{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T11:40:59Z","timestamp":1793014859677,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]],"date-time":"2020-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595635200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]],"date-time":"2020-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Calcif Tissue Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-020-00729-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]],"date-time":"2020-07-25T07:02:46Z","timestamp":1595660566000},"page":"32-40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Role of Phosphate in Biomineralization"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Sanjay Kumar","family":"Bhadada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2200-1800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudhaker D.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"729_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-018-0076-3","volume":"14","author":"S Chande","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chande S, Bergwitz C (2018) Role of phosphate sensing in bone and mineral metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol 14(11):637\u2013655. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-018-0076-3","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"729_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-012-2175-z","volume":"27","author":"M Goretti Penido","year":"2012","unstructured":"Goretti Penido M, Alon US (2012) Phosphate homeostasis and its role in bone health. Pediatr Nephrol (Berlin, Germany) 27(11):2039\u20132048. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-012-2175-z","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol (Berlin, Germany)"},{"issue":"4","key":"729_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00022.2017","volume":"98","author":"T Michigami","year":"2018","unstructured":"Michigami T, Kawai M, Yamazaki M, Ozono K (2018) Phosphate as a signaling molecule and its sensing mechanism. Physiol Rev 98(4):2317\u20132348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00022.2017","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"5 Suppl 1","key":"729_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438s","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2011.10719988","volume":"30","author":"JP Bonjour","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bonjour JP (2011) Calcium and phosphate: a duet of ions playing for bone health. J Am Coll Nutr 30(5 Suppl 1):438s\u2013448s. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07315724.2011.10719988","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"issue":"3\u20135","key":"729_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2006.12.090","volume":"103","author":"HS Tenenhouse","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tenenhouse HS (2007) Phosphate transport: molecular basis, regulation and pathophysiology. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 103(3\u20135):572\u2013577. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2006.12.090","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"729_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.5306\/wjco.v6.i6.198","volume":"6","author":"L Sapio","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sapio L, Naviglio S (2015) Inorganic phosphate in the development and treatment of cancer: a Janus Bifrons? World J Clin Oncol 6(6):198\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5306\/wjco.v6.i6.198","journal-title":"World J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"729_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2019.24.4.213","volume":"24","author":"T Michigami","year":"2019","unstructured":"Michigami T (2019) Skeletal mineralization: mechanisms and diseases. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 24(4):213\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6065\/apem.2019.24.4.213","journal-title":"Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"729_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-102108-134242","volume":"43","author":"K Kawasaki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kawasaki K, Buchanan AV, Weiss KM (2009) Biomineralization in humans: making the hard choices in life. Annu Rev Genet 43:119\u2013142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-genet-102108-134242","journal-title":"Annu Rev Genet"},{"key":"729_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4743","DOI":"10.2147\/ijn.S107624","volume":"11","author":"EA Abou Neel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abou Neel EA, Aljabo A, Strange A, Ibrahim S, Coathup M, Young AM, Bozec L, Mudera V (2016) Demineralization\u2013remineralization dynamics in teeth and bone. Int J Nanomed 11:4743\u20134763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/ijn.S107624","journal-title":"Int J Nanomed"},{"key":"729_CR10","first-page":"124","volume":"8","author":"A Bhan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bhan A, Qiu SJ, Rao SD (2018) Bone histomorphometry in the evaluation of osteomalacia. Bone Rep 8:124\u2013135","journal-title":"Bone Rep"},{"key":"729_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00460-X","volume":"108","author":"B Basha","year":"2000","unstructured":"Basha B, Rao DS, Han ZH, Parfitt AM (2000) Osteomalacia due to vitamin D depletion: a neglected consequence of intestinal malabsorption. Am J Med 108:296\u2013300","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"729_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17044","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.44","volume":"3","author":"S Minisola","year":"2017","unstructured":"Minisola S, Peacock M, Fukumoto S, Cipriani C, Pepe J, Tella SH, Collins MT (2017) Tumour-induced osteomalacia. Nat Rev Dis Primers 3:17044. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2017.44","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"8","key":"729_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3221","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1521","volume":"98","author":"KJ Claes","year":"2013","unstructured":"Claes KJ, Viaene L, Heye S, Meijers B, d'Haese P, Evenepoel P (2013) Sclerostin: another vascular calcification inhibitor? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98(8):3221\u20133228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2013-1521","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"729_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-14-219","volume":"14","author":"VM Brandenburg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brandenburg VM, Kramann R, Koos R, Kruger T, Schurgers L, Muhlenbruch G, Hubner S, Gladziwa U, Drechsler C, Ketteler M (2013) Relationship between sclerostin and cardiovascular calcification in hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol 14:219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2369-14-219","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"729_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2015.00051","volume":"3","author":"SV Komarova","year":"2015","unstructured":"Komarova SV, Safranek L, Gopalakrishnan J, Ou MJ, McKee MD, Murshed M, Rauch F, Zuhr E (2015) Mathematical model for bone mineralization. Front Cell Dev Biol 3:51. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2015.00051","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"47","key":"729_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7460","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TB02011J","volume":"7","author":"EAB Hughes","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hughes EAB, Robinson TE, Bassett DB, Cox SC, Grover LM (2019) Critical and diverse roles of phosphates in human bone formation. J Mater Chem B 7(47):7460\u20137470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C9TB02011J","journal-title":"J Mater Chem B"},{"issue":"9","key":"729_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2014.05.024","volume":"10","author":"N Reznikov","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reznikov N, Shahar R, Weiner S (2014) Bone hierarchical structure in three dimensions. Acta Biomater 10(9):3815\u20133826. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actbio.2014.05.024","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"issue":"7","key":"729_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10202","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm4.10202","volume":"3","author":"S Dillon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dillon S, Staines KA, Millan JL, Farquharson C (2019) How to build a bone: PHOSPHO1, biomineralization, and beyond. JBMR Plus 3(7):e10202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbm4.10202","journal-title":"JBMR Plus"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"729_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-008-9788-3","volume":"315","author":"H Orimo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Orimo H, Shimada T (2008) The role of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase in the phosphate-induced activation of alkaline phosphatase and mineralization in SaOS-2 human osteoblast-like cells. Mol Cell Biochem 315(1\u20132):51\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11010-008-9788-3","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"729_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-017-0259-2","volume":"101","author":"C Halling Linder","year":"2017","unstructured":"Halling Linder C, Ek-Rylander B, Krumpel M, Norgard M, Narisawa S, Millan JL, Andersson G, Magnusson P (2017) Bone alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase: potential co-regulators of bone mineralization. Calcif Tissue Int 101(1):92\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00223-017-0259-2","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"729_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30426-7","volume":"8","author":"P Florenzano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Florenzano P, Cipriani C, Roszko KL, Fukumoto S, Collins MT, Minisola S, Pepe J (2020) Approach to patients with hypophosphataemia. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 8(2):163\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30426-7","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"729_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-018-1646-0","volume":"149","author":"T Hasegawa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hasegawa T (2018) Ultrastructure and biological function of matrix vesicles in bone mineralization. Histochem Cell Biol 149(4):289\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00418-018-1646-0","journal-title":"Histochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"729_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2016.02.003","volume":"52\u201354","author":"SC Chaudhary","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chaudhary SC, Kuzynski M, Bottini M, Beniash E, Dokland T, Mobley CG, Yadav MC, Poliard A, Kellermann O, Millan JL, Napierala D (2016) Phosphate induces formation of matrix vesicles during odontoblast-initiated mineralization in vitro. Matrix Biol J Int Soc Matrix Biol 52\u201354:284\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matbio.2016.02.003","journal-title":"Matrix Biol J Int Soc Matrix Biol"},{"issue":"13","key":"729_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2874","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcb.9b00728","volume":"123","author":"J Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang J, Wang L, Putnis CV (2019) Underlying role of brushite in pathological mineralization of hydroxyapatite. J Phys Chem B 123(13):2874\u20132881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jpcb.9b00728","journal-title":"J Phys Chem B"},{"key":"729_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2016.04.007","volume":"87","author":"L Cui","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cui L, Houston DA, Farquharson C, MacRae VE (2016) Characterisation of matrix vesicles in skeletal and soft tissue mineralisation. Bone 87:147\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2016.04.007","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"2","key":"729_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1974.226.2.345","volume":"226","author":"JE Wergedal","year":"1974","unstructured":"Wergedal JE, Baylink DJ (1974) Electron microprobe measurements of bone mineralization rate in vivo. Am J Physiol 226(2):345\u2013352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajplegacy.1974.226.2.345","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"729_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.158","volume":"101","author":"X Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang X, Huang X, Ma M (2017) Role of phosphorylation of phosvitin in the phase transformation of mineralization. Int J Biol Macromol 101:712\u2013718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.158","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"issue":"1","key":"729_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19253-w","volume":"8","author":"AA Poundarik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Poundarik AA, Boskey A, Gundberg C, Vashishth D (2018) Biomolecular regulation, composition and nanoarchitecture of bone mineral. Sci Rep 8(1):1191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-19253-w","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"729_CR29","unstructured":"Parfitt AM (1992) Human bone mineralization studied by in vivo tetracycline labeling: application to the pathophysiology of osteomalacia. In: Excerpta medica international congress, 4th international symposium on chemistry and biology of mineralized tissues, Coronado Peninsula, California, pp 465\u2013474"},{"issue":"21","key":"729_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3933","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.139253","volume":"143","author":"A Ben Shoham","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ben Shoham A, Rot C, Stern T, Krief S, Akiva A, Dadosh T, Sabany H, Lu Y, Kadler KE, Zelzer E (2016) Deposition of collagen type I onto skeletal endothelium reveals a new role for blood vessels in regulating bone morphology. Development 143(21):3933\u20133943. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.139253","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"729_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-7758-0_21","volume":"103","author":"C Velentzas","year":"1978","unstructured":"Velentzas C, Meindok H, Oreopoulos DG, Meema HE, Rabinovich S, Jones M, Sutton D, Rapoport A, deVeber GA (1978) Visceral calcification and the CaXP product. Adv Exp Med Biol 103:195\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4684-7758-0_21","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"729_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2016.09.010","volume":"100","author":"RG Erben","year":"2017","unstructured":"Erben RG, Andrukhova O (2017) FGF23-Klotho signaling axis in the kidney. Bone 100:62\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2016.09.010","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"1","key":"729_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-015-0705-z","volume":"34","author":"S Tatsumi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tatsumi S, Miyagawa A, Kaneko I, Shiozaki Y, Segawa H, Miyamoto K (2016) Regulation of renal phosphate handling: inter-organ communication in health and disease. J Bone Miner Metab 34(1):1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00774-015-0705-z","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"729_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00180","volume":"10","author":"T Michigami","year":"2019","unstructured":"Michigami T, Ozono K (2019) Roles of phosphate in skeleton. Front Endocrinol 10:180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2019.00180","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10","key":"729_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3750","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1315","volume":"155","author":"ES Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu ES, Zalutskaya A, Chae BT, Zhu ED, Gori F, Demay MB (2014) Phosphate interacts with PTHrP to regulate endochondral bone formation. Endocrinology 155(10):3750\u20133756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2014-1315","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"24","key":"729_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18270","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.098616","volume":"285","author":"SU Miedlich","year":"2010","unstructured":"Miedlich SU, Zalutskaya A, Zhu ED, Demay MB (2010) Phosphate-induced apoptosis of hypertrophic chondrocytes is associated with a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and is dependent upon Erk1\/2 phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 285(24):18270\u201318275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M109.098616","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"729_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.113.1.59","volume":"113","author":"MF Carlevaro","year":"2000","unstructured":"Carlevaro MF, Cermelli S, Cancedda R, Descalzi Cancedda F (2000) Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cartilage neovascularization and chondrocyte differentiation: auto-paracrine role during endochondral bone formation. J Cell Sci 113(Pt 1):59\u201369","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"issue":"27","key":"729_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9637","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502249102","volume":"102","author":"Y Sabbagh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sabbagh Y, Carpenter TO, Demay MB (2005) Hypophosphatemia leads to rickets by impairing caspase-mediated apoptosis of hypertrophic chondrocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102(27):9637\u20139642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0502249102","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"9","key":"729_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3691","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-220454","volume":"143","author":"MM Donohue","year":"2002","unstructured":"Donohue MM, Demay MB (2002) Rickets in VDR null mice is secondary to decreased apoptosis of hypertrophic chondrocytes. Endocrinology 143(9):3691\u20133694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2002-220454","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"6937","key":"729_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01657","volume":"423","author":"HM Kronenberg","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kronenberg HM (2003) Developmental regulation of the growth plate. Nature 423(6937):332\u2013336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature01657","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"729_CR41","first-page":"1298","volume-title":"Williams textbook of endocrinology","author":"A Bhan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bhan A, Rao AD, Bhadada SK, Rao DS (2020) Rickets and osteomalacia. In: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ (eds) Williams textbook of endocrinology, 14th edn. Elsevier, Philadelphia, pp 1298\u20131317","edition":"14"},{"issue":"4","key":"729_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-009-0079-1","volume":"27","author":"D Tiosano","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tiosano D, Hochberg Z (2009) Hypophosphatemia: the common denominator of all rickets. J Bone Miner Metab 27(4):392\u2013401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00774-009-0079-1","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"729_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-012-2347-x","volume":"28","author":"R Shroff","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shroff R (2013) Phosphate is a vascular toxin. Pediatr Nephrol (Berlin, Germany) 28(4):583\u2013593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-012-2347-x","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol (Berlin, Germany)"},{"key":"729_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2016.11.012","volume":"100","author":"S Yamada","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yamada S, Giachelli CM (2017) Vascular calcification in CKD-MBD: roles for phosphate, FGF23, and Klotho. Bone 100:87\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2016.11.012","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"6","key":"729_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00664.x","volume":"65","author":"J Floege","year":"2004","unstructured":"Floege J (2004) When man turns to stone: extraosseous calcification in uremic patients. Kidney Int 65(6):2447\u20132462. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00664.x","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"729_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.234914","volume":"109","author":"CM Shanahan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shanahan CM, Crouthamel MH, Kapustin A, Giachelli CM, Towler DA (2011) Arterial calcification in chronic kidney disease: key roles for calcium and phosphate. Circ Res 109(6):697\u2013711. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.234914","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"729_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108326","volume":"57","author":"AC Alfrey","year":"1976","unstructured":"Alfrey AC, Solomons CC, Ciricillo J, Miller NL (1976) Extraosseous calcification. Evidence for abnormal pyrophosphate metabolism in uremia. J Clin Investig 57(3):692\u2013699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI108326","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"issue":"9","key":"729_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2008.644","volume":"75","author":"CM Giachelli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Giachelli CM (2009) The emerging role of phosphate in vascular calcification. Kidney Int 75(9):890\u2013897. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ki.2008.644","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"729_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F891","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00163.2014","volume":"307","author":"NJ Paloian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paloian NJ, Giachelli CM (2014) A current understanding of vascular calcification in CKD. Am J Physiol Ren Physiol 307(8):F891\u2013F900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajprenal.00163.2014","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Ren Physiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"729_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.2010040349","volume":"21","author":"AS Pai","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pai AS, Giachelli CM (2010) Matrix remodeling in vascular calcification associated with chronic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol JASN 21(10):1637\u20131640. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/asn.2010040349","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol JASN"},{"issue":"11","key":"729_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2857","DOI":"10.1097\/01.Asn.0000141960.01035.28","volume":"15","author":"JL Reynolds","year":"2004","unstructured":"Reynolds JL, Joannides AJ, Skepper JN, McNair R, Schurgers LJ, Proudfoot D, Jahnen-Dechent W, Weissberg PL, Shanahan CM (2004) Human vascular smooth muscle cells undergo vesicle-mediated calcification in response to changes in extracellular calcium and phosphate concentrations: a potential mechanism for accelerated vascular calcification in ESRD. J Am Soc Nephrol JASN 15(11):2857\u20132867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.Asn.0000141960.01035.28","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol JASN"},{"issue":"6","key":"729_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-009-9297-8","volume":"85","author":"N Hosaka","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hosaka N, Mizobuchi M, Ogata H, Kumata C, Kondo F, Koiwa F, Kinugasa E, Akizawa T (2009) Elastin degradation accelerates phosphate-induced mineralization of vascular smooth muscle cells. Calcif Tissue Int 85(6):523\u2013529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00223-009-9297-8","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"729_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1528-y","volume":"22","author":"F Barvencik","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barvencik F, Beil FT, Gebauer M, Busse B, Koehne T, Seitz S, Zustin J, Pogoda P, Schinke T, Amling M (2011) Skeletal mineralization defects in adult hypophosphatasia\u2014a clinical and histological analysis. Osteoporos Int 22(10):2667\u20132675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-011-1528-y","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"729_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-016-0303-6","volume":"14","author":"FR Singer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singer FR (2016) Bone quality in Paget\u2019s disease of bone. Curr Osteoporos Rep 14(2):39\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11914-016-0303-6","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"729_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.7.1235","volume":"18","author":"A Corsi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Corsi A, Collins MT, Riminucci M, Howell PG, Boyde A, Robey PG, Bianco P (2003) Osteomalacic and hyperparathyroid changes in fibrous dysplasia of bone: core biopsy studies and clinical correlations. J Bone Miner Res 18(7):1235\u20131246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.7.1235","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"729_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-3055","volume":"102","author":"SK Bhadada","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhadada SK, Dhiman V, Mukherjee S, Aggarwal S, Bal A, Sukumar SP, Sood A, Sharma DC, Khandelwal N, Bhansali A, Van Hul W, Rao SD (2017) Fibrogenesis imperfecta ossium and response to human growth hormone: a potential therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 102(5):1750\u20131756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2016-3055","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"729_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17052","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.52","volume":"3","author":"JC Marini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marini JC, Forlino A, Bachinger HP, Bishop NJ, Byers PH, Paepe A, Fassier F, Fratzl-Zelman N, Kozloff KM, Krakow D, Montpetit K, Semler O (2017) Osteogenesis imperfecta. Nat Rev Dis Primers 3:17052. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2017.52","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"313","key":"729_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.morpho.2012.08.001","volume":"96","author":"E Hoppe","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hoppe E, Masson C, Laffitte A, Chappard D, Audran M (2012) Osteomalacia in a patient with Paget\u2019s bone disease treated with long-term etidronate. Morphologie: bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes 96(313):40\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.morpho.2012.08.001","journal-title":"Morphologie: bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes"},{"key":"729_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980050087","volume":"8","author":"R Balena","year":"1998","unstructured":"Balena R, Kleerekoper M, Foldes JA, Shih MS, Rao DS, Schober HC, Parfitt AM (1998) Effects of different regimens of sodium fluoride treatment for osteoporosis on the structure, remodeling and mineralization of bone. Osteoporos Int 8:428\u2013435","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"729_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02761130","volume":"65","author":"M Teotia","year":"1998","unstructured":"Teotia M, Teotia SP, Singh KP (1998) Endemic chronic fluoride toxicity and dietary calcium deficiency interaction syndromes of metabolic bone disease and deformities in India. Indian J Pediatr 65:371\u2013381","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"729_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1172\/jci111846","volume":"75","author":"LD Quarles","year":"1985","unstructured":"Quarles LD, Dennis VW, Gitelman HJ, Harrelson JM, Drezner MK (1985) Aluminum deposition at the osteoid\u2013bone interface. An epiphenomenon of the osteomalacic state in vitamin D-deficient dogs. J Clin Invest 75(5):1441\u20131447. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci111846","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"729_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-5206-8_35","volume":"208","author":"AM Parfitt","year":"1986","unstructured":"Parfitt AM, Rao DS, Stanciu J, Villanueva AR (1986) Comparison of aluminum related with vitamin D related osteomalacia by tetracycline based bone histomorphometry. Adv Exp Med Biol 208:283\u2013287","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"729_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230390241990","volume":"31","author":"S Matsushima","year":"2003","unstructured":"Matsushima S, Torii M, Ozaki K, Narama I (2003) Iron lactate-induced osteomalacia in association with osteoblast dynamics. Toxicol Pathol 31(6):646\u2013654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01926230390241990","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"key":"729_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2004.02.016","volume":"35","author":"AM Parfitt","year":"2004","unstructured":"Parfitt AM, Qiu S, Rao DS (2004) The mineralization index\u2014a new approach to the histomorphometric appraisal of osteomalacia. Bone 35:320\u2013325","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"5","key":"729_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02555911","volume":"47","author":"A Chines","year":"1990","unstructured":"Chines A, Pacifici R (1990) Antacid and sucralfate-induced hypophosphatemic osteomalacia: a case report and review of the literature. Calcif Tissue Int 47(5):291\u2013295","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"729_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2011.581307","volume":"43","author":"G Fabbriciani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fabbriciani G, de Socio GV, Massarotti M, Ceriani R, Marasini B (2011) Adefovir induced hypophosphatemic osteomalacia. Scand J Infect Dis 43(11\u201312):990\u2013992. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00365548.2011.581307","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"729_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-10014-12627-x","volume":"35","author":"L Mateo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mateo L, Holgado S, Marinoso ML, Perez-Andres R, Bonjoch A, Romeu J, Olive A (2016) Hypophosphatemic osteomalacia induced by tenofovir in HIV-infected patients. Clin Rheumatol 35(5):1271\u20131279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-10014-12627-x","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"729_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.2147\/orr.S138225","volume":"10","author":"V Sansone","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sansone V, Maiorano E, Galluzzo A, Pascale V (2018) Calcific tendinopathy of the shoulder: clinical perspectives into the mechanisms, pathogenesis, and treatment. Orthop Res Rev 10:63\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/orr.S138225","journal-title":"Orthop Res Rev"},{"issue":"26","key":"729_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2575","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1511117","volume":"374","author":"AK Rosenthal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rosenthal AK, Ryan LM (2016) Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease. N Engl J Med 374(26):2575\u20132584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1511117","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"729_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2019.04.031","volume":"132","author":"M Taniwaki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Taniwaki M, Kawamoto K, Yamasaki M, Funaishi K, Matsumoto Y, Matsumoto N, Ohashi N, Hattori N (2019) Severe metastatic pulmonary calcification. Am J Med 132(10):e733\u2013e734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2019.04.031","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"729_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2973","volume":"32","author":"NA Mignemi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mignemi NA, Yuasa M, Baker CE, Moore SN, Ihejirika RC, Oelsner WK, Wallace CS, Yoshii T, Okawa A, Revenko AS, MacLeod AR, Bhattacharjee G, Barnett JV, Schwartz HS, Degen JL, Flick MJ, Cates JM, Schoenecker JG (2017) Plasmin prevents dystrophic calcification after muscle injury. J Bone Miner Res 32(2):294\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.2973","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"729_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.124.1.136","volume":"124","author":"DK Lee","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lee DK, Eiferman RA (2006) Ocular calcifications in primary hyperparathyroidism. Arch Ophthalmol 124(1):136\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archopht.124.1.136","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"729_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj1954.38.457","volume":"38","author":"T Yashiro","year":"1991","unstructured":"Yashiro T, Okamoto T, Tanaka R, Ito K, Hara H, Yamashita T, Kanaji Y, Kodama T, Ito Y, Obara T et al (1991) Prevalence of chondrocalcinosis in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism in Japan. Endocrinol Jpn 38(5):457\u2013464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1507\/endocrj1954.38.457","journal-title":"Endocrinol Jpn"},{"issue":"9","key":"729_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.77.9.569","volume":"77","author":"N Klaassen-Broekema","year":"1993","unstructured":"Klaassen-Broekema N, van Bijsterveld OP (1993) Limbal and corneal calcification in patients with chronic renal failure. Br J Ophthalmol 77(9):569\u2013571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.77.9.569","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"729_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00350536","volume":"16","author":"EM Braunstein","year":"1987","unstructured":"Braunstein EM, Menerey K, Martel W, Swartz R, Fox IH (1987) Radiologic features of a pyrophosphate-like arthropathy associated with long-term dialysis. Skeletal Radiol 16(6):437\u2013441. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00350536","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"729_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-020-01722-y","volume":"21","author":"R Gaisne","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gaisne R, Pere M, Menoyo V, Hourmant M, Larmet-Burgeot D (2020) Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case\u2013control study. BMC Ephrology 21(1):63. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12882-020-01722-y","journal-title":"BMC Ephrology"},{"key":"729_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2019.154049","volume":"103s","author":"AL Lecoq","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lecoq AL, Brandi ML, Linglart A, Kamenicky P (2020) Management of X-linked hypophosphatemia in adults. Metabolism 103s:154049. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.metabol.2019.154049","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"729_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2019.115190","volume":"132","author":"MP Whyte","year":"2020","unstructured":"Whyte MP, Amalnath SD, McAlister WH, McKee MD, Veis DJ, Huskey M, Duan S, Bijanki VN, Alur S, Mumm S (2020) Hypophosphatemic osteosclerosis, hyperostosis, and enthesopathy associated with novel homozygous mutations of DMP1 encoding dentin matrix protein 1 and SPP1 encoding osteopontin: the first digenic SIBLING protein osteopathy? Bone 132:115190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2019.115190","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"6","key":"729_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2018.09.007","volume":"32","author":"G Marcucci","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marcucci G, Cianferotti L, Brandi ML (2018) Clinical presentation and management of hypoparathyroidism. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 32(6):927\u2013939. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beem.2018.09.007","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"729_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2012.04353.x","volume":"77","author":"R Goswami","year":"2012","unstructured":"Goswami R, Sharma R, Sreenivas V, Gupta N, Ganapathy A, Das S (2012) Prevalence and progression of basal ganglia calcification and its pathogenic mechanism in patients with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 77(2):200\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2012.04353.x","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"3","key":"729_CR81","first-page":"171","volume":"19","author":"AA Mufaddel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mufaddel AA, Al-Hassani GA (2014) Familial idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (Fahr\u2019s disease). Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) 19(3):171\u2013177","journal-title":"Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)"},{"issue":"1","key":"729_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.4070","volume":"155","author":"DR Carr","year":"2019","unstructured":"Carr DR, Pootrakul L, Chen HZ, Chung CG (2019) Metastatic calcinosis cutis associated with a selective FGFR inhibitor. JAMA Dermatol 155(1):122\u2013123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.4070","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"729_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v2.i9.409","volume":"2","author":"I Fathi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fathi I, Sakr M (2014) Review of tumoral calcinosis: a rare clinico-pathological entity. World J Clin Cases 2(9):409\u2013414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12998\/wjcc.v2.i9.409","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"key":"729_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.105737","volume":"193","author":"YU Yolcu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yolcu YU, Wahood W, Goyal A, Alvi MA, Reeves RK, Qu W, Gerberi DJ, Bydon M (2020) Pharmacologic prophylaxis for heterotopic ossification following spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 193:105737. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.105737","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"729_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-61-2-285","volume":"61","author":"DS Rao","year":"1985","unstructured":"Rao DS, Parfitt AM, Kleerekoper M, Pumo BS, Frame B (1985) Dissociation between the effects of endogenous parathyroid hormone on adenosine 3\u2032,5\u2032-monophosphate generation and phosphate reabsorption in hypocalcemia due to vitamin D depletion: an acquired disorder resembling pseudohypoparathyroidism type II. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 61(2):285\u2013290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcem-61-2-285","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"729_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4273","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2705","volume":"98","author":"SK Bhadada","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bhadada SK, Palnitkar S, Qiu S, Parikh N, Talpos GB, Rao SD (2013) Deliberate total parathyroidectomy: a potentially novel therapy for tumor-induced hypophosphatemic osteomalacia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98(11):4273\u20134278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2013-2705","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"729_CR87","first-page":"329","volume-title":"Metabolic bone disease and clinically related disorders","author":"AM Parfitt","year":"1990","unstructured":"Parfitt AM (1990) Osteomalacia and related disorders. In: Avioli LV, Krane SM (eds) Metabolic bone disease and clinically related disorders, vol 2. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 329\u2013396"}],"container-title":["Calcified Tissue International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00223-020-00729-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00223-020-00729-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00223-020-00729-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,24]],"date-time":"2021-07-24T19:13:58Z","timestamp":1627154038000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00223-020-00729-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["729"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00223-020-00729-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0171-967X","1432-0827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0171-967X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 March 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 July 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"Sudhaker D. Rao and Sanjay Kumar Bhadada declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee of Henry Ford Hospital and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}