{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:17:14Z","timestamp":1786979834700,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]],"date-time":"2019-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]],"date-time":"2019-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Umea University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroradiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-019-02273-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]],"date-time":"2019-08-09T19:02:41Z","timestamp":1565377361000},"page":"1397-1406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Standardized image evaluation in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: consistency and reproducibility"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4686-0941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"Kockum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Virhammar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrine","family":"Riklund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elna-Marie","family":"Larsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarina","family":"Laurell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2273_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196507152730301","volume":"273","author":"RD Adams","year":"1965","unstructured":"Adams RD, Fisher CM, Hakim S, Ojemann RG, Sweet WH (1965) Symptomatic occult hydrocephalus with \u201cnormal\u201d cerebrospinal-fluid pressure. A treatable syndrome. N Engl J Med 273:117\u2013126","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2273_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mori E, Ishikawa M, Kato T, Kazui H, Miyake H, Miyajima M, Nakajima M, Hashimoto M, Kuriyama N, Tokuda T, Ishii K, Kaijima M, Hirata Y, Saito M, Arai H, Japanese Society of Normal Pressure H (2012) Guidelines for management of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: second edition. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 52 (11):775\u2013809","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.52.775"},{"issue":"suppl_3","key":"2273_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2-4-S2-16","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000168185.29659.C5","volume":"57","author":"Norman Relkin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Relkin N, Marmarou A, Klinge P, Bergsneider M, Black PM (2005) Diagnosing idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery 57(3 Suppl):S4\u2013S16 discussion ii-v","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"10","key":"2273_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2691","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx191","volume":"140","author":"G Ringstad","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ringstad G, Vatnehol SAS, Eide PK (2017) Glymphatic MRI in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Brain 140(10):2691\u20132705","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2273_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8454-7-18","volume":"7","author":"M Hashimoto","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hashimoto M, Ishikawa M, Mori E, Kuwana N, Study of Ioni (2010) Diagnosis of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus is supported by MRI-based scheme: a prospective cohort study. Cerebrospinal Fluid Res 7:18","journal-title":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"2273_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2678","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-008-1044-4","volume":"18","author":"K Ishii","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ishii K, Kanda T, Harada A, Miyamoto N, Kawaguchi T, Shimada K, Ohkawa S, Uemura T, Yoshikawa T, Mori E (2008) Clinical impact of the callosal angle in the diagnosis of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Eur Radiol 18(11):2678\u20132683","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2273_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-015-2503-8","volume":"157","author":"M Kojoukhova","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kojoukhova M, Koivisto AM, Korhonen R, Remes AM, Vanninen R, Soininen H, Jaaskelainen JE, Sutela A, Leinonen V (2015) Feasibility of radiological markers in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Acta Neurochir 157(10):1709\u20131719","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"issue":"10","key":"2273_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4838","volume":"37","author":"W. Narita","year":"2016","unstructured":"Narita W, Nishio Y, Baba T, Iizuka O, Ishihara T, Matsuda M, Iwasaki M, Tominaga T, Mori E (2016) High-convexity tightness predicts the shunt response in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 37:1831\u20131837","journal-title":"American Journal of Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2273_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-007-0318-x","volume":"50","author":"M Sasaki","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sasaki M, Honda S, Yuasa T, Iwamura A, Shibata E, Ohba H (2008) Narrow CSF space at high convexity and high midline areas in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus detected by axial and coronal MRI. Neuroradiology 50(2):117\u2013122","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2273_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4046","volume":"35","author":"J Virhammar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Virhammar J, Laurell K, Cesarini KG, Larsson EM (2014) Preoperative prognostic value of MRI findings in 108 patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 35(12):2311\u20132318","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2273_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.8.JNS13575","volume":"120","author":"J Virhammar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Virhammar J, Laurell K, Cesarini KG, Larsson EM (2014) The callosal angle measured on MRI as a predictor of outcome in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg 120(1):178\u2013184","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2273_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13555","volume":"25","author":"K Kockum","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kockum K, Lilja-Lund O, Larsson EM, Rosell M, Soderstrom L, Virhammar J, Laurell K (2018) The idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus Radscale: a radiological scale for structured evaluation. Eur J Neurol 25(3):569\u2013576","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2273_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-57642015DN94000350","volume":"9","author":"BP Damasceno","year":"2015","unstructured":"Damasceno BP (2015) Neuroimaging in normal pressure hydrocephalus. Dement Neuropsychol 9(4):350\u2013355","journal-title":"Dement Neuropsychol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2273_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306117","volume":"85","author":"K Andren","year":"2014","unstructured":"Andren K, Wikkelso C, Tisell M, Hellstrom P (2014) Natural course of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 85(7):806\u2013810","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"2273_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-013-1835-5","volume":"155","author":"AK Toma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Toma AK, Papadopoulos MC, Stapleton S, Kitchen ND, Watkins LD (2013) Systematic review of the outcome of shunt surgery in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus. Acta Neurochir 155(10):1977\u20131980","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"issue":"5","key":"2273_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e462","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002779","volume":"27","author":"J Bao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bao J, Gao Y, Cao Y, Xu S, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Jiang J, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Zhong C (2016) Feasibility of simple linear measurements to determine ventricular enlargement in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. J Craniofac Surg 27(5):e462\u2013e465","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2273_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017161216","volume":"285","author":"N Miskin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Miskin N, Patel H, Franceschi AM, Ades-Aron B, Le A, Damadian BE, Stanton C, Serulle Y, Golomb J, Gonen O, Rusinek H, George AE (2017) Diagnosis of normal-pressure hydrocephalus: use of traditional measures in the era of volumetric MR imaging. Radiology 285(1):197\u2013205","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2273_CR18","unstructured":"Nunnally J (C. (1978)) Psychometric theory. McGraw Hill, New York"},{"key":"2273_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.154777","volume":"6","author":"K Reinard","year":"2015","unstructured":"Reinard K, Basheer A, Phillips S, Snyder A, Agarwal A, Jafari-Khouzani K, Soltanian-Zadeh H, Schultz L, Aho T, Schwalb JM (2015) Simple and reproducible linear measurements to determine ventricular enlargement in adults. Surg Neurol Int 6:59","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"2273_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.12.1080","volume":"53","author":"JC van Swieten","year":"1990","unstructured":"van Swieten JC, Hijdra A, Koudstaal PJ, van Gijn J (1990) Grading white matter lesions on CT and MRI: a simple scale. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 53(12):1080\u20131083","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"2273_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.6.1318","volume":"32","author":"LO Wahlund","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wahlund LO, Barkhof F, Fazekas F, Bronge L, Augustin M, Sjogren M, Wallin A, Ader H, Leys D, Pantoni L, Pasquier F, Erkinjuntti T, Scheltens P (2001) A new rating scale for age-related white matter changes applicable to MRI and CT. Stroke 32(6):1318\u20131322","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2273_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1942.02290060069004","volume":"47","author":"WAJ Evans","year":"1942","unstructured":"Evans WAJ (1942) An encephalographic ratio for estimating ventricular enlargement and cerebral atrophy. Arch Neurol Psychiatr 47:931\u2013937","journal-title":"Arch Neurol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"2273_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.149.2.351","volume":"149","author":"F Fazekas","year":"1987","unstructured":"Fazekas F, Chawluk JB, Alavi A, Hurtig HI, Zimmerman RA (1987) MR signal abnormalities at 1.5 T in Alzheimer\u2019s dementia and normal aging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 149(2):351\u2013356","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2273_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.89.5.0742","volume":"89","author":"AI Holodny","year":"1998","unstructured":"Holodny AI, George AE, de Leon MJ, Golomb J, Kalnin AJ, Cooper PR (1998) Focal dilation and paradoxical collapse of cortical fissures and sulci in patients with normal-pressure hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg 89(5):742\u2013747","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2273_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","volume":"33","author":"JR Landis","year":"1977","unstructured":"Landis JR, Koch GG (1977) The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 33(1):159\u2013174","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"2273_CR26","first-page":"1665","volume":"22","author":"M Tullberg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tullberg M, Jensen C, Ekholm S, Wikkelso C (2001) Normal pressure hydrocephalus: vascular white matter changes on MR images must not exclude patients from shunt surgery. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 22(9):1665\u20131673","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2273_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(90)90158-L","volume":"43","author":"AR Feinstein","year":"1990","unstructured":"Feinstein AR, Cicchetti DV (1990) High agreement but low kappa: I. The problems of two paradoxes. J Clin Epidemiol 43(6):543\u2013549","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2273_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(93)90018-V","volume":"46","author":"T Byrt","year":"1993","unstructured":"Byrt T, Bishop J, Carlin JB (1993) Bias, prevalence and kappa. J Clin Epidemiol 46(5):423\u2013429","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2273_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.9.JNS161080","volume":"127","author":"N Shinoda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shinoda N, Hirai O, Hori S, Mikami K, Bando T, Shimo D, Kuroyama T, Kuramoto Y, Matsumoto M, Ueno Y (2017) Utility of MRI-based disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus scoring for predicting prognosis after surgery for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: clinical research. J Neurosurg 127(6):1436\u20131442","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["Neuroradiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00234-019-02273-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00234-019-02273-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00234-019-02273-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]],"date-time":"2020-08-08T19:53:01Z","timestamp":1596916381000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00234-019-02273-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2273"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00234-019-02273-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3940","1432-1920"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3940","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1920","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 May 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 July 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 August 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the regional research committee (Regional Ethical Review Board 2015\/174) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"For this type of study formal consent is not required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}