{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T16:13:39Z","timestamp":1772122419389,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]],"date-time":"2019-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553558400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroradiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-019-02192-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]],"date-time":"2019-03-26T07:02:23Z","timestamp":1553583743000},"page":"659-666","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Are gait changes linked to CSF flow changes in the sagittal sinus?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4366-124X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Bateman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Marquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Osmotherly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2192_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(65)90016-X","volume":"2","author":"S Hakim","year":"1965","unstructured":"Hakim S, Adams R (1965) The special clinical problem of symptomatic hydrocephalus with normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Observations on cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics. J Neurol Sci 2(4):307\u2013327","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2192_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2\u201340","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000168187.01077.2F","volume":"57","author":"P Klinge","year":"2005","unstructured":"Klinge P, Marmarou A, Bergsneider M, Relkin N, Black PM (2005) Outcome of shunting in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus and the value of outcome assessment in shunted patients. Neurosurgery 57(3):S2\u201340\u2013S42\u201352","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"2192_CR3","first-page":"S2","volume":"57","author":"N Relkin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Relkin N, Marmarou A, Klinge P, Bergsneider M, Black PM (2005) Diagnosing idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery 57(3):S2\u20134-S2-16","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"2192_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.151388","volume":"6","author":"F Khan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khan F, Rehman A, Shamim MS, Bari ME (2015) Factors affecting ventriculoperitoneal shunt survival in adult patients. Surg Neurol Int 6:25. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2152-7806.151388","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"2192_CR5","first-page":"1071","volume":"70","author":"M Verres","year":"2004","unstructured":"Verres M, Selman W (2004) Management of normal pressure hydrocephalus. Am Fam Physician 70(6):1071\u20131078","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"issue":"3","key":"2192_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2\u201329","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000168186.45363.4D","volume":"57","author":"M Bergsneider","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bergsneider M, Black PM, Klinge P, Marmarou A, Relkin N (2005) Surgical management of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery 57(3):S2\u201329\u2013S22\u201339","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"2192_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2008.02.003","volume":"110","author":"LD Ravdin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ravdin LD, Katzen HL, Jackson AE, Tsakanikas D, Assuras S, Relkin NR (2008) Features of gait most responsive to tap test in normal pressure hydrocephalus. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 110(5):455\u2013461","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2192_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000371972.74630.EC","volume":"67","author":"M Mirzayan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mirzayan M, Luetjens G, Borremans J, Regel J (2010) Extended long term (>5 years) outcome of cerebrospinal fluid shunting in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery 67(2):295\u2013301","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"2192_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2004.04.019","volume":"63","author":"G Bateman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bateman G (2004) The role of altered impedance in the pathophysiology of normal pressure hydrocephalus, Alzheimer\u2019s disease and syringomyelia. Med Hypotheses 63:980\u2013985","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"2192_CR10","first-page":"S2-17","volume-title":"Neurosurgery 57 (3):S2\u201317-S12\u201328","author":"A Marmarou","year":"2005","unstructured":"Marmarou A, Bergsneider M, Klinge P, Relkin N, Black PM (2005) The value of supplemental prognostic tests for the preoperative assessment of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus. In: Neurosurgery 57 (3):S2\u201317-S12\u201328, vol 57, pp S2-17\u2013S2-28"},{"key":"2192_CR11","first-page":"1393","volume-title":"Bradley\u2019s neurology in clinical practice","author":"R Daroff","year":"2012","unstructured":"Daroff R, Fenichel G, Jankovic J, Mazziotta J (2012) Brain edema and disorders of cerebrospinal fluid circulation. In: Rosenberg G (ed) Bradley\u2019s neurology in clinical practice, vol 6. Elsevier, Philadelphia, pp 1393\u20131395"},{"key":"2192_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2010.01420.x","volume":"123","author":"Z Czosnyka","year":"2011","unstructured":"Czosnyka Z, Owler B, Keong N (2011) Impact of duration of symptoms on CSF dynamics in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Acta Neurol Scand 123:414\u2013418","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"issue":"1","key":"2192_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00313582","volume":"10","author":"HD Portnoy","year":"1994","unstructured":"Portnoy HD, Branch C, Castro ME (1994) The relationship of intracranial venous pressure to hydrocephalus. Childs Nerv Syst 10(1):29\u201335. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00313582","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"2192_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.37.5.868","volume":"37","author":"NR Graff-Radford","year":"1987","unstructured":"Graff-Radford NR, Godersky JC (1987) Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and systemic hypertension. Neurology 37:868\u2013871","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2192_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003583","volume":"88","author":"H Israelsson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Israelsson H, Carlberg B, Wikkels\u00f6 C, Laurell K, Kahlon B, Leijon G, Eklund A, Malm J (2017) Vascular risk factors in INPH. A prospective case-control study (the INPH-CRasH study). Neurology 88(6):577\u2013585. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.0000000000003583","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2192_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.27.1.24","volume":"27","author":"JK Krauss","year":"1996","unstructured":"Krauss JK, Regel JP, Vach W, Droste DW, Borremans JJ, Mergner T (1996) Vascular risk factors and arteriosclerotic disease in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus of the elderly. Stroke 27:24\u201329","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2192_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(03)00487-3","volume":"2","author":"G Silverberg","year":"2003","unstructured":"Silverberg G, Mayo M, Saul T, Rubenstien E, McGuire D (2003) Alzheimer's disease, normal pressure hydrocephalus, and senescent changes in CSF circulatory physiology: a hypothesis. Lancet Neurol 2:506\u2013511","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2192_CR18","first-page":"20","volume":"5","author":"G Bateman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bateman G (2010) Hyperemic hydrocephalus: a new form of childhood hydrocephalus analogous to hyperemic intracranial hypertension in adults. J Neurosurg: Paediatrics 5(1):20\u201326","journal-title":"J Neurosurg: Paediatrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"2192_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-011-1549-z","volume":"27","author":"G Bateman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bateman G, Napier B (2011) External hydrocephalus in infants: six cases with MR venogram and flow quantification correlation. Childs Nerv Syst 27(12):2087\u20132096. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-011-1549-z","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"2192_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1965.23.2.0169","volume":"23","author":"K Shulmann","year":"1965","unstructured":"Shulmann K, Ransohoff J (1965) Sagittal sinus venous pressure in hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg 23(2):169\u2013173","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"7","key":"2192_CR21","first-page":"1180","volume":"23","author":"GA Bateman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bateman GA (2002) Vascular hydraulics associated with idiopathic and secondary intracranial hypertension. Am J Neuroradiol 23(7):1180\u20131186","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2192_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-002-0812-0","volume":"44","author":"G Bateman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bateman G (2002) Pulse-wave encephalopathy: a comparative study of the hydrodynamics of leukoaraiosis and normal-pressure hydrocephalus. Neuroradiology 44(9):740\u2013747","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2192_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-006-2231-7","volume":"78","author":"FT Al-Zain","year":"2007","unstructured":"Al-Zain FT, Rademacher G, Lemcke J, Mutze J, Meier U (2007) Idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus. Flow measurement of cerebrospinal fluid using phase contrast MRI and its diagnostics importance. Nervenarzt 78(2):181\u2013187. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00115-006-2231-7","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"issue":"2","key":"2192_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.198.2.8596861","volume":"198","author":"WG Bradley Jr","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bradley WG Jr, Scalzo D, Queralt J, Nitz WN, Atkinson DJ, Wong P (1996) Normal-pressure hydrocephalus: evaluation with cerebrospinal fluid flow measurements at MR imaging. Radiology 198(2):523\u2013529. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiology.198.2.8596861","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2192_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002193","volume":"85","author":"J Halperin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Halperin J, Kurlan R, Schwalb J, Cusimano M, Gronseth G, Gloss D (2015) Practice guideline: idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: response to shunting and predictors of response. Neurology 85:2063\u20132071","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2192_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.68.6.778","volume":"68","author":"J Golomb","year":"2000","unstructured":"Golomb J, Wisoff J, Miller DC, Boksay I, Kluger A, Weiner H, Salton J, Graves W (2000) Alzheimer\u2019s disease comorbidity in normal pressure hydrocephalus: prevalence and shunt response. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 68(6):778\u2013781. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.68.6.778","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2192_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1159\/000090510","volume":"21","author":"A Ogino","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ogino A, Kazui H, Miyoshi N, Hashimoto M, Ohkawa S (2006) Cognitive impairment in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 21:113\u2013119","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"2192_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0241","volume":"40","author":"D Feick","year":"2008","unstructured":"Feick D, Sickmond J, Liu L, Metellus P (2008) Sensitivity and predictive value of occupational and physical therapy assessments in the functional evaluation of patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus. J Rehabil Med 40:715\u2013720","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2192_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03486.x","volume":"19","author":"J Virhammar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Virhammar J, Cesarini KG, Laurell K (2012) The CSF tap test in normal pressure hydrocephalus: evaluation time, reliability and the influence of pain. Eur J Neurol 19(2):271\u2013276","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"2192_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.52.775","volume":"52","author":"E Mori","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mori E, Ishikawa M, Kato T, Kazui H, Miyake H, Miyajima M (2012) Guidelines for management of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: second edition. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 52:775\u2013809","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"issue":"11","key":"2192_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.03.018","volume":"99","author":"R Gallagher","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gallagher R, Marquez J, Osmotherly P (2018) Gait and balance measures can identify change from a cerebrospinal fluid tap test in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 99(11):2244\u20132250. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.03.018","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2192_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gallagher R, Marquez J, Osmotherly P (2018) Clinimetric properties and minimally clinically important differences for a battery of mobility, balance and cognitive tests for normal pressure hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery Published ahead of print. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/neuros\/nyy286","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyy286"},{"key":"2192_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ringstad G, Emblem KE, Geier O, Alperin N, Eide PK (2015) Aqueductal stroke volume: comparisons with intracranial pressure scores in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 36(9):1623\u20131630. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A4340","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4340"},{"key":"2192_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El Sankari S, Fichten A, Gondry-Jouet C, Czosnyka M, Legars D, Deramond H, Baledent O (2012) Correlation between tap test and CSF aqueductal stroke volume in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Acta Neurochir Suppl 113:43\u201346","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-0923-6_9"}],"container-title":["Neuroradiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00234-019-02192-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00234-019-02192-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00234-019-02192-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]],"date-time":"2020-03-25T00:06:32Z","timestamp":1585094792000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00234-019-02192-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["2192"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00234-019-02192-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3940","1432-1920"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3940","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1920","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 October 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 March 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in the studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The Hunter New England Human Research Ethics Committee approved this study. All participants gave written informed consent prior to data collection beginning. Reference: 13\/06\/19\/4.02.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}