{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T19:55:37Z","timestamp":1792698937356,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637107200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate time trends in the prevalence of antithrombotic and statin use in four European countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using population-based data from the United Kingdom, Denmark, Spain and Italy between 2010 and 2018, we calculated standardized annual prevalence proportions of antithrombotics and statin use, and changes in prevalence proportions (2018 vs. 2010).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prevalence proportion of statins increased from 24.8% to 24.6% (UK), 21.0% to 22.3% (Region of Southern Denmark [RSD]), 12.9% to 14.3% (Udine, Italy), and 20.3% to 23.2% (Spain). Prevalence proportions of antithrombotics declined in all four countries: 18.7% to 15.9% (UK;\u2009\u2212\u20092.8% points), 18.9% to 18.1% (RSD;\u2009\u2212\u20090.8% points), 17.7% to 16.6% (Udine;\u2009\u2212\u20091.1% points) and 15.0% to 13.6% (Spain;\u2009\u2212\u20091.4% points). These declines were driven by reductions in low-dose aspirin use: 15.3% to 8.9% (UK;\u2009\u2212\u20096.4% points), 16.3% to 9.5% (RSD;\u2009\u2212\u20096.8% points), 13.5% to 11.6% (Udine;\u2009\u2212\u20091.9% points), and 10.2% to 8.8% (Spain;\u2009\u2212\u20091.4% points). In the UK, low-dose aspirin use declined from 9.1% to 4.3% (\u2212\u20094.8% points) for primary CVD prevention, and from 49.6% to 36.9% (\u2212\u200912.7% points) for secondary prevention. Oral anticoagulant use gradually increased but did not fully account for the decrease in low-dose aspirin use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antithrombotic use in the UK, RSD, Udine and Spain declined between 2010 and 2018, driven by a reduction in use of low-dose aspirin that is not completely explained by a gradual increase in OAC use. Use of statins remained constant in the UK, and increased gradually in the RSD, Udine and Spain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-021-03250-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T13:03:03Z","timestamp":1637154183000},"page":"497-504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Trends in the use of oral anticoagulants, antiplatelets and statins in four European countries: a population-based study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0837-2709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis A.","family":"Garc\u00eda Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc\u00eda","family":"Cea Soriano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"de Abajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Valent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesper","family":"Hallas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Cattaruzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Rodriguez-Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pareen","family":"Vora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Montse","family":"Soriano-Gabarr\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Gaist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"42","key":"3250_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3232","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw334","volume":"37","author":"N Townsend","year":"2016","unstructured":"Townsend N, Wilson L, Bhatnagar P, Wickramasinghe K, Rayner M, Nichols M (2016) Cardiovascular disease in Europe: epidemiological update 2016. 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Data collection for IMRD was approved by the South East Multicentre Research Ethics Committee in 2003 and individual studies using IMRD data do not require separate ethical approval if only anonymized data are used. The project was approved by the Region of Southern Denmark and is registered on the record of data processing activities in the region (j.nr.18\/51966). Danish law does not require approval from an ethics board or informed consent for register studies. The Spanish part of the study was approved by the BIFAP Scientific Committee (reference number: 11\/2019). Spanish law does not require ethical approval for epidemiological studies using fully anonymized data. For the Italian part of the study, approval from an ethics committee was not required because the databases used in the analyses \u2013 from the Regional Epidemiological Repository \u2013 are completely anonymous. As it was not possible to know the subjects\u2019 identities, informed consent was also not required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"LAGR works for CEIFE, which has received research funding Bayer AG. LAGR has also received honoraria for serving on advisory boards for Bayer AG. DG has received honoraria from AstraZeneca (Sweden) for participation as a coinvestigator on a research project outside the submitted work; and receiving speaker honorarium from Bristol-Myers Squibb outside the submitted work. FdA has received unrestricted research grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Instituto Te\u00f3filo Hernando, Chiesi and Sanofi-Pasteur, for other research projects. JH has participated in research projects funded by Alcon, Almirall, Astellas, Astra-Zeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk, Servier and LEO Pharma, all with funds paid to the institution where he was employed (no personal fees) and with no relation to the current study. LCS, SR-M, MG, CC and FV declare no conflicts of interest. PV and MS-G are employees of Bayer AG.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}