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PPMI is a landmark observational clinical study that aims to identify progression biomarkers to improve PD therapy. The relevant local institutional review boards approved the PPMI protocol and written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to inclusion. In addition, there was additional ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee at the Universidade Federal de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), protocol n\u00ba 5,040,927, the location where the data were analysed.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}