{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T08:47:22Z","timestamp":1788166042304,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006304","name":"Aalborg University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006304","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Calcif Tissue Int"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To examine, among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), whether cardiovascular disease (CVD) phenotypes and cardiovascular medications are associated with any fracture as the primary outcome and major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) as a secondary outcome. Nationwide registry-based matched case\u2013control study in Denmark (2013\u20132021) among people with T2D. Cases were individuals with T2D who sustained an incident fracture (n\u2009=\u200912,390), and controls were fracture-free individuals with T2D matched 1:3 by age, sex, T2D onset date, and weighted Charlson Comorbidity Index (n\u2009=\u200937,170). The exposures were overall CVD, prespecified clinical CVD phenotypes (acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation\/flutter (AFib\/AFL), and atherosclerosis), subclinical CVD phenotypes (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and chronic kidney disease (CKD)), individual CVD subtypes, and cardiovascular medications. Any fracture was the primary outcome, and major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) was examined as a secondary outcome. Conditional logistic regression estimated overall and sex-stratified odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and sex interactions were assessed. any fracture, overall CVD (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.15\u20131.26), clinical (OR 1.15; 1.09\u20131.21), and subclinical CVD (OR 1.22; 1.17\u20131.28) were associated with higher odds. AFib\/AFL, atherosclerosis, CKD, heart failure, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and stroke showed positive associations, whereas AMI was inversely associated. Higher fracture odds were observed with factor Xa inhibitors, nitrates, and antiplatelet agents. Sex-stratified analyses showed broadly similar associations for CVD phenotypes in men and women, with no consistent evidence of sex-specific differences. Associations were weaker and non-significant for major osteoporotic fractures. In T2D, CVD and selected cardiovascular medications are associated with higher odds of fracture, highlighting the importance of incorporating cardiovascular status into fracture risk assessment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-026-01556-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T01:44:48Z","timestamp":1780019088000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cardiovascular Disease and Fracture Risk in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Matched Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0406-9702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aksayan Arunanthy","family":"Mahalingasivam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika Vestergaard","family":"Kvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joop P.","family":"van den Bergh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassandra","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua R.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Vestergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicklas H\u00f8jgaard-Hessellund","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1556_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01951-9","volume":"9","author":"X Lu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lu X, Xie Q, Pan X, Zhang R, Zhang X, Peng G et al (2024) Type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults: pathogenesis, prevention and therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 9(1):262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-024-01951-9","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"1556_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-025-00937-y","volume":"23","author":"AA Mahalingasivam","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mahalingasivam AA, Rasmussen NHH (2025) Fracture risk in type 2 diabetes: systematic review of cardiovascular outcome trials with glucagon like peptide receptor agonists. Curr Osteoporos Rep 23(1):38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11914-025-00937-y","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"key":"1556_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/11795514231220780","author":"S Chakraborty","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chakraborty S, Verma A, Garg R, Singh J, Verma H (2023) Cardiometabolic risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a mechanistic insight. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/11795514231220780","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"issue":"10","key":"1556_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-023-00877-z","volume":"20","author":"ND Wong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wong ND, Sattar N (2023) Cardiovascular risk in diabetes mellitus: epidemiology, assessment and prevention. Nat Rev Cardiol 20(10):685\u2013695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41569-023-00877-z","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"issue":"10292","key":"1556_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00684-X","volume":"397","author":"B Vogel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vogel B, Acevedo M, Appelman Y, Bairey Merz CN, Chieffo A, Figtree GA et al (2021) The Lancet women and cardiovascular disease Commission: reducing the global burden by 2030. Lancet 397(10292):2385\u20132438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00684-X","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"1556_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeae217","volume":"25","author":"E Swahn","year":"2024","unstructured":"Swahn E, Sederholm Lawesson S, Alfredsson J, Fredrikson M, Anger\u00e5s O, Duvernoy O et al (2024) Sex differences in prevalence and characteristics of imaging-detected atherosclerosis: a population-based study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 25(12):1663\u20131672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjci\/jeae217","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"11","key":"1556_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.124.22980","volume":"81","author":"WJ Yeo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yeo WJ, Abraham R, Surapaneni AL, Schlosser P, Ballew SH, Ozkan B et al (2024) Sex differences in hypertension and its management throughout life. Hypertension 81(11):2263\u20132274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.124.22980","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"1556_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.37522","author":"KJ Schulte","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schulte KJ, Mayrovitz HN (2023) Myocardial Infarction Signs and Symptoms: Females vs Males. Cureus. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.37522","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"1556_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-23-0305","author":"N Martini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Martini N, Streckwall L, McCarthy AD (2023) Osteoporosis and vascular calcifications. Endocr. Connect. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/EC-23-0305","journal-title":"Connect"},{"issue":"10","key":"1556_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.120","volume":"8","author":"CE Lampropoulos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lampropoulos CE, Papaioannou I, D\u2019Cruz DP (2012) Osteoporosis\u2014a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? Nat Rev Rheumatol 8(10):587\u2013598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.120","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"1556_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HCQ.0000000000000108","author":"QE Denfeld","year":"2022","unstructured":"Denfeld QE, Turrise S, MacLaughlin EJ, Chang PS, Clair WK, Lewis EF et al (2022) Preventing and Managing Falls in Adults With Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HCQ.0000000000000108","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"issue":"4","key":"1556_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.12.013","volume":"19","author":"M de Vries","year":"2018","unstructured":"de Vries M, Seppala LJ, Daams JG, van de Glind EMM, Masud T, van der Velde N et al (2018) Fall-risk-increasing drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis: I. Cardiovascular drugs. J Am Med Dir Assoc 19(4):371.e1-371.e9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.12.013","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"1556_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-023-08130-6","volume":"281","author":"AA Mahalingasivam","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mahalingasivam AA, Jespersen AK, Ejskjaer N, Hougaard DD, Vestergaard P, Rasmussen NHH et al (2024) The co-existence of peripheral and vestibular neuropathy in diabetes: a cross-sectional study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 281(2):663\u2013672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-023-08130-6","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1556_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.2174\/1574886315666200908110058","volume":"16","author":"NH Rasmussen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rasmussen NH, Dal J, den Bergh JV, de Vries F, Jensen MH, Vestergaard P (2021) Increased risk of falls, fall-related injuries and fractures in people with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes - a nationwide cohort study. Curr Drug Saf 16(1):52\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1574886315666200908110058. (PubMed PMID: 32900349.)","journal-title":"Curr Drug Saf"},{"key":"1556_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-025-07662-3","author":"AA Mahalingasivam","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mahalingasivam AA, Vestergaard P, Rasmussen NHH (2025) Increased fall risk in people with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-025-07662-3","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"20","key":"1556_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001184","volume":"148","author":"CE Ndumele","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ndumele CE, Rangaswami J, Chow SL, Neeland IJ, Tuttle KR, Khan SS et al (2023) Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation 148(20):1606\u20131635. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001184","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"1556_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.123.321752","volume":"132","author":"CCFMJ Baaten","year":"2023","unstructured":"Baaten CCFMJ, Vondenhoff S, Noels H (2023) Endothelial cell dysfunction and increased cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease. Circ Res 132(8):970\u2013992. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.123.321752","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"1556_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3310","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-024-01885-3","volume":"47","author":"T Maruhashi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Maruhashi T, Higashi Y (2024) Current topic of vascular function in hypertension in 2023\u20132024. Hypertens Res 47(12):3310\u20133317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41440-024-01885-3","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1556_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-022-01188-5","volume":"18","author":"NHH Rasmussen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rasmussen NHH, Dal J, Jensen MH, Kvist AV, van den Bergh J, Hirata RP et al (2022) Impaired postural control in diabetes-a predictor of falls? Arch Osteoporos 18(1):6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11657-022-01188-5. (PubMed PMID: 36482222.)","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"issue":"9","key":"1556_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2022.102590","volume":"16","author":"SL Cichosz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cichosz SL, Rasmussen NH, Vestergaard P, Hejlesen O (2022) Is predicted body-composition and relative fat mass an alternative to body-mass index and waist circumference for disease risk estimation? Diabetes Metab Syndr 16(9):102590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dsx.2022.102590","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"1556_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116753","volume":"172","author":"NHH Rasmussen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rasmussen NHH, Dal J, Kvist AV, van den Bergh JP, Jensen MH, Vestergaard P (2023) Bone parameters in T1D and T2D assessed by DXA and HR-pQCT - a cross-sectional study: the DIAFALL study. Bone 172:116753. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116753. (PubMed PMID: 37001628.)","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"1556_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db24-82-OR","author":"AA Bech","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bech AA, Madsen MD, Kvist AV, Vestergaard P, Rasmussen NH (2024) 82-OR: association of diabetic complications and various comorbidities with major adverse cardiovascular events in Type 2 diabetes and their development over time\u2014a Danish registry-based case-control study. Diabetes. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db24-82-OR","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"9","key":"1556_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2012.36","volume":"8","author":"B Thompson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thompson B, Towler DA (2012) Arterial calcification and bone physiology: role of the bone\u2013vascular axis. Nat Rev Endocrinol 8(9):529\u2013543. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrendo.2012.36","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1556_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.25106","volume":"7","author":"M Zoulakis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zoulakis M, Johansson L, Litsne H, Axelsson K, Lorentzon M (2024) Type 2 diabetes and fracture risk in older women. JAMA Netw Open 7(8):e2425106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.25106","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"1556_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-006-0253-4","volume":"18","author":"P Vestergaard","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vestergaard P (2007) Discrepancies in bone mineral density and fracture risk in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes\u2014a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 18(4):427\u2013444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-006-0253-4","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"1556_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-022-00755-6","volume":"20","author":"M Walle","year":"2022","unstructured":"Walle M, Whittier DE, Frost M, M\u00fcller R, Collins CJ (2022) Meta-analysis of Diabetes Mellitus-associated differences in bone structure assessed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Curr Osteoporos Rep 20(6):398\u2013409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11914-022-00755-6","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"1556_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2008.08.016","volume":"204","author":"MG Shlipak","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shlipak MG, Katz R, Kestenbaum B, Fried LF, Siscovick D, Sarnak MJ (2009) Clinical and subclinical cardiovascular disease and kidney function decline in the elderly. Atherosclerosis 204(1):298\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2008.08.016. (PubMed PMID: 18848325)","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"5","key":"1556_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-024-01275-4","volume":"115","author":"L Aaltonen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aaltonen L, Hellman T, Lankinen R, Hakam\u00e4ki M, Mets\u00e4rinne K, J\u00e4rvisalo M (2024) Cardiac biomarkers are associated with incident fracture risk in advanced chronic kidney disease. Calcif Tissue Int 115(5):516\u2013524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00223-024-01275-4","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1556_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3844","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-88020-5","volume":"15","author":"J Ou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ou J, Wang T, Lei R, Sun M, Ruan X, Wei J et al (2025) Association between cardiovascular health and osteoporotic fractures: a national population-based study. Sci Rep 15(1):3844. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-88020-5. (PubMed PMID: 39885301)","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"23","key":"1556_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.09.009","volume":"54","author":"P Libby","year":"2009","unstructured":"Libby P, Ridker PM, Hansson GK (2009) Inflammation in atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 54(23):2129\u20132138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.09.009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1556_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2880","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9092880","volume":"9","author":"F Vancheri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vancheri F, Longo G, Vancheri S, Henein M (2020) Coronary microvascular dysfunction. J Clin Med 9(9):2880\u20132880. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9092880","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"1556_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2005.11.013","volume":"74","author":"JF Thayer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Thayer JF, Lane RD (2007) The role of vagal function in the risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Biol Psychol 74(2):224\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2005.11.013","journal-title":"Biol Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1556_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M146","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.M146","volume":"56","author":"LP Fried","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J et al (2001) Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 56(3):M146\u2013M157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.M146","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"1556_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfaf228","author":"N Henry","year":"2025","unstructured":"Henry N, Hildebrand S, Cunningham J (2025) Management of osteoporosis in chronic kidney disease. Clin Kidney J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfaf228","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1556_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-025-03992-w","volume":"26","author":"Y Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu Y, Zhang ZX, Fu CS, Ye ZB, Jin HM, Yang XH (2025) Association of aberrant mineral metabolic markers with fracture risk in chronic kidney disease: a comprehensive meta-analysis. BMC Nephrol 26(1):68. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12882-025-03992-w","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1556_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-008-9198-2","volume":"84","author":"P Vestergaard","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vestergaard P, Rejnmark L, Mosekilde L (2009) Hypertension is a risk factor for fractures. Calcif Tissue Int 84(2):103\u2013111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00223-008-9198-2","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"1556_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13611","volume":"15","author":"X Xiong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xiong X, Lui DTW, Ju C, Zhou Z, Xu C, Welsh P et al (2024) Associations of serum lipid traits with fracture and osteoporosis: a prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 15(6):2669\u20132683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcsm.13611","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"5","key":"1556_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000014510.48897.7D","volume":"33","author":"KES Poole","year":"2002","unstructured":"Poole KES, Reeve J, Warburton EA (2002) Falls, fractures, and osteoporosis after stroke. Stroke 33(5):1432\u20131436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.STR.0000014510.48897.7D","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"1556_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-019-1377-7","volume":"19","author":"WE Wei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wei WE, De Silva DA, Chang HM, Yao J, Matchar DB, Young SHY et al (2019) Post-stroke patients with moderate function have the greatest risk of falls: a national cohort study. BMC Geriatr 19(1):373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-019-1377-7","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"1556_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.007195","volume":"124","author":"Y Gerber","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gerber Y, Melton LJ, Weston SA, Roger VL (2011) Association between myocardial infarction and fractures: an emerging phenomenon. Circulation 124(3):297\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.007195. (PubMed PMID: 21709062.)","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"19","key":"1556_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu505","volume":"36","author":"T Jernberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jernberg T, Hasvold P, Henriksson M, Hjelm H, Thuresson M, Janzon M (2015) Cardiovascular risk in post-myocardial infarction patients: nationwide real world data demonstrate the importance of a long-term perspective. Eur Heart J 36(19):1163\u20131170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu505","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"10","key":"1556_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.1998.1026","volume":"19","author":"P Abrahamsson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Abrahamsson P (1998) Improved long term prognosis after myocardial infarction 1984\u20131991. Eur Heart J 19(10):1512\u20131517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/euhj.1998.1026","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"1556_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2006.07.022","volume":"118","author":"L Rejnmark","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rejnmark L, Vestergaard P, Mosekilde L (2007) Fracture risk in users of oral anticoagulants: a nationwide case-control study. Int J Cardiol 118(3):338\u2013344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2006.07.022","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1556_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-006-0024-4","volume":"79","author":"L Rejnmark","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rejnmark L, Vestergaard P, Mosekilde L (2006) Statin but not Non-Statin lipid-lowering drugs decrease fracture risk: a nation-wide case-control study. Calcif Tissue Int 79(1):27\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00223-006-0024-4","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"}],"container-title":["Calcified Tissue International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00223-026-01556-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00223-026-01556-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00223-026-01556-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T01:44:49Z","timestamp":1780019089000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00223-026-01556-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1556"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00223-026-01556-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-0827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Peter Vestergaard is head of research in the Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark funded by an unrestricted grant from the Novo Nordisk Foundation. Nicklas H. Rasmussen holds shares in Novo Nordisk, has lecture fees from Boehringer Ingelheim and travel expenses from UCB. Aksayan Arunanthy Mahalingasivam and Annika Vestergaard Kvist holds shares in Novo Nordisk. Joop P van den Bergh received research funding and advisory board fees from Porous, UCB, Theramex. Joshua R. Lewis and Cassandra Smith have no conflict of interests to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"No people were involved in this study. Only anonymized data were used, and all datasets with a limited number of data points were further anonymized prior to extraction and processing. Therefore, ethical approval was not required.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}],"article-number":"93"}}