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Their increasing application has revealed various side effects, although only a few are currently recognized as drug-related adverse events, based on ongoing observations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review synthesizes positive and negative side effects linked to SGLT2i and proposes management strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A literature search of PubMed\/EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from the past 10 years identified randomized trials, meta-analyses, observational cohorts, and pharmacovigilance studies reporting SGLT2i-related events across genitourinary, endocrine, metabolic, hematologic, skeletal, and vascular domains.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data indicate an increased incidence of genital infections (GIs) in diabetic subjects, while associations with urinary tract infections (UTIs) are less consistent. Non-diabetic HF\/CKD patients show modest increases in GIs and UTIs. SGLT2i modestly increase hematocrit and may reveal clonal erythrocytosis. Rare conditions like Fournier\u2019s gangrene have been reported, though without a clearly increased risk in clinical trials: all the reported cases led to drug discontinuation. There is no conclusive evidence linking SGLT2i to fractures or osteoporosis, and risk of lower-limb amputation appears comparable to DPP-4 inhibitors, with some trend compared to GLP-1 receptor agonists, suggesting caution in patients with peripheral artery disease. Observational data suggest SGLT2i may protect against syncope and reduce acute kidney injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, SGLT2i are safe, with manageable adverse events such as GIs and UTIs. A thorough understanding of potential complications is essential for clinicians to optimize patients\u2019 management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-026-04023-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T06:36:18Z","timestamp":1773210978000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Beyond safety: adverse events and unanticipated advantages of SGLT2 inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Falsetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Tarquinio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciano","family":"Mucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Santini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Guerrieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Giovenali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Pierdomenico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Zaccone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Viticchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Moroncini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"4023_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2004967","volume":"383","author":"CP Cannon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cannon CP, Pratley R, Dagogo-Jack S et al (2020) Cardiovascular Outcomes with Ertugliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes. 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