{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T13:45:20Z","timestamp":1791985520105,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-026-04196-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:51:13Z","timestamp":1791982273000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cutaneous melanoma and JAK inhibitors: a disproportionality analysis in EudraVigilance"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7989-6951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Nogueiras-\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7026-1079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Montserrat","family":"Garc\u00eda Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8049-3030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urko","family":"Aguirre Larracoechea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"#cr-split#-4196_CR1.1","unstructured":"Hassel JC, Enk AH (2019) Melanoma. In: Kang S, Amagai M, Bruckner AL, Enk AH, Margolis DJ, McMichael AJ, Orringer JS. eds. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, 9e. McGraw-Hill Education"},{"key":"#cr-split#-4196_CR1.2","unstructured":"Accessed 20 Jan 2025. https:\/\/accessmedicine.mhmedical.com\/content.aspx?bookid=2570&sectionid=210435350"},{"key":"4196_CR2","volume-title":"GLOBOCAN 2012 v1.0, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC CancerBase No. 11 [Internet]","author":"J Ferlay","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Ervik M et al (2013) GLOBOCAN 2012 v1.0, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC CancerBase No. 11 [Internet]. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. http:\/\/globocan.iarc.fr"},{"key":"4196_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S99021","volume":"8","author":"FC Svedman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Svedman FC, Pillas D, Taylor A, Kaur M, Linder R, Hansson J (2016) Stage-specific survival and recurrence in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma in Europe - a systematic review of the literature. Clin Epidemiol 8:109\u2013122 Published 2016 May 26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CLEP.S99021","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4196_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.11648\/j.jctr.20160401.11","volume":"4","author":"R Arrangoiz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arrangoiz R, Dorantes J, Cordera F et al (2016) Melanoma review: epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and staging. J Cancer Treat Res 4(1):1\u201315","journal-title":"J Cancer Treat Res"},{"key":"4196_CR5","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency (2025) Xeljanz\u00ae - Summary of product characteristics. Accessed 11 April. https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/xeljanz-epar-product-information_en.pdf"},{"issue":"6","key":"4196_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.001","volume":"158","author":"PA Olivera","year":"2020","unstructured":"Olivera PA, Lasa JS, Bonovas S, Danese S, Peyrin-Biroulet L (2020) Safety of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases or Other Immune-mediated Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterology 158(6):1554\u20131573e12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.001","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"4196_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Solipuram V, Mohan A, Patel R, Ni R (2021) Effect of janus kinase inhibitors and methotrexate combination on malignancy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Auto Immun Highlights. ;12(1):8. Published 2021 Apr 28. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13317-021-00153-5","DOI":"10.1186\/s13317-021-00153-5"},{"issue":"4","key":"4196_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2109927","volume":"386","author":"SR Ytterberg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ytterberg SR, Bhatt DL, Mikuls TR et al (2022) Cardiovascular and Cancer Risk with Tofacitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis. N Engl J Med 386(4):316\u2013326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2109927","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"4196_CR9","unstructured":"ATC\/DDD (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical\/Defined Daily Dose) Index 2025. Available at: https:\/\/atcddd.fhi.no\/atc_ddd_index\/"},{"key":"4196_CR10","unstructured":"Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) website https:\/\/www.meddra.org\/; English MedDRA Version 28.1. Available at: https:\/\/www.meddra.org\/news-and-events\/news\/english-meddra-version-281-now-available-download"},{"issue":"3","key":"4196_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1678","volume":"107","author":"J Potts","year":"2020","unstructured":"Potts J, Genov G, Segec A, Raine J, Straus S, Arlett P (2020) Improving the Safety of Medicines in the European Union: From Signals to Action. Clin Pharmacol Ther 107(3):521\u2013529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpt.1678","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"4196_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.therap.2019.01.006","volume":"74","author":"JL Faillie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Faillie JL (2019) Case-non-case studies: Principle, methods, bias and interpretation. Therapies 74:225\u2013232","journal-title":"Therapies"},{"key":"4196_CR13","unstructured":"Screening for adverse reactions in EudraVigilance (19 (2016) December EMA\/849944\/2016. Inspections, Human Medicines, Pharmacovigilance and Committees Division. Available at: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/other\/screening-adverse-reactions-eudravigilance_en.pdf"},{"issue":"6","key":"4196_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-024-01423-7","volume":"47","author":"M Fusaroli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fusaroli M, Salvo F, Begaud B et al (2024) The REporting of A Disproportionality Analysis for DrUg Safety Signal Detection Using Individual Case Safety Reports in PharmacoVigilance (READUS-PV): Explanation and Elaboration. Drug Saf 47(6):585\u2013599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40264-024-01423-7","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"6","key":"4196_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.therap.2022.04.005","volume":"77","author":"C Jalles","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jalles C, Lepelley M, Mouret S, Charles J, Leccia MT, Trabelsi S (2022) Skin cancers under Janus kinase inhibitors: A World Health Organization drug safety database analysis. Therapie 77(6):649\u2013656. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.therap.2022.04.005","journal-title":"Therapie"},{"issue":"4","key":"4196_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-025-00932-0","volume":"26","author":"B King","year":"2025","unstructured":"King B, Mostaghimi A, Shimomura Y et al (2025) Safety of Baricitinib in Adults with Severe Alopecia Areata from Two Phase III Trials Over a Median of 2.3 Years and Up to 4 Years of Treatment. Am J Clin Dermatol 26(4):611\u2013622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40257-025-00932-0","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4196_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.10.004","volume":"86","author":"JQ Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin JQ, Li SQ, Li S et al (2022) A 10-year retrospective cohort study of ruxolitinib and association with nonmelanoma skin cancer in patients with polycythemia vera and myelofibrosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 86(2):339\u2013344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.10.004","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4196_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.17192","volume":"193","author":"N Polverelli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Polverelli N, Elli EM, Abruzzese E et al (2021) Second primary malignancy in myelofibrosis patients treated with ruxolitinib. Br J Haematol 193(2):356\u2013368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.17192","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4196_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2707","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-021-04647-0","volume":"100","author":"R Sekhri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sekhri R, Sadjadian P, Becker T et al (2021) Ruxolitinib-treated polycythemia vera patients and their risk of secondary malignancies. Ann Hematol 100(11):2707\u20132716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-021-04647-0","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4196_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4089","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.2107","volume":"8","author":"B Mora","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mora B, Rumi E, Guglielmelli P et al (2019) Second primary malignancies in postpolycythemia vera and postessential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis: A study on 2233 patients. Cancer Med 8(9):4089\u20134092. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.2107","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"4196_CR21","unstructured":"A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Upadacitinib (ABT-494) for Induction and Maintenance Therapy in Participants With Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis (UC). ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02819635. Available at: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT02819635?cond=NCT02819635&rank=1"},{"issue":"8","key":"4196_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.02.030","volume":"158","author":"WJ Sandborn","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sandborn WJ, Ghosh S, Panes J et al (2020) Efficacy of Upadacitinib in a Randomized Trial of Patients With Active Ulcerative Colitis. Gastroenterology 158(8):2139\u20132149e14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.02.030. published correction appears in Gastroenterology. 2020;159(3):1192. doi: 10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.08.040","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"4196_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e004007","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-004007","volume":"10","author":"R Fleischmann","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fleischmann R, Swierkot J, Penn SK et al (2024) Long-term safety and efficacy of upadacitinib versus adalimumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: 5-year data from the phase 3, randomised SELECT-COMPARE study. RMD Open 10(2):e004007 Published 2024 May 28. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-004007","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"4196_CR24","unstructured":"The UMC Measures of Disproportionate Reporting Available at: https:\/\/who-umc.org\/media\/164041\/measures-of-disproportionate-reporting_2016.pdf"},{"issue":"4","key":"4196_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12256","volume":"92","author":"O Moulard","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moulard O, Mehta J, Fryzek J, Olivares R, Iqbal U, Mesa RA (2014) Epidemiology of myelofibrosis, essential thrombocythemia, and polycythemia vera in the European Union. Eur J Haematol 92(4):289\u2013297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ejh.12256","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4196_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.4415\/ANN_16_02_12","volume":"52","author":"E Ortona","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ortona E, Pierdominici M, Maselli A, Veroni C, Aloisi F, Shoenfeld Y (2016) Sex-based differences in autoimmune diseases. Ann Ist Super Sanita 52(2):205\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4415\/ANN_16_02_12","journal-title":"Ann Ist Super Sanita"},{"issue":"1","key":"4196_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01468-7","volume":"8","author":"C Xue","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xue C, Yao Q, Gu X et al (2023) Evolving cognition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway: autoimmune disorders and cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 8(1):204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-023-01468-7. Published 2023 May 19","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"4196_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-7-34","volume":"7","author":"T Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez T, M\u00e9ndez R, Del Campo A et al (2007) Distinct mechanisms of loss of IFN-gamma mediated HLA class I inducibility in two melanoma cell lines. BMC Cancer 7:34 Published 2007 Feb 23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2407-7-34","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"4196_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00847","volume":"9","author":"F Castro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Castro F, Cardoso AP, Gon\u00e7alves RM, Serre K, Oliveira MJ (2018) Interferon-Gamma at the Crossroads of Tumor Immune Surveillance or Evasion. Front Immunol 9:847 Published 2018 May 4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00847","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4196_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2015.11.011","volume":"89","author":"K Meissl","year":"2017","unstructured":"Meissl K, Macho-Maschler S, M\u00fcller M, Strobl B (2017) The good and the bad faces of STAT1 in solid tumours. Cytokine 89:12\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cyto.2015.11.011","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"12","key":"4196_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11122002","volume":"11","author":"KL Owen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Owen KL, Brockwell NK, Parker BS, JAK-STAT Signaling (2019) A Double-Edged Sword of Immune Regulation and Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 11(12):2002 Published 2019 Dec 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers11122002","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"4196_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.233","volume":"113","author":"SJ Thomas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thomas SJ, Snowden JA, Zeidler MP, Danson SJ (2015) The role of JAK\/STAT signalling in the pathogenesis, prognosis and treatment of solid tumours. Br J Cancer 113(3):365\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bjc.2015.233","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"4196_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2022.11.043","volume":"88","author":"MA Kreher","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kreher MA, Konda S, Noland MMB, Longo MI, Valdes-Rodriguez R (2023) Risk of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer with immunosuppressants, part II: Methotrexate, alkylating agents, biologics, and small molecule inhibitors. J Am Acad Dermatol 88(3):534\u2013542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2022.11.043","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"4196_CR34","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency (2025) Cibinqo\u00ae - Summary of product characteristics. Available at: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/cibinqo-epar-product-information_en.pdf Accessed April 11"},{"key":"4196_CR35","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency (2025) Olumiant\u00ae - Summary of product characteristics. Available at: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/olumiant-epar-product-information_en.pdf Accessed April 11"},{"key":"4196_CR36","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency (2025) Anzupgo\u00ae - Summary of product characteristics. Available at: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/anzupgo-epar-product-information_en.pdf Accessed April 11"},{"key":"4196_CR37","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency (2025) Sotyktu\u00ae - Summary of product characteristics. Available at: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/sotyktu-epar-product-information_en.pdf Accessed April 11"},{"key":"4196_CR38","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency (2025) Jyseleca\u00ae - Summary of product characteristics. Available at: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/jyseleca-epar-product-information_en.pdf Accessed April 11"},{"key":"4196_CR39","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency (2025) Jakavi\u00ae - Summary of product characteristics. Available at: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/jakavi-epar-product-information_en.pdf Accessed April 11"},{"key":"4196_CR40","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency (2025) Litfulo\u00ae - Summary of product characteristics. Available at: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/litfulo-epar-product-information_en.pdf Accessed April 11"},{"key":"4196_CR41","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency (2025) Rinvoq\u00ae - Summary of product characteristics. Available at: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/product-information\/rinvoq-epar-product-information_en.pdf Accessed April 11"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00228-026-04196-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00228-026-04196-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00228-026-04196-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:51:21Z","timestamp":1791982281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00228-026-04196-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["4196"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00228-026-04196-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-6970","1432-1041"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-6970","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1041","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The Research Ethics Committee of the Barrualde-Galdakao Integrated Health Organisation reviewed and approved this study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Clinical trial number","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"269"}}