{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:10:35Z","timestamp":1792782635025,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781308800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sungkyunkwan University","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04q78tk20","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroradiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Many hospitals perform both axial fast spin-echo T2-weighted image (FSE T2WI) and axial gradient recalled echo T2-weighted (GRE) imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was performed to compare inter-reader agreement of cervical central spinal stenosis (CCSS) grading with the use of axial GRE imaging and axial FSE T2WI. We also compared the correlations between each radiologic grade and clinical manifestations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 143 patients (M: F\u2009=\u200971:72; mean age, 52 years) who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine at our hospital were included. Two radiologists evaluated the degree of CCSS from the level of C2\u20133 to the level of C6\u20137 using axial GRE imaging, axial FSE T2WI, axial GRE imaging with sagittal T2WI, and axial FSE T2WI with sagittal T2WI. Kappa statistics were used to analyze the inter-reader agreement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The existence of substantial agreement between GRE axial and FSE T2 axial images was reported by both readers (0.657\u2009\u2264\u2009\u03ba\u2009\u2264\u20090.665), who also reported almost-perfect agreement between GRE axial\u2009+\u2009T2 sagittal and T2 axial\u2009+\u2009T2 sagittal imaging (0.958\u2009\u2264\u2009\u03ba\u2009\u2264\u20090.979). The GRE axial, GRE axial\u2009+\u2009T2 sagittal, and T2 axial\u2009+\u2009T2 sagittal images showed superior correlation (moderate) compared to that of T2 axial images only (weak) in revealing the correlation between Kang grade and clinical manifestation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The agreement of CCSS grading with axial GRE imaging and axial FSE T2WI findings was substantial. Using axial GRE images led to a superior correlation between magnetic resonance sequence and clinical manifestations relative to using axial FSE T2WI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-026-03998-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T08:12:20Z","timestamp":1781338340000},"page":"3093-3100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Can cervical spine axial GRE imaging replace FSE T2 axial imaging in the evaluation of central canal stenosis?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Jinyoung","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Na","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myung Sub","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"3998_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.5560","volume":"197","author":"Y Kang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kang Y, Lee JW, Koh YH, Hur S, Kim SJ, Chai JW, Kang HS (2011) New MRI grading system for the cervical canal stenosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 197:134\u2013140","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"3998_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2008.03.006","volume":"31","author":"C Cook","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cook C, Braga-Baiak A, Pietrobon R, Shah A, Neto AC, de Barros N (2008) Observer agreement of spine stenosis on magnetic resonance imaging analysis of patients with cervical spine myelopathy. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 31:271\u2013276","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"key":"3998_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199301000-00016","volume":"75","author":"M Bernhardt","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bernhardt M, Hynes RA, Blume HW, White AA 3rd (1993) Cervical spondylotic myelopathy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 75:119\u2013128","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"3998_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.7599","volume":"199","author":"HJ Park","year":"2012","unstructured":"Park HJ, Kim SS, Chung EC, Lee SY, Park NH, Rho MH, Choi SH (2012) Clinical correlation of a new practical MRI method for assessing cervical spinal canal compression. AJR Am J Roentgenol 199:197\u2013201","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"3998_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.1236","volume":"28","author":"A Bozzo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bozzo A, Marcoux J, Radhakrishna M, Pelletier J, Goulet B (2011) The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the management of acute spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma 28:1401\u20131411","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"3998_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2020.108987","volume":"127","author":"KH Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee KH, Park HJ, Lee SY, Kim MS, Lee YT, Kim YB, Kim JN, Youn I (2020) Inter-observer reliability and clinical validity of the MRI grading system for cervical central stenosis based on sagittal T2-weighted image. Eur J Radiol 127:108987","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"3998_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2024","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199310001-00016","volume":"18","author":"Y Okada","year":"1993","unstructured":"Okada Y, Ikata T, Yamada H, Sakamoto R, Katoh S (1993) Magnetic resonance imaging study on the results of surgery for cervical compression myelopathy. Spine 18:2024\u20132029","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"3998_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200106010-00012","volume":"26","author":"Y Morio","year":"2011","unstructured":"Morio Y, Teshima R, Nagashima H, Nawata K, Yamasaki D, Nanjo Y (2011) Correlation between operative outcomes of cervical compression myelopathy and MRI of the spinal cord. Spine 26:1238\u20131245","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"3998_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199011010-00002","volume":"15","author":"K Nagata","year":"1990","unstructured":"Nagata K, Kiyonaga K, Ohashi T, Sagara M, Miyazaki S, Inoue A (1990) Clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging for cervical myelopathy. Spine 15:1089\u20131096","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"3998_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.162.4.8141019","volume":"162","author":"BA Georgy","year":"1994","unstructured":"Georgy BA, Hesselink JR (1994) MR imaging of the spine: recent advances in pulse sequences and special techniques. AJR Am J Roentgenol 162:923\u2013934","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"3998_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.e24","volume":"26","author":"GE Boyle","year":"2006","unstructured":"Boyle GE, Ahern M, Cooke J, Sheehy NP, Meaney JF (2006) An interactive taxonomy of MR imaging sequences. Radiographics 26:e24","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"3998_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/85.3.257","volume":"85","author":"J Sim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sim J, Wright CC (2005) The kappa statistics in reliability studies: use, interpretation, and sample size requirements. Phys Ther 85:257\u2013268","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"3998_CR13","unstructured":"Cohen J (1988) Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2nd edn. Mahwah NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates"}],"container-title":["Neuroradiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00234-026-03998-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00234-026-03998-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00234-026-03998-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T18:02:23Z","timestamp":1792432943000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00234-026-03998-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["3998"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00234-026-03998-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3940","1432-1920"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3940","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1920","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the OOO IRB.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable due to its retrospective design and be waivered by IRB.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}