xap0000094","journal-title":"J Experimental Psychology: Appl"},{"issue":"10","key":"7288_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.1177\/1747021817739201","volume":"71","author":"CP Murphy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Murphy CP, Jackson RC, Williams AM (2018) The role of contextual information during skilled anticipation. Q J Experimental Psychol 71(10):2070\u20132087. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1747021817739201","journal-title":"Q J Experimental Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"7288_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3063-13.2014","volume":"34","author":"JY Nashed","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nashed JY, Crevecoeur F, Scott SH (2014) Rapid online selection between multiple motor plans. J Neurosci 34(5):1769\u20131780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3063-13.2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"7288_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.7352\/IJSP","volume":"44","author":"JA Navia","year":"2013","unstructured":"Navia JA, van der Kamp J, Ruiz LM (2013) On the use of situational and body information in goalkeeper actions during a soccer penalty kick. Int J Sport Psycol 44(3):234\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7352\/IJSP 2013.43.000","journal-title":"Int J Sport Psycol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7288_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2013.785598","volume":"14","author":"MJJ Nieminen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nieminen MJJ, Piirainen JM, Salmi JA, Linnamo V (2013) Effects of neuromuscular function and split step on reaction speed in simulated tennis response. Eur J Sport Sci 14(4):318\u2013326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17461391.2013.785598","journal-title":"Eur J Sport Sci"},{"issue":"19","key":"7288_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7083","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5681-10.2011","volume":"31","author":"A Pastor-Bernier","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pastor-Bernier A, Cisek P (2011) Neural correlates of biased competition in premotor cortex. J Neurosci 31(19):7083\u20137088. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5681-10.2011","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"7288_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2016.03.013","volume":"20","author":"G Pezzulo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pezzulo G, Cisek P (2016) Navigating the affordance landscape: feedback control as a process model of behavior and cognition. Trends Cogn Sci 20(6):414\u2013424. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2016.03.013","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"7288_CR58","unstructured":"Pinheiro J (2009) nlme: linear and nonlinear mixed effects models. R package version 3.1\u201396. http:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/nlme\/"},{"issue":"7","key":"7288_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.5273-11.2012","volume":"32","author":"LPJ Selen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Selen LPJ, Shadlen MN, Wolpert DM (2012) Deliberation in the motor system: reflex gains track evolving evidence leading to a decision. J Neurosci 32(7):2276\u20132286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.5273-11.2012","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"14","key":"7288_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.05.065","volume":"26","author":"R Shadmehr","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shadmehr R, Huang, Helen J, Ahmed AA (2016) A representation of effort in decision-making and motor control. Curr Biol 26(14):1929\u20131934. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2016.05.065","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7288_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-6870(03)00040-1","volume":"34","author":"G Shan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shan G, Bohn C (2003) Anthropometrical data and coefficients of regression related to gender and race. Appl Ergon 34(4):327\u2013337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0003-6870(03)00040-1","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"issue":"6","key":"7288_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2021.02.008","volume":"25","author":"JC Snow","year":"2021","unstructured":"Snow JC, Culham JC (2021) The treachery of images: how realism influences brain and behavior. Trends Cogn Sci 25(6):506\u2013519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2021.02.008","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"7288_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6918(69)90055-9","volume":"30","author":"S Sternberg","year":"1969","unstructured":"Sternberg S (1969) The discovery of processing stages: extensions of Donders\u2019 method. Acta Psychol 30:276\u2013315","journal-title":"Acta Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7288_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-021-04481-7","volume":"325","author":"P Tea","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tea P, Swartz TB (2022) The analysis of serve decisions in tennis using Bayesian hierarchical models. Ann Oper Res 325(1):633\u2013648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10479-021-04481-7","journal-title":"Ann Oper Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"7288_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2006.05.009","volume":"10","author":"JB Tenenbaum","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tenenbaum JB, Griffiths TL, Kemp C (2006) Theory-based Bayesian models of inductive learning and reasoning. Trends Cogn Sci 10(7):309\u2013318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2006.05.009","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"7288_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.01.031","volume":"81","author":"D Thura","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thura D, Cisek P (2014) Deliberation and commitment in the premotor and primary motor cortex during dynamic decision making. Neuron 81(6):1401\u20131416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.01.031","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"12","key":"7288_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3001861","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001861","volume":"20","author":"D Thura","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thura D, Cabana J-F, Feghaly A, Cisek P (2022) Integrated neural dynamics of sensorimotor decisions and actions. PLoS Biol 20(12):e3001861. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001861","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"issue":"11","key":"7288_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1038\/nn963","volume":"5","author":"E Todorov","year":"2002","unstructured":"Todorov E, Jordan MI (2002) Optimal feedback control as a theory of motor coordination. Nat Neurosci 5(11):1226\u20131235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn963","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"7288_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2012.759658","volume":"31","author":"C Triolet","year":"2013","unstructured":"Triolet C, Benguigui N, Le Runigo C, Williams AM (2013) Quantifying the nature of anticipation in professional tennis. J Sports Sci 31(8):820\u2013830. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02640414.2012.759658","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"issue":"17","key":"7288_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4085","DOI":"10.1113\/JP287037","volume":"602","author":"J Tsay","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tsay J, Steadman N, Fleming M, Gann M, Di Giulio I, Graef C, Han J, Jayasinghe K, Mitchell M, Chen R, Raheel K, Semedo E, Simpetru R, Utami KP, Williams A, Zhu Z, Stagg C, Haar S (2024) Bridging the gap between experimental control and ecological validity in human sensorimotor science. J Physiol 602(17):4085\u20134087. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/JP287037","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"7288_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410903233222","volume":"27","author":"R Uzu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Uzu R, Shinya M, Oda S (2009) A split-step shortens the time to perform a choice reaction step-and-reach movement in a simulated tennis task. J Sports Sci 27(12):1233\u20131240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02640410903233222","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"issue":"1424","key":"7288_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2002.1101","volume":"357","author":"RJ van Beers","year":"2002","unstructured":"van Beers RJ, Baraduc P, Wolpert DM (2002) Role of uncertainty in sensorimotor control. Philosophical Trans Royal Soc Lond Ser B: Biol Sci 357(1424):1137\u20131145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2002.1101","journal-title":"Philosophical Trans Royal Soc Lond Ser B: Biol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"7288_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(87)90168-8","volume":"28","author":"M Weber","year":"1987","unstructured":"Weber M (1987) Decision making with incomplete information. Eur J Oper Res 28(1):44\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0377-2217(87)90168-8","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"7288_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2018.11.014","volume":"42","author":"AM Williams","year":"2019","unstructured":"Williams AM, Jackson RC (2019) Anticipation in sport: fifty years on, what have we learned and what research still needs to be undertaken? Psychol Sport Exerc 42:16\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2018.11.014","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"18","key":"7288_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R729","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(01)00432-8","volume":"11","author":"DM Wolpert","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wolpert DM, Flanagan JR (2001) Motor prediction. Curr Biol 11(18):R729\u2013R732","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"7288_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2012.05.003","volume":"22","author":"DM Wolpert","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wolpert DM, Landy MS (2012) Motor control is decision-making. Curr Opin Neurobiol 22(6):996\u20131003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conb.2012.05.003","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"issue":"5232","key":"7288_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7569931","volume":"269","author":"DM Wolpert","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wolpert DM, Ghahramani Z, Jordan MI (1995) An internal model for sensorimotor integration. Science 269(5232):1880\u20131882. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.7569931","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"7288_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/00222895.2018.1440523","volume":"51","author":"H Yamamoto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yamamoto H, Shinya M, Kudo K (2019) Cognitive bias for the distribution of ball landing positions in amateur tennis players (cognitive bias for the motor variance in tennis). J Mot Behav 51(2):141\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00222895.2018.1440523","journal-title":"J Mot Behav"},{"issue":"8","key":"7288_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2672","volume":"10","author":"K Yarrow","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yarrow K, Brown P, Krakauer JW (2009) Inside the brain of an elite athlete: the neural processes that support high achievement in sports. Nat Rev Neurosci 10(8):585\u2013596. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn2672","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"7","key":"7288_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2006.05.002","volume":"10","author":"A Yuille","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yuille A, Kersten D (2006) Vision as Bayesian inference: analysis by synthesis? Trends Cogn Sci 10(7):301\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2006.05.002","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"7288_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20252296","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2025.2296","volume":"293","author":"S Zahno","year":"2026","unstructured":"Zahno S, Beck D, Hossner E-J, Kording K (2026) Humans can learn bimodal priors in complex sensorimotor behaviour. Proc R Soc B Biol Sci 293:20252296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspb.2025.2296","journal-title":"Proc R Soc B Biol Sci"}],"container-title":["Experimental Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00221-026-07288-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00221-026-07288-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00221-026-07288-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T13:49:27Z","timestamp":1783950567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00221-026-07288-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["7288"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-026-07288-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4819","1432-1106"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4819","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1106","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors report no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"92"}}