{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T16:27:39Z","timestamp":1777307259325,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]],"date-time":"2024-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]],"date-time":"2024-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-024-03759-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T12:24:27Z","timestamp":1726662267000},"page":"1959-1966","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and renal cancer in the US FDA adverse event reporting system"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0594-9103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3037-3997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiecan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"3759_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","volume":"71","author":"H Sung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL et al (2021) Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 71(3):209\u2013249","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"7","key":"3759_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.2337\/db20-0084","volume":"69","author":"S Yuan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yuan S, Kar S, Carter P et al (2020) Is type 2 diabetes causally associated with cancer risk? Evidence from a two-sample mendelian randomization study. Diabetes 69(7):1588\u20131596","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"7","key":"3759_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0132","volume":"34","author":"HK Joh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Joh HK, Willett WC, Cho E (2011) Type 2 diabetes and the risk of renal cell cancer in women. Diabetes Care 34(7):1552\u20131556","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"3759_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142480","volume":"10","author":"CH Tseng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tseng CH (2015) Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and kidney cancer risk: a retrospective cohort analysis of the National Health Insurance. PLoS ONE 10(11):e0142480","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"3759_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1354","volume":"7","author":"H Tang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tang H, Shi W, Fu S et al (2018) Pioglitazone and bladder cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Med 7(4):1070\u20131080","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"3759_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2096","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13774","volume":"21","author":"EM Garry","year":"2019","unstructured":"Garry EM, Buse JB, Gokhale M et al (2019) Study design choices for evaluating the comparative safety of diabetes medications: an evaluation of pioglitazone use and risk of bladder cancer in older US adults with type-2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 21(9):2096\u20132106","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"3759_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"O'connor L, Bailey-Whyte M, Bhattacharya M et al. Association of metformin use and cancer incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst. Published online January 30, 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnci\/djae021","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djae021"},{"key":"3759_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2015.09.027","volume":"52","author":"CH Tseng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tseng CH (2016) Use of metformin and risk of kidney cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Cancer 52:19\u201325","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"16","key":"3759_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2014.08.007","volume":"50","author":"CH Tseng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tseng CH (2014) Metformin significantly reduces incident prostate cancer risk in Taiwanese men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Cancer 50(16):2831\u20132837","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"3759_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2171-z","volume":"54","author":"CH Tseng","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tseng CH (2011) Diabetes and risk of bladder cancer: a study using the National Health Insurance database in Taiwan. Diabetologia 54(8):2009\u20132015","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"3759_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1449","volume":"35","author":"CH Tseng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tseng CH (2012) Pioglitazone and bladder cancer: a population-based study of Taiwanese. Diabetes Care 35(2):278\u2013280","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"3759_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-031620-095920","volume":"83","author":"V Vallon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vallon V, Verma S (2021) Effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on kidney and cardiovascular function. Annu Rev Physiol 83:503\u2013528","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"issue":"9815","key":"3759_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60216-5","volume":"379","author":"TK Burki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Burki TK (2012) FDA rejects novel diabetes drug over safety fears. Lancet 379(9815):507","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3759_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xu B, Kang B, Li S, Fan S, Zhou J. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest. Published online March 26, 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40618-024-02351-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-024-02351-0"},{"issue":"6","key":"3759_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1177\/1091581814551648","volume":"33","author":"MS Bogdanffy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bogdanffy MS, Stachlewitz RF, van Tongeren S et al (2014) Nonclinical safety of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin. Int J Toxicol 33(6):436\u2013449","journal-title":"Int J Toxicol"},{"issue":"10","key":"3759_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4329","volume":"42","author":"JA Phillips","year":"2022","unstructured":"Phillips JA, Taub ME, Bogdanffy MS et al (2022) Mode of action and human relevance assessment of male CD-1 mouse renal adenocarcinoma associated with lifetime exposure to empagliflozin. J Appl Toxicol 42(10):1570\u20131584","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"3759_CR17","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Questions and Answers on FDA\u2019s Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/surveillance\/questions-and-answers-fdas-adverse-event-reporting-system-faers. Accessed 30 Jan 2024"},{"issue":"7","key":"3759_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3623","volume":"34","author":"M Sarangdhar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sarangdhar M, Tabar S, Schmidt C et al (2016) Data mining differential clinical outcomes associated with drug regimens using adverse event reporting data. Nat Biotechnol 34(7):697\u2013700","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"3759_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Noguchi Y, Tachi T, Teramachi H (2021) Detection algorithms and attentive points of safety signal using spontaneous reporting systems as a clinical data source. Brief Bioinform 22(6):bbab347","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbab347"},{"issue":"11","key":"3759_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242429","volume":"15","author":"SY Sung","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sung SY, Le TTH, Chen JH, Hsieh TF, Hsieh CL (2020) Alpha-1 blocker use increased risk of subsequent renal cell carcinoma: a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan. PLoS ONE 15(11):e0242429","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3759_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2023.110621","volume":"198","author":"BF Spiazzi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Spiazzi BF, Naibo RA, Wayerbacher LF et al (2023) Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and cancer outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 198:110621","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"3759_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e93","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-1917","volume":"45","author":"P Ueda","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ueda P, Svanstr\u00f6m H, Hviid A et al (2022) Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and risk of bladder and renal cancer: Scandinavian cohort study. Diabetes Care 45(5):e93\u2013e96","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"3759_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2016.10.017","volume":"170","author":"H Koepsell","year":"2017","unstructured":"Koepsell H (2017) The Na+-D-glucose cotransporters SGLT1 and SGLT2 are targets for the treatment of diabetes and cancer. Pharmacol Ther 170:148\u2013165","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"3759_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3737","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.902530","volume":"23","author":"H Kuang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kuang H, Liao L, Chen H, Kang Q, Shu X, Wang Y (2017) Therapeutic effect of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin on renal cell carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 23:3737\u20133745","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"1","key":"3759_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2011.01517.x","volume":"14","author":"R Grempler","year":"2012","unstructured":"Grempler R, Thomas L, Eckhardt M et al (2012) Empagliflozin, a novel selective sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor: characterisation and comparison with other SGLT-2 inhibitors. Diabetes Obes Metab 14(1):83\u201390","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"3759_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05880.x","volume":"97","author":"DA Barocas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Barocas DA, Rabbani F, Scherr DS, Vaughan ED Jr (2006) A population-based study of renal cell carcinoma and prostate cancer in the same patients. BJU Int 97(1):33\u201336","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"3759_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.210001","volume":"40","author":"CH Tseng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tseng CH (2022) The effect of metformin on male reproductive function and prostate: an updated review. World J Mens Health 40(1):11\u201329","journal-title":"World J Mens Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"3759_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.220133","volume":"41","author":"CH Tseng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tseng CH (2023) Effect of metformin on lower urinary tract symptoms in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study in Taiwan. World J Mens Health 41(3):680\u2013691","journal-title":"World J Mens Health"},{"key":"3759_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.799290","volume":"13","author":"CH Tseng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tseng CH (2022) Metformin\u2019s effects on varicocele, erectile dysfunction, infertility and prostate-related diseases: a retrospective cohort study. Front Pharmacol 13:799290","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3759_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2011.10.003","volume":"111","author":"CH Tseng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tseng CH (2012) Pioglitazone and bladder cancer in human studies: is it diabetes itself, diabetes drugs, flawed analyses or different ethnicities? J Formos Med Assoc 111(3):123\u2013131","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00228-024-03759-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00228-024-03759-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00228-024-03759-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,12]],"date-time":"2024-11-12T18:03:20Z","timestamp":1731434600000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00228-024-03759-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3759"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00228-024-03759-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-6970","1432-1041"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-6970","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1041","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 September 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 September 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.The contents of this manuscript are original, and nothing in the manuscript has been published anywhere else.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}