{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T07:06:19Z","timestamp":1789455979524,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780963200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chinese Stroke Association","award":["CSA, CSA2016KY001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSA, CSA2016KY001"]}]},{"name":"CSPC NBP Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroradiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-026-04062-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T06:25:31Z","timestamp":1780986331000},"page":"2149-2159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Combined multiphase CTA and CTP in assessing cerebral collateral circulation and predicting prognosis in AIS\/TIA with symptomatic MCA M1 stenosis\/occlusion: a subacute, non-reperfused cohort"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Changgeng","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengxing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weibin","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanying","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ximing","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuesong","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"4062_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000086465.41263.06","volume":"34","author":"DS Liebeskind","year":"2003","unstructured":"Liebeskind DS (2003) Collateral Circulation. Stroke 34:2279\u20132284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.STR.0000086465.41263.06","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"4062_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X17711625","volume":"38","author":"DS Liebeskind","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liebeskind DS (2018) Mapping the collaterome for precision cerebrovascular health: Theranostics in the continuum of stroke and dementia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 38:1449\u20131460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678X17711625","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"4062_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-022-01042-3","author":"X Leng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Leng X, Leung TW (2022) Collateral Flow in Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease. Transl Stroke Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12975-022-01042-3","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res"},{"key":"4062_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2023-002333","volume":"8","author":"Y Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu Y, Li S, Tian X et al (2023) Cerebral haemodynamics in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease: a narrative review of the assessment methods and clinical implications. Stroke Vasc Neurol 8:521\u2013530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/svn-2023-002333","journal-title":"Stroke Vasc Neurol"},{"key":"4062_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2016.1187828","volume":"38","author":"X Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu X, Pu Y, Pan Y et al (2016) Multi-mode CT in the evaluation of leptomeningeal collateral flow and the related factors: comparing with digital subtraction angiography. Neurol Res 38:504\u2013509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01616412.2016.1187828","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"4062_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.15142256","volume":"275","author":"BK Menon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Menon BK, d\u2019Esterre CD, Qazi EM et al (2015) Multiphase CT angiography: a new tool for the imaging triage of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Radiology 275:510\u2013520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.15142256","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4062_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.028284","volume":"51","author":"L Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin L, Chen C, Tian H et al (2020) Perfusion computed tomography accurately quantifies collateral flow after acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 51:1006\u20131009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.028284","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"4062_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.011461","volume":"47","author":"A Vagal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vagal A, Menon BK, Foster LD et al (2016) Association between CT angiogram collaterals and CT perfusion in the interventional management of stroke III trial. Stroke 47:535\u2013538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.011461","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"4062_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.609008","volume":"42","author":"MG Lansberg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lansberg MG, Lee J, Christensen S et al (2011) RAPID automated patient selection for reperfusion therapy: a pooled analysis of the Echoplanar Imaging Thrombolytic Evaluation Trial (EPITHET) and the Diffusion and Perfusion Imaging Evaluation for Understanding Stroke Evolution (DEFUSE) study. Stroke 42:1608\u20131614. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.609008","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"4062_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.608799","volume":"15","author":"Z Shi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shi Z, Li J, Zhao M et al (2021) Baseline cerebral ischemic core quantified by different automatic software and its predictive value for clinical outcome. Front Neurosci 15:608799. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2021.608799","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"4062_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cao Z, Wang D, Feng X et al (2023) Assessment of Perfusion Volumes by a New Automated Software for Computed Tomography Perfusion. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/svn-2023-002964. Stroke Vasc Neurol svn-2023-002964","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2023-002964"},{"key":"4062_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.003857","volume":"45","author":"JM Olivot","year":"2014","unstructured":"Olivot JM, Mlynash M, Inoue M et al (2014) Hypoperfusion intensity ratio predicts infarct progression and functional outcome in the DEFUSE 2 cohort. Stroke 45:1018\u20131023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.003857","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"4062_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12237365","volume":"12","author":"DA Lakhani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lakhani DA, Balar AB, Koneru M et al (2023) The compensation index is better associated with DSA ASITN collateral score compared to the cerebral blood volume index and hypoperfusion intensity ratio. JCM 12:7365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12237365","journal-title":"JCM"},{"key":"4062_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Faizy TD, Mlynash M, Kabiri R et al (2022) The cerebral collateral cascade: comprehensive blood flow in ischemic stroke. Neurology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000200340","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000200340"},{"key":"4062_CR15","first-page":"643","volume":"21","author":"OB Samuels","year":"2000","unstructured":"Samuels OB, Joseph GJ, Lynn MJ et al (2000) A standardized method for measuring intracranial arterial stenosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 21:643\u2013646","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"4062_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peter R, Emmer BJ, Van Es ACGM, Van Walsum T (2017) Cortical and vascular probability maps for analysis of human brain in computed tomography images. In: 2017 IEEE 14th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2017). IEEE, Melbourne, Australia, pp 1141\u20131145","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI.2017.7950718"},{"key":"4062_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2190","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2020.2966921","volume":"39","author":"J Su","year":"2020","unstructured":"Su J, Wolff L, van Es ACGM et al (2020) Automatic collateral scoring from 3D CTA images. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 39:2190\u20132200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TMI.2020.2966921","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"4062_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.592303","volume":"41","author":"EJA Wiegers","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wiegers EJA, Mulder MJHL, Jansen IGH et al (2010) The pattern of leptomeningeal collaterals on CT angiography is a strong predictor of long-term functional outcome in stroke patients with large vessel intracranial occlusion. Stroke 41:2316\u20132322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.592303","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"4062_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11185274","volume":"11","author":"Z Wan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wan Z, Meng Z, Xie S et al (2022) Correlation between hypoperfusion intensity ratio and functional outcome in large-vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke: comparison with multi-phase CT angiography. JCM 11:5274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11185274","journal-title":"JCM"},{"key":"4062_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2021.11.002","volume":"49","author":"K Nael","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nael K, Sakai Y, Larson J et al (2022) CT perfusion collateral index in assessment of collaterals in acute ischemic stroke with delayed presentation: comparison to single phase CTA. J Neuroradiol 49:198\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurad.2021.11.002","journal-title":"J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"4062_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X18805209","volume":"40","author":"L Lan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lan L, Leng X, Ip V et al (2020) Sustaining cerebral perfusion in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: The roles of antegrade residual flow and leptomeningeal collateral flow. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 40:126\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678X18805209","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"4062_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16654158","volume":"37","author":"MJ Cipolla","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cipolla MJ, Sweet JG, Chan S-L (2017) Effect of hypertension and peroxynitrite decomposition with FeTMPyP on CBF and stroke outcome. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 37:1276\u20131285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678X16654158","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"4062_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.013392","volume":"47","author":"S-L Chan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chan S-L, Sweet JG, Bishop N, Cipolla MJ (2016) Pial Collateral Reactivity During Hypertension and Aging. Stroke 47:1618\u20131625. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.013392","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"4062_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-023-01668-9","volume":"128","author":"G Busto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Busto G, Morotti A, Carlesi E et al (2023) Pivotal role of multiphase computed tomography angiography for collateral assessment in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Radiol Med 128:944\u2013959. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11547-023-01668-9","journal-title":"Radiol Med"},{"key":"4062_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.027483","volume":"51","author":"EJA Wiegers","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wiegers EJA, Mulder MJHL, Jansen IGH et al (2020) Clinical and imaging determinants of collateral status in patients with acute ischemic stroke in MR CLEAN trial and registry. Stroke 51:1493\u20131502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.027483","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"4062_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50559-8","volume":"15","author":"HC Bennett","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bennett HC, Zhang Q, Wu Y et al (2024) Aging drives cerebrovascular network remodeling and functional changes in the mouse brain. Nat Commun 15:6398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-024-50559-8","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4062_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X19831024","volume":"40","author":"A Seiler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Seiler A, Lauer A, Deichmann R et al (2020) Signal variance-based collateral index in DSC perfusion: A novel method to assess leptomeningeal collateralization in acute ischaemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 40:574\u2013587. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678X19831024","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"}],"container-title":["Neuroradiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00234-026-04062-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00234-026-04062-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00234-026-04062-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T06:11:52Z","timestamp":1789452712000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00234-026-04062-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["4062"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00234-026-04062-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3940","1432-1920"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3940","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1920","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All patients or their legal representatives provided written informed consent to participate.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All patients or their legal representatives provided written informed consent for publication.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study underwent evaluation and approval by the medical ethics committees of all participating centers. The Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University acted as the central IRB, whose review was accepted by all participating institutions\u2019 IRBs. Approval was granted on June 14, 2016.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}