{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:45:53Z","timestamp":1792788353749,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]],"date-time":"2022-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]],"date-time":"2022-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K2015-52X-14691-13-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K2015-52X-14691-13-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006636","name":"Forte","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2007\u20132125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2007\u20132125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006636","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012558","name":"Sk\u00e5ne County Council's Research and Development Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012558","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006075","name":"Greta och Johan Kocks stiftelser","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006075","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006189","name":"Direkt\u00f6r\u00a0Albert P\u00e5hlssons Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006189","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005390","name":"Alfred \u00d6sterlunds Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005390","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003492","name":"Agda och Herman J\u00e4rnhardts Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007857","name":"Stiftelsen Konung Gustaf V:s 80-\u00e5rsfond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007857","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006129","name":"Konung Gustaf V:s och Drottning Victorias Frimurarestiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007949","name":"Reumatikerf\u00f6rbundet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007949","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005753","name":"Kungliga Fysiografiska S\u00e4llskapet i Lund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005753","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011077","name":"Sk\u00e5nes universitetssjukhus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011077","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013500","name":"Diabetestutkimuss\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013500","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008413","name":"Instrumentariumin Tiedes\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008413","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004212","name":"P\u00e4ivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004212","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004047","name":"Karolinska Institutet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["325498"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["325498"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Turku (UTU) including Turku University Central Hospital"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Calcif Tissue Int"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A major challenge in osteoporosis is to identify individuals at high fracture risk. We investigated six bone turnover markers (BTMs) to determine association with specific fracture types; the time-frame for risk prediction and whether these are influenced by age at assessment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Population-based OPRA cohort (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091044) was assessed at ages 75, 80, 85 and fractures documented for up to 15\u00a0years. Six BTMs were analyzed at each time-point (N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen, PINP; total osteocalcin, OC; bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, BALP; C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, CTX; tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b, TRAcP5b; urinary osteocalcin). Hazard ratios (HR) for any, major osteoporotic, vertebral and hip fractures were calculated as short (1, 2, 3\u00a0years) and long-term risk (5, 10, 15\u00a0years).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>At 75\u00a0year, high CTX levels were associated with an increased risk of all fractures, including major osteoporotic fractures, across most time-frames (HRs ranging: 1.28 to 2.28). PINP was not consistently associated. Urinary osteocalcin was consistently associated with elevated short-term risk (HRs ranging: 1.83\u20132.72). Other BTMs were directionally in accordance, though not all statistically significant. BTMs were not predictive for hip fractures. Association of all BTMs attenuated over time; at 80\u00a0year none were associated with an increased fracture risk.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>CTX, urinary OC and TRAcP5b are predictive for fracture in a 1 to 3\u00a0year, perspective, whereas in the long-term or above age 80\u00a0years, BTMs appear less valuable. Resorption markers, particularly CTX, were more consistently associated with fracture risk than formation markers in the very elderly.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-022-00996-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]],"date-time":"2022-06-24T20:12:21Z","timestamp":1656101541000},"page":"288-299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Bone Turnover Marker Profiling and Fracture Risk in Older Women: Fracture Risk from Age 75 to 90"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7482-7623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaisa K.","family":"Ivaska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona E.","family":"McGuigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linnea","family":"Malmgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Gerdhem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Kanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3024-2804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina E.","family":"Akesson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"996_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-020-00871-9","volume":"16","author":"JA Kanis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kanis JA, Norton N, Harvey NC et al (2021) SCOPE 2021: A new scorecard for osteoporosis in Europe. Arch Osteoporos 16:82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11657-020-00871-9","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"key":"996_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2004.043901","volume":"51","author":"KK Ivaska","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ivaska KK, Kakonen SM, Gerdhem P et al (2005) Urinary osteocalcin as a marker of bone metabolism. Clin Chem 51:618\u2013628. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1373\/clinchem.2004.043901","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"996_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2362","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.055541","volume":"51","author":"KK Ivaska","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ivaska KK, Pettersson K, Nenonen A et al (2005) Urinary osteocalcin is a useful marker for monitoring the effect of alendronate therapy. Clin Chem 51:2362\u20132365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1373\/clinchem.2005.055541","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"996_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2011.602","volume":"49","author":"S Vasikaran","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vasikaran S, Cooper C, Eastell R et al (2011) International osteoporosis foundation and international federation of clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine position on bone marker standards in osteoporosis. Clin Chem Lab Med 49:1271\u20131274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/CCLM.2011.602","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"996_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-014-9842-y","volume":"94","author":"H Johansson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Johansson H, Oden A, Kanis JA et al (2014) A meta-analysis of reference markers of bone turnover for prediction of fracture. Calcif Tissue Int 94:560\u2013567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00223-014-9842-y","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"996_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.0301244","volume":"19","author":"P Gerdhem","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gerdhem P, Ivaska KK, Alatalo SL et al (2004) Biochemical markers of bone metabolism and prediction of fracture in elderly women. J Bone Miner Res 19:386\u2013393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1359\/JBMR.0301244","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"996_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.091006","volume":"25","author":"KK Ivaska","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ivaska KK, Gerdhem P, Vaananen HK et al (2010) Bone turnover markers and prediction of fracture: a prospective follow-up study of 1040 elderly women for a mean of 9 years. J Bone Miner Res 25:393\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1359\/jbmr.091006","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"996_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30184-5","volume":"5","author":"R Eastell","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eastell R, Szulc P (2017) Use of bone turnover markers in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 5(11):908\u2013923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30184-5","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"996_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1501-1","volume":"22","author":"S Vasikaran","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vasikaran S, Eastell R, Bruy\u00e8re O et al (2011) Markers of bone turnover for the prediction of fracture risk and monitoring of osteoporosis treatment: a need for international reference standards. Osteoporos Int 22:391\u2013420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-010-1501-1","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"996_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-0900-2","volume":"52","author":"SD Vasikaran","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vasikaran SD, Paul Chubb SA (2016) The use of biochemical markers of bone turnover in the clinical management of primary and secondary osteoporosis. Endocrine 52:222\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-016-0900-2","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"996_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(00)00325-2","volume":"27","author":"RD Chapurlat","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chapurlat RD, Garnero P, Breart G et al (2000) Serum type I collagen breakdown product (serum CTX) predicts hip fracture risk in elderly women: the EPIDOS study. Bone 27:283\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S8756-3282(00)00325-2","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"996_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.8.1526","volume":"15","author":"P Garnero","year":"2000","unstructured":"Garnero P, Sornay-Rendu E, Claustrat B, Delmas PD (2000) Biochemical markers of bone turnover, endogenous hormones and the risk of fractures in postmenopausal women: the OFELY study. J Bone Miner Res 15:1526\u20131536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.8.1526","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"996_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.041207","volume":"20","author":"C Meier","year":"2005","unstructured":"Meier C, Nguyen TV, Center JR et al (2005) Bone resorption and osteoporotic fractures in elderly men: the dubbo osteoporosis epidemiology study. J Bone Miner Res 20:579\u2013587. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1359\/JBMR.041207","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"996_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2079","volume":"92","author":"H Dobnig","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dobnig H, Piswanger-Solkner JC, Obermayer-Pietsch B et al (2007) Hip and nonvertebral fracture prediction in nursing home patients: role of bone ultrasound and bone marker measurements. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:1678\u20131686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2006-2079","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"996_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.077941","volume":"67","author":"P Szulc","year":"2008","unstructured":"Szulc P, Montella A, Delmas PD (2008) High bone turnover is associated with accelerated bone loss but not with increased fracture risk in men aged 50 and over: the prospective MINOS study. Ann Rheum Dis 67:1249\u20131255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.2007.077941","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"996_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090526","volume":"24","author":"DC Bauer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bauer DC, Garnero P, Harrison SL et al (2009) Biochemical markers of bone turnover, hip bone loss, and fracture in older men: the MrOS study. J Bone Miner Res 24:2032\u20132038. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1359\/jbmr.090526","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"996_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-2106-7","volume":"24","author":"J Tamaki","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tamaki J, Iki M, Kadowaki E et al (2013) Biochemical markers for bone turnover predict risk of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women over 10 years: the Japanese population-based osteoporosis (JPOS) cohort STUDY. Osteoporos Int 24:887\u2013897. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-012-2106-7","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"996_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2646","volume":"100","author":"SA Chubb","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chubb SA, Byrnes E, Manning L et al (2015) Reference intervals for bone turnover markers and their association with incident hip fractures in older men: the Health in Men study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 100:90\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2014-2646","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"996_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.06.016","volume":"81","author":"R Shigdel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shigdel R, Osima M, Ahmed LA et al (2015) Bone turnover markers are associated with higher cortical porosity, thinner cortices, and larger size of the proximal femur and non-vertebral fractures. Bone 81:1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2015.06.016","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"996_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-014-2823-1","volume":"25","author":"D Buchebner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Buchebner D, Mcguigan F, Gerdhem P et al (2014) Vitamin D insufficiency over 5 years is associated with increased fracture risk-an observational cohort study of elderly women. Osteoporos Int 25:2767\u20132775. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-014-2823-1","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"996_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.89B12.18946","volume":"89","author":"P Gerdhem","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gerdhem P, Akesson K (2007) Rates of fracture in participants and non-participants in the osteoporosis prospective risk assessment study. J Bone Joint Surg Br 89:1627\u20131631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.89B12.18946","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"996_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2014.920987","volume":"85","author":"A Wihlborg","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wihlborg A, \u00c5kesson K, Gerdhem P (2014) External validity of a population-based study on osteoporosis and fracture Comparison of mortality and fracture rate in participants and non-participants. Acta Orthop 85:433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/17453674.2014.920987","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"key":"996_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-014-2951-7","volume":"26","author":"S Berglundh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Berglundh S, Malmgren L, Luthman H et al (2015) C-reactive protein, bone loss, fracture, and mortality in elderly women: a longitudinal study in the OPRA cohort. Osteoporos Int 26:727\u2013735. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-014-2951-7","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"996_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.48.5.489","volume":"48","author":"B J\u00f3nsson","year":"1994","unstructured":"J\u00f3nsson B, G\u00e4rdsell P, Johnell O et al (1994) Remembering fractures: fracture registration and proband recall in southern Sweden. J Epidemiol Community Health 48:489\u2013490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech.48.5.489","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"996_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0543-5","volume":"19","author":"JA Kanis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kanis JA, Johnell O, Oden A et al (2008) FRAX and the assessment of fracture probability in men and women from the UK. Osteoporos Int 19:385\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-007-0543-5","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"996_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/46.3.332","volume":"46","author":"SM Kakonen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kakonen SM, Hellman J, Karp M et al (2000) Development and evaluation of three immunofluorometric assays that measure different forms of osteocalcin in serum. Clin Chem 46:332\u2013337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/clinchem\/46.3.332","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"996_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-15-0022","volume":"4","author":"KK Ivaska","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ivaska KK, Heliovaara MK, Ebeling P et al (2015) The effects of acute hyperinsulinemia on bone metabolism. Endocr Connect 4:155\u2013162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EC-15-0022","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"996_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2012-0531","volume":"51","author":"A Morovat","year":"2013","unstructured":"Morovat A, Catchpole A, Meurisse A et al (2013) IDS iSYS automated intact procollagen-1-N-terminus pro-peptide assay: method evaluation and reference intervals in adults and children. Clin Chem Lab Med 51:2009\u20132018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/cclm-2012-0531","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"996_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2017","volume":"29","author":"H Johansson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Johansson H, Kanis JA, Od\u00e9n A et al (2014) A meta-analysis of the association of fracture risk and body mass index in women. J Bone Miner Res 29:223\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.2017","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"996_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2017.06.020","volume":"20","author":"T Vilaca","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vilaca T, Gossiel F, Eastell R (2017) Bone turnover markers: use in fracture prediction. J Clin Densitom 20:346\u2013352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocd.2017.06.020","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"key":"996_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-3951","volume":"101","author":"K Albertsson-Wikland","year":"2016","unstructured":"Albertsson-Wikland K, M\u00e5rtensson A, S\u00e4vendahl L et al (2016) Mortality is not increased in recombinant human growth hormone-treated patients when adjusting for birth characteristics. J Clin En-docrinol Metab 101:2149\u20132159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2015-3951","journal-title":"J Clin En-docrinol Metab"},{"key":"996_CR32","first-page":"1","volume":"82","author":"NE Breslow","year":"1987","unstructured":"Breslow NE, Day NE (1987) Statistical methods in cancer research. volume II\u2013the design and analysis of cohort studies. IARC Sci Publ 82:1\u2013406","journal-title":"IARC Sci Publ"},{"key":"996_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3471","volume":"33","author":"CJ Crandall","year":"2018","unstructured":"Crandall CJ, Vasan S, LaCroix A et al (2018) Bone turnover markers are not associated with hip fracture risk: a case-control study in the women\u2019s health initiative. J Bone Miner Res 33:1199\u20131208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.3471","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"996_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-019-05043-1","volume":"30","author":"D Massera","year":"2019","unstructured":"Massera D, Xu S, Walker MD et al (2019) Biochemical markers of bone turnover and risk of incident hip fracture in older women: the cardiovascular health study. Osteoporos Int 30:1755\u20131765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-019-05043-1","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"996_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2878","author":"C Robinson-Cohen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Robinson-Cohen C, Katz R, Hoofnagle AN et al (2011) Mineral Metabolism Markers and the Long-Term Risk of Hip Fracture: The Cardiovascular Health Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2010-2878","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"996_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3953","author":"E Toth","year":"2020","unstructured":"Toth E, Banefelt J, \u00c5kesson K et al (2020) History of previous fracture and imminent fracture risk in swedish women aged 55 to 90 years presenting with a fragility fracture. J Bone Miner Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.3953","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"996_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-2048-0","volume":"24","author":"M Tenne","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tenne M, McGuigan F, Besjakov J et al (2013) Degenerative changes at the lumbar spine\u2013implications for bone mineral density measurement in elderly women. Osteoporos Int 24:1419\u20131428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-012-2048-0","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"996_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650111021","volume":"11","author":"P Garnero","year":"1996","unstructured":"Garnero P, Hausherr E, Chapuy MC et al (1996) Markers of bone resorption predict hip fracture in elderly women: the EPIDOS Prospective Study. J Bone Miner Res 11:1531\u20131538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.5650111021","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"996_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R19","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-17-0585","volume":"178","author":"R Eastell","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eastell R, Pigott T, Gossiel F et al (2018) Bone turnover markers: are they clinically useful? Eur J Endocrinol 178:R19\u2013R31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EJE-17-0585","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"996_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-011-0059-y","volume":"9","author":"HA Bischoff-Ferrari","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bischoff-Ferrari HA (2011) The role of falls in fracture prediction. Curr Osteoporos Rep 9:116\u2013121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11914-011-0059-y","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"key":"996_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-013-0158-z","volume":"11","author":"CS Colon-Emeric","year":"2013","unstructured":"Colon-Emeric CS (2013) Recent advances: osteoporosis in the \u201coldest old.\u201d Curr Osteoporos Rep 11:270\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11914-013-0158-z","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"key":"996_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-3976-5","volume":"28","author":"C Roux","year":"2017","unstructured":"Roux C, Briot K (2017) Imminent fracture risk. Osteoporos Int 28:1765\u20131769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-017-3976-5","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"996_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2622","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1508","volume":"93","author":"KK Ivaska","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ivaska KK, Lenora J, Gerdhem P et al (2008) Serial assessment of serum bone metabolism markers identifies women with the highest rate of bone loss and osteoporosis risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93:2622\u20132632. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2007-1508","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"996_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-004-0537-8","volume":"23","author":"K \u00c5kesson","year":"2005","unstructured":"\u00c5kesson K, K\u00e4k\u00f6nen S-M, Josefsson PO et al (2005) Fracture-induced changes in bone turnover: a potential confounder in the use of biochemical markers in osteoporosis. J Bone Min Metab 23:30\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00774-004-0537-8","journal-title":"J Bone Min Metab"},{"key":"996_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2005.02.009","volume":"36","author":"KJ Obrant","year":"2005","unstructured":"Obrant KJ, Ivaska KK, Gerdhem P et al (2005) Biochemical markers of bone turnover are influenced by recently sustained fracture. Bone 36:786\u2013792. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2005.02.009","journal-title":"Bone"}],"container-title":["Calcified Tissue International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00223-022-00996-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00223-022-00996-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00223-022-00996-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T13:09:29Z","timestamp":1661173769000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00223-022-00996-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["996"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00223-022-00996-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-0827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 March 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 May 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Kaisa Ivaska, Fiona McGuigan, Linnea Malmgren, Paul Gerdhem, Helena Johansson, John Kanis and Kristina Akesson have no conflicts of interest relevant to this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All participants gave written informed consent and the Lund University Ethics Committee approved the study, which was performed according to the principles of the Helsinki declaration.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"All authors approved the final version of manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}]}}