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Activin type IIB receptors bind several growth factors of the TGF-\u03b2 superfamily and have been demonstrated to increase muscle and bone mass. We hypothesized that ActRIIB-Fc treatment could improve bone and muscle mass, inhibit fat accumulation, and restore metabolic alterations in an ovariectomy (OVX) model of postmenopausal osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Female C57Bl\/6\u00a0N mice were subjected to SHAM or OVX procedures and received intraperitoneal injections of either PBS or ActRIIB-Fc (5\u00a0mg\/kg) once weekly for 7\u00a0weeks. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests (GTT and ITT, respectively) were performed at 7 and 8\u00a0weeks, respectively. Bone samples were analyzed with micro-computed tomography imaging, histomorphometry, and quantitative RT-PCR.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Bone mass decreased in OVX PBS mice compared to the SHAM PBS group but ActRIIB-Fc was able to prevent these changes as shown by \u00b5CT and histological analyses. This was due to decreased osteoclast numbers and function demonstrated by histomorphometric and qRT-PCR analyses. OVX induced adipocyte hypertrophy that was rescued by ActRIIB-Fc, which also decreased systemic adipose tissue accumulation. OVX itself did not affect glucose levels in GTT but ActRIIB-Fc treatment resulted in impaired glucose clearance in both SHAM and OVX groups. OVX induced mild insulin resistance in ITT but ActRIIB-Fc treatment did not affect this.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our results reinforce the potency of ActRIIB-Fc as a bone-enhancing agent but also bring new insight into the metabolic effects of ActRIIB-Fc in normal and OVX mice.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-021-00934-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T11:02:56Z","timestamp":1642071776000},"page":"504-517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Treatment with Soluble Activin Type IIB Receptor Ameliorates Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss and Fat Gain in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Tero","family":"Puolakkainen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petri","family":"Rummukainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vappu","family":"Pihala-Nieminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olli","family":"Ritvos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eriika","family":"Savontaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riku","family":"Kiviranta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"934_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI65910","volume":"123","author":"M Almeida","year":"2013","unstructured":"Almeida M, Iyer S, Martin-Millan M, Bartell SM, Han L, Ambrogini E, Onal M, Xiong J, Weinstein RS, Jilka RL, O\u2019Brien CA, Manolagas SC (2013) Estrogen receptor-alpha signaling in osteoblast progenitors stimulates cortical bone accrual. 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