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In medical imaging, computer vision techniques such as object detection, classification, and segmentation are essential for analysing complex anatomical structures. This primer provides an overview of computer vision concepts and methods, highlighting both traditional approaches and modern machine learning techniques. Landmark detection and shape modelling are also discussed as these are particularly relevant for musculoskeletal imaging. Challenges associated with applying computer vision in clinical practice are examined. This includes considerations such as data limitations, domain shift, and the need for robust validation. 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