{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:51:23Z","timestamp":1791514283897,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-026-04197-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:30:21Z","timestamp":1791513021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ketamine and esketamine during breastfeeding: a systematic review of human pharmacokinetic, infant and lactation outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0914-0539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam","family":"Olivola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3344-1000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vassilis","family":"Martiadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8528-0480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiziano","family":"Prodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Anniverno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9370-5365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardo","family":"Dell\u2019Osso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5772-6731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Zizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma Laura","family":"Facchinetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Serafini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2932-9235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Guglielmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"4197_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1054887","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.1054887","volume":"13","author":"R Guglielmo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guglielmo R, de Filippis R, Ouanes S, Hasler G (2022) Editorial: the glutamate hypothesis of mood disorders: neuroplasticity processes, clinical features, treatment perspectives. Front Psychiatry 13:1054887. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.1054887","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"4197_CR2","unstructured":"Janssen Pharmaceuticals (2026) SPRAVATO (esketamine hydrochloride) nasal spray: US prescribing information. DailyMed. https:\/\/dailymed.nlm.nih.gov. Accessed 21 August 2026"},{"key":"4197_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18022","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.22","volume":"4","author":"S Meltzer-Brody","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meltzer-Brody S, Howard LM, Bergink V, Vigod S, Jones I, Munk-Olsen T, Honikman S, Milgrom J (2018) Postpartum psychiatric disorders. Nat Rev Dis Primers 4:18022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2018.22","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"4197_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15r10174","volume":"77","author":"EQ Cox","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cox EQ, Sowa NA, Meltzer-Brody SE, Gaynes BN (2016) The perinatal depression treatment cascade: baby steps toward improving outcomes. J Clin Psychiatry 77:1189\u20131200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4088\/JCP.15r10174","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"4197_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00230-9","volume":"47","author":"RM Berman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Berman RM, Cappiello A, Anand A et al (2000) Antidepressant effects of ketamine in depressed patients. Biol Psychiatry 47:351\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00230-9","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4197_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.1189","volume":"76","author":"EJ Daly","year":"2019","unstructured":"Daly EJ, Trivedi MH, Janik A et al (2019) Efficacy of esketamine nasal spray plus oral antidepressant treatment for relapse prevention in patients with treatment-resistant depression: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry 76:893\u2013903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.1189","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"4197_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174550651984404","DOI":"10.1177\/1745506519844044","volume":"15","author":"J Slomian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Slomian J, Honvo G, Emonts P, Reginster JY, Bruyere O (2019) Consequences of maternal postpartum depression: a systematic review of maternal and infant outcomes. Womens Health (Lond) 15:1745506519844044. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1745506519844044","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"key":"4197_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.09.043","volume":"319","author":"G Martinotti","year":"2022","unstructured":"Martinotti G, Vita A, Fagiolini A et al (2022) Real-world experience of esketamine use to manage treatment-resistant depression: a multicentric study on safety and effectiveness (REAL-ESK study). J Affect Disord 319:646\u2013654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2022.09.043","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"4197_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2026.12233","author":"R Guglielmo","year":"2026","unstructured":"Guglielmo R, Olivola M, Inuggi A et al (2026) Functional outcomes with esketamine in treatment-resistant depression: a 6-month multicenter real-world study. Eur Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2026.12233","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"4197_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-025-01210-7","volume":"39","author":"R Guglielmo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guglielmo R, Marino M, Briasco E et al (2025) Predictors of esketamine response in treatment-resistant depression: the role of temperament and cumulative treatment resistance. CNS Drugs 39:1187\u20131191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40263-025-01210-7","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"4197_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394787","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1394787","volume":"15","author":"M Di Vincenzo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Di Vincenzo M, Martiadis V, Della Rocca B et al (2024) Facts and myths about use of esketamine for treatment-resistant depression: a narrative clinical review. Front Psychiatry 15:1394787. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1394787","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"4197_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01024-7","volume":"387","author":"CG Victora","year":"2016","unstructured":"Victora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJD, Fran\u00e7a GVA, Horton S, Krasevec J, Murch S, Sankar MJ, Walker N, Rollins NC (2016) Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. Lancet 387:475\u2013490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01024-7","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4197_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1992.tb04077.x","volume":"33","author":"EJ Begg","year":"1992","unstructured":"Begg EJ, Atkinson HC, Duffull SB (1992) Prospective evaluation of a model for the prediction of milk:plasma drug concentrations from physicochemical characteristics. Br J Clin Pharmacol 33:501\u2013505","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"4197_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.18773\/austprescr.2015.056","volume":"38","author":"N Hotham","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hotham N, Hotham E (2015) Drugs in breastfeeding. Aust Prescr 38:156\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18773\/austprescr.2015.056","journal-title":"Aust Prescr"},{"key":"4197_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12479","volume":"445","author":"ER Larsen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Larsen ER, Damkier P, Pedersen LH et al (2015) Use of psychotropic drugs during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 445:1\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acps.12479","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl"},{"key":"4197_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM et al (2021) The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 372:n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4197_CR17","unstructured":"Guglielmo R, Olivola M (2026) Ketamine and esketamine use during breastfeeding: a systematic review of drug transfer, pharmacokinetics, and infant safety, with implications for psychiatric practice. PROSPERO CRD420261364557. https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/CRD420261364557. Accessed 21 August 2026"},{"key":"4197_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h870","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h870","volume":"350","author":"A Iorio","year":"2015","unstructured":"Iorio A, Spencer FA, Falavigna M et al (2015) Use of GRADE for assessment of evidence about prognosis: rating confidence in estimates of event rates in broad categories of patients. BMJ 350:h870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.h870","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4197_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2022.2101903","volume":"55","author":"P Wolfson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wolfson P, Cole R, Lynch K, Yun C, Wallach J, Andries J, Whippo M (2023) The pharmacokinetics of ketamine in the breast milk of lactating women: quantification of ketamine and metabolites. J Psychoact Drugs 55:354\u2013358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02791072.2022.2101903","journal-title":"J Psychoact Drugs"},{"key":"4197_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000001711","volume":"43","author":"E Majdinasab","year":"2023","unstructured":"Majdinasab E, Datta P, Krutsch K, Baker T, Hale TW (2023) Pharmacokinetics of ketamine transfer into human milk. J Clin Psychopharmacol 43:407\u2013410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JCP.0000000000001711","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"4197_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2023.115502","volume":"234","author":"A Shahane","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shahane A, Zhao W, Pakalapati N, Alshogran OY, Caritis SN, Lim G, Shaik IH, Venkataramanan R (2023) Simultaneous quantitation of ketamine, norketamine and dehydronorketamine in human milk using a novel ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS\/MS) assay. J Pharm Biomed Anal 234:115502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2023.115502","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"key":"4197_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-021-03610-1","volume":"21","author":"ME Gilder","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gilder ME, Tun NW, Carter A et al (2021) Outcomes for 298 breastfed neonates whose mothers received ketamine and diazepam for postpartum tubal ligation in a resource-limited setting. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 21:121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-021-03610-1","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"4197_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.1999.430405.x","volume":"43","author":"D Ortega","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ortega D, Viviand X, Lorec AM, Gamerre M, Martin C, Bruguerolle B (1999) Excretion of lidocaine and bupivacaine in breast milk following epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 43:394\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1034\/j.1399-6576.1999.430405.x","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"4197_CR24","first-page":"21","volume":"3","author":"JA Mokube","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mokube JA, Verla VS, Mbome VN, Bitang AT (2009) Burns in pregnancy: a case report from Buea Regional Hospital, Cameroon. Pan Afr Med J 3:21","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"4197_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202734","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1202734","volume":"14","author":"T Han","year":"2023","unstructured":"Han T, Chen Q, Huang J, Zhang J, Li A, Xu W, Peng Z, Li Z, Chen L (2023) Low-dose esketamine with sufentanil for postcesarean analgesia in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 14:1202734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2023.1202734","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"4197_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000002348","author":"T Chu","year":"2026","unstructured":"Chu T, Peng X, Wan K et al (2026) Prophylactic esketamine to reduce postpartum depression in primiparae: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised clinical trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EJA.0000000000002348","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"4197_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1837631","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1837631","volume":"13","author":"H Chen","year":"2026","unstructured":"Chen H, An L, Zhang P, Xiao M, Wang Q (2026) The effect of esketamine on sleep disorders in parturients undergoing cesarean section under general anesthesia: a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled prospective study. Front Med (Lausanne) 13:1837631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1837631","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"4197_CR28","first-page":"774","volume":"78","author":"E Suppa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Suppa E, Valente A, Catarci S, Zanfini BA, Draisci G (2012) A study of low-dose S-ketamine infusion as preventive pain treatment for cesarean section with spinal anesthesia: benefits and side effects. Minerva Anestesiol 78:774\u2013781","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"4197_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"UC04","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/21437.9434","volume":"11","author":"M Jaafarpour","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jaafarpour M, Vasigh A, Khajavikhan J, Khani A (2017) Effect of ketofol on pain and complication after caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. J Clin Diagn Res 11:UC04\u2013UC07. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2017\/21437.9434","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"4197_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-022-05118-8","volume":"22","author":"DT Monks","year":"2022","unstructured":"Monks DT, Palanisamy A, Jaffer D et al (2022) A randomized feasibility pilot-study of intravenous and subcutaneous administration of ketamine to prevent postpartum depression after planned cesarean delivery under neuraxial anesthesia. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 22:786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-022-05118-8","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"4197_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e078218","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-078218","volume":"385","author":"S Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang S, Deng CM, Zeng Y et al (2024) Efficacy of a single low dose of esketamine after childbirth for mothers with symptoms of prenatal depression: randomised clinical trial. BMJ 385:e078218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2023-078218","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4197_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.62347\/EUOK7911","volume":"18","author":"R Jing","year":"2026","unstructured":"Jing R, Tu Y (2026) Single low-dose esketamine improves postpartum depression symptoms and recovery quality in cesarean section women. Am J Transl Res 18:1287\u20131297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.62347\/EUOK7911","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"4197_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-025-02868-y","volume":"25","author":"XQ Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang XQ, Li S, Qin XL (2025) Impact of esketamine intravenous analgesic pump on pain and depression post-cesarean. BMC Surg 25:144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12893-025-02868-y","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"key":"4197_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1661604","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1661604","volume":"16","author":"A Christnacht","year":"2026","unstructured":"Christnacht A, Eparwa TR, Whinkin E, Aggarwal S (2026) Ketamine assisted psychotherapy in postpartum mood and anxiety disorders: a limited case series. Front Psychiatry 16:1661604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1661604","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"4197_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600710516","volume":"71","author":"JA Clements","year":"1982","unstructured":"Clements JA, Nimmo WS, Grant IS (1982) Bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and analgesic activity of ketamine in humans. J Pharm Sci 71:539\u2013542","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"4197_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02698811261456187","author":"JC van Mechelen","year":"2026","unstructured":"van Mechelen JC, Wieles TA, Borghans LGJM, Otto ME, Juachon MJ, Gillespie AL, van Noorden MS, Harmer CJ, van Hemert AM, van Gerven JMA, Jacobs GE (2026) Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of orally administered S-ketamine in healthy participants. J Psychopharmacol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02698811261456187","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"4197_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2011.03548.x","volume":"21","author":"KEJ Brunette","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brunette KEJ, Anderson BJ, Thomas J, Wiesner L, Herd DW, Schulein S (2011) Exploring the pharmacokinetics of oral ketamine in children undergoing burns procedures. Paediatr Anaesth 21:653\u2013662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2011.03548.x","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"4197_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15051469","volume":"15","author":"N Nauwelaerts","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nauwelaerts N, Macente J, Deferm N, Bonan RH, Huang MC, Van Neste M, Bibi D, Badee J, Martins FS, Smits A, Allegaert K, Bouillon T, Annaert P (2023) Generic workflow to predict medicine concentrations in human milk using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling: a contribution from the ConcePTION project. Pharmaceutics 15:1469. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics15051469","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"4197_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1159\/000521949","volume":"119","author":"D Snyers","year":"2022","unstructured":"Snyers D, Tribolet S, Rigo V (2022) Intranasal analgosedation for infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: a systematic review. Neonatology 119:273\u2013284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000521949","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"4197_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F221","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-312808","volume":"103","author":"C Mil\u00e9si","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mil\u00e9si C, Baleine J, Mura T, Benito-Castro F, Ferragu F, Thiriez G, Th\u00e9venot P, Combes C, Carbajal R, Cambonie G (2018) Nasal midazolam vs ketamine for neonatal intubation in the delivery room: a randomised trial. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 103:F221\u2013F226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2017-312808","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"4197_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Neville MC, Morton J (2001) Physiology and endocrine changes underlying human lactogenesis II. J Nutr 131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jn\/131.11.3005S. :3005S-3008S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.11.3005S"},{"key":"4197_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122405","author":"V Martiadis","year":"2026","unstructured":"Martiadis V, Raffone F, Mazzoni F et al (2026) Suicidal ideation covaries with depressive severity during six-month real-world esketamine treatment in a cohort enriched for borderline personality disorder. J Affect Disord. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2026.122405","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"4197_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci16020196","volume":"16","author":"M Olivola","year":"2026","unstructured":"Olivola M, Prodi T, Versaci G et al (2026) Narrative experiences of esketamine-induced dissociation in patients with treatment-resistant depression: a qualitative exploratory study. Brain Sci 16:196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci16020196","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"4197_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.70128","author":"J Mitchell","year":"2026","unstructured":"Mitchell J, Jones W, Morris S, Cohen M, Breckenridge F, Baruah-Young J, Fletcher G, Edwards S, White M, Wiles MD (2026) Guidelines for anaesthesia and sedation for patients who are breastfeeding: guidelines from the Association of Anaesthetists. Anaesthesia. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anae.70128","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"4197_CR45","unstructured":"National Library of Medicine (2026) Ketamine. Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK500566\/. Accessed 21 August 2026"},{"key":"4197_CR46","unstructured":"National Library of Medicine (2026) Esketamine. Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK540690\/. Accessed 21 August 2026"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00228-026-04197-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00228-026-04197-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00228-026-04197-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:30:24Z","timestamp":1791513024000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00228-026-04197-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["4197"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00228-026-04197-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-6970","1432-1041"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-6970","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1041","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 September 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 October 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This review synthesised published and deidentified data and did not involve human participants or animals.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate <b>and consent to publish<\/b>","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"PROSPERO CRD420261364557, registered 10 April 2026, before eligibility screening, data extraction, risk-of-bias assessment and synthesis.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Review registration","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Miriam Olivola has participated as an investigator in clinical studies sponsored by Johnson & Johnson and has received honoraria for lectures and\/or presentations at scientific congresses from Otsuka and Lundbeck. The other authors declare that they have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"267"}}