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T1 hyperintense UM were always moderately or strongly pigmented on histopathology, while T1-hypointense UM were either pigmented or non-pigmented. Mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the UM was 1.16 \u00b1 0.26 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s. Two-thirds of the UM had a wash-out and the remaining a plateau perfusion time-intensity curve (TIC). MRI was limited in evaluating the basal diameter of flat tumors. US tends to show larger tumor prominence (0.5mm larger,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.008) and largest basal diameter (1.4mm larger,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001). MRI was good in diagnosing ciliary body involvement, extrascleral extension, and optic nerve invasion, but limited on identifying scleral invasion. An increase of tumor prominence was associated with lower ADC values (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.030) and favored a wash-out TIC (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.028). An increase of tumor ADC correlated with a plateau TIC (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.011).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The anatomical and functional MRI characteristics of UM were comprehensively assessed. Knowing the MRI characteristics of UM is important in order to confirm the diagnosis and to differentiate UM from other intra-ocular lesions and because it has implications for treatment planning. MRI is a good technique to evaluate UM, being only limited in case of flat tumors or on identifying scleral invasion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-021-02825-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,31]],"date-time":"2021-10-31T07:02:39Z","timestamp":1635663759000},"page":"171-184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["MR imaging characteristics of uveal melanoma with histopathological validation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1115-6292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa A.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam G.","family":"Jaarsma-Coes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Marinkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berit","family":"Verbist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Verdijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martine J.","family":"Jager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregorius P. 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Informed consent was obtained from all patients that were studied prospectively.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval\/informed consent"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}