{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T04:01:54Z","timestamp":1792123314527,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712707200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-024-03686-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T11:02:00Z","timestamp":1712746920000},"page":"1113-1120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Sacubitril\/valsartan compared to equivalent\/sub-equivalent dose angiotensin receptor blocker or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a meta-analysis of randomized trials"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7385-6120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph P.","family":"Rindone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chadwick K.","family":"Mellen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"3686_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc2021.12.012","author":"PA Heidenreich","year":"2022","unstructured":"Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B (2022) 2022 AHA\/ACC\/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc2021.12.012","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"3686_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1409077","volume":"371","author":"JJV McMurray","year":"2014","unstructured":"McMurray JJV, Packer M, Desai AS et al (2014) Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure. N Engl J Med 371:993\u20131004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3686_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-018-6830-x","volume":"32","author":"R Ahn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ahn R, Prasad V (2018) Do limitations in the design of Paradigm-HF justify the slow real world uptake of sacubitril\/valsartan (Entresto)? Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 32:633\u2013635","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"3686_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e234","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0000000000000473","volume":"24","author":"S Yandrapalli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yandrapalli S, Aronow WS, Mondal P et al (2017) Limitations of sacubitril\/valsartan in the management of heart failure. Am J Therap 24:e234\u2013e239","journal-title":"Am J Therap"},{"key":"3686_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0000000000000193","volume":"26","author":"S Bernardez-Pereira","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bernardez-Pereira S, Alvares-Ramires FJ, Tavares de Melo RF et al (2018) Was the enalapril dose too low in the PARADIGM-HF trial? Cardiol Rev 26:196\u2013200","journal-title":"Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"3686_CR6","unstructured":"Mandrola J (2021) PARADISE-MI makes me question the benefits of sacubitril\/valsartan. Medscape. Available on: https:\/\/www.medscape.com\/viewarticle\/951239"},{"key":"3686_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2104508","volume":"385","author":"MA Pfeffer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pfeffer MA, Claggett B, Lewis EF et al (2021) Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibition in acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 385:1845\u20131855","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3686_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2021.4567","volume":"7","author":"DL Mann","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mann DL, Givertz MM, Vadere JM et al (2022) Effect of treatment with sacubitril\/valsartan in patients with advanced heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Cardiol 7:17\u201325","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"3686_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1908655","volume":"381","author":"SD Solomon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Solomon SD, McMurray JJV, Anand IS et al (2019) Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med 381:1609\u20131620","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3686_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD et al (2021) The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 372:n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"3686_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"(2015) Sacubitril\/Valsartan (Entresto) for Heart Failure. JAMA. 314:722\u2013723.\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2015.9398","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.9398"},{"key":"3686_CR12","unstructured":"Clinical Resource (2016) ACE Inhibitor antihypertensive dose comparison. Pharmacist's letter\/prescriber's letter, Resource #321151"},{"key":"3686_CR13","first-page":"660","volume":"62","author":"E Begic","year":"2017","unstructured":"Begic E, Mandzuka M, Begic Z et al (2017) Antihypertensive therapy dose calculator AFMBE Proceedings 62:660\u2013665","journal-title":"Antihypertensive therapy dose calculator AFMBE Proceedings"},{"key":"3686_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.52.6.377","volume":"52","author":"SH Downs","year":"1998","unstructured":"Downs SH, Black N (1998) The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. J Epidemiol Community Health 52:377\u2013384","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"3686_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1812851","volume":"380","author":"EJ Velazquez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Velazquez EJ, Morrow DA, DeVore AD et al (2019) Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition in acute decompensated heart failure. N Engl J Med 380:539\u2013548","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3686_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2076","volume":"23","author":"MF Piepoli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Piepoli MF, Hussain RI, Comin-Colet J et al (2021) OUTSTEP-HF: randomized controlled trial comparing short-term effects of sacubitril\/valsartan versus enalapril on daily physical activity in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail 23:127\u2013135","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"3686_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.12843","volume":"322","author":"AS Desai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Desai AS, Solomon SD, Shah AM et al (2019) Effect of sacubitril-valsartan vs enalapril on aortic stiffness in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 322:1077\u20131084","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3686_CR18","volume":"13","author":"S Bano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bano S, Bai P, Kumar S et al (2021) Comparison of sacubitril\/valsartan versus enalapril in the management of heart failure. Cureus 13:e16332","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"3686_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-20-0854","volume":"85","author":"H Tsutsui","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tsutsui H, Momomura S, Saito Y et al (2021) Efficacy and safety of sacubitril\/valsartan in Japanese patients with chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Results from the PARALLEL-HF study. Circ J 85:584\u2013594","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"3686_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2355","volume":"23","author":"M Halle","year":"2021","unstructured":"Halle M, Schobel C, Winzer EB et al (2021) A randomized clinical trial on the short-term effects of 12 week sacubitril\/valsartan vs. enalapril on peak oxygen consumption in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: results from the ACTIVITY-HF study. Eur J Heart Fail 23:2073\u20132082","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"3686_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s40256-020-00440-y","volume":"21","author":"RM Khandwalla","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khandwalla RM, Grant D, Birkeland K et al (2021) The AWAKE-HF study: sacubitril\/valsartan impact on daily physical activity and sleep in heart failure. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 21:241\u2013254","journal-title":"Am J Cardiovasc Drugs"},{"key":"3686_CR22","first-page":"21","volume":"10","author":"S Ghafur","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ghafur S, Zahid A, Sarkar H et al (2020) Effect of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibit versus valsartan on cardiac status in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a randomized clinical trial in Rangpur Medical College Hospital. Bangladesh Open J Intern Med 10:21\u201334","journal-title":"Bangladesh Open J Intern Med"},{"key":"3686_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/pul2.12034","volume":"12","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Tian LG, Zhang LX et al (2022) The comparative effects of sacubitril\/valsartan versus enalapril on pulmonary hypertension due to heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction. Pulm Circ 12:1\u20138","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"key":"3686_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2312","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.23.2312","volume":"100","author":"M Packer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Packer M, Poole-Wilson PA, Armstrong PW et al (1999) Comparative effects of low and high doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, on morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure. Circulation 100:2312\u20132318","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"3686_CR25","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"M Shahzeb Khan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shahzeb Khan M, Fonarow GC, Ahmed A et al (2017) Dose of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers and outcomes in heart failure. A meta-analysis Circ Heart Fail 10:1\u20138","journal-title":"A meta-analysis Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"3686_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61913-9","volume":"374","author":"MA Konstam","year":"2009","unstructured":"Konstam MA, Neaton JD, Dickstein K et al (2009) Effects of high-dose versus low-dose losartan on clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HEAAL study): a randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet 374:1840\u20131848","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3686_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.1996.tb09560.x","volume":"50","author":"J Yasky","year":"1996","unstructured":"Yasky J, Verho M, Erasmus TP et al (1996) Efficacy of ramipril versus enalapril in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Br J Clin Pract 50:302\u2013310","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pract"},{"key":"3686_CR28","unstructured":"McAuley D (2017) DRUG COMPARISONS -ACE INHIBITORS \u2013 MED EQUIVALENTS. Global RPH.\nhttps:\/\/globalrph.com\/medcalcs\/drug-comparisons-ace-inhibitors-medication-equivalents\/. Accessed 7 October 2023"},{"key":"3686_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1185\/03007998809110452","volume":"11","author":"J Zabludowski","year":"1988","unstructured":"Zabludowski J, Rosenfeld J, Akbary MA, Rangoonwala B, Schinzel S (1988) A multi-centre comparative study between ramipril and enalapril in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Curr Med Res Opin 11:93\u2013106","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"3686_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1993.tb02728.x","volume":"13","author":"MC Ruddy","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ruddy MC, Morczek WJ (1993) Comparison of enalapril and ramipril in patients with essential hypertension. Pharmacotherapy 13:224\u2013228","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"3686_CR31","unstructured":"(2023) Heart failure. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\nhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/heartdisease\/heart_failure.htm. Accessed 7 October 2023"},{"key":"3686_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.122.027662","volume":"11","author":"A Mukhopadhyay","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mukhopadhyay A, Adhikari S, Li X et al (2022) Association between copayment amount and filling of medications for angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors in patients with heart failure. J Am Heart Assoc 11:e027662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.122.027662","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-026-04161-0","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000}}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00228-024-03686-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00228-024-03686-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00228-024-03686-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T17:29:44Z","timestamp":1791826184000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00228-024-03686-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["3686"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00228-024-03686-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-6970","1432-1041"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-6970","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1041","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 September 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 April 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 October 2026","order":5,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":6,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00228-026-04161-0","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00228-026-04161-0","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Since this was a meta-analysis and individual human subjects were not involved, this study was exempted from needing approval by our local IRB or R&D committee.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study is a meta-analysis, and individual human subjects were not included, so consent was not needed.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}