{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T23:50:12Z","timestamp":1785714612079,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]],"date-time":"2022-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654646400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]],"date-time":"2022-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005758","name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005758","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Urolithiasis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to perform a systematic review of randomized trials to summarize the evidence on the safety and stone-free rate after Tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) (ureteral stent\/catheter, no nephrostomy) compared to Standard PCNL (nephrostomy, with\/without ureteral stent\/catheter) to evaluate if the tubeless approach is better. The inverse variance of the mean difference with a random effect, 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> values was used for continuous variables. Categorical variables were assessed using Cochran\u2013Mantel\u2013Haenszel method with the random effect model, and reported as Risk Ratio (RR), 95% CI, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> values. Statistical significance was set at <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 and a 95% CI. 26 studies were included. Mean operative time was significantly shorter in the Tubeless group (MD\u20145.18\u00a0min, 95% CI \u2212\u00a06.56, \u2212\u00a03.80, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001). Mean postoperative length of stay was also significantly shorter in the Tubeless group (MD\u20141.10\u00a0day, 95% CI \u2212\u00a01.48, \u2212\u00a00.71, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001). Incidence of blood transfusion, angioembolization for bleeding control, pain score at the first postoperative day, the number of patients requiring postoperative pain medication, fever, urinary infections, sepsis, perirenal fluid collection, pleural breach, hospital readmission, and SFR did not differ between the two groups. Incidence of postoperative urinary fistula was significantly lower in the Tubeless group (RR 0.18, 95% CI 0.07, 0.47, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0005). This systematic review shows that tubeless PCNL can be safely performed and the standout benefits are shorter operative time and hospital stay, and a lower rate of postoperative urinary fistula.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00240-022-01337-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]],"date-time":"2022-06-08T11:03:57Z","timestamp":1654686237000},"page":"511-522","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Complications and outcomes of tubeless versus nephrostomy tube in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Vineet","family":"Gauhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Traxer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Garc\u00eda Rojo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Scarcella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Pia","family":"Pavia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinson Wai-Shun","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Pretore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Langer","family":"Wroclawski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariela","family":"Corrales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho Yee","family":"Tiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ee Jean","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy Yuen-Chun","family":"Teoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chin-Tiong","family":"Heng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"de la Rosette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhaskar Kuman","family":"Somani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7354-9190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Castellani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1337_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2012.1522","volume":"26","author":"J de la Rosette","year":"2012","unstructured":"de la Rosette J, van Rees VS, Gravas S (2012) CROES global PCNL project: completing the puzzle of quality. J Endourol 26:581\u2013584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2012.1522","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-017-0239-x","volume":"17","author":"JY Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee JY, Jeh SU, Kim MD et al (2017) Intraoperative and postoperative feasibility and safety of total tubeless, tubeless, small-bore tube, and standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of 16 randomized controlled trials. BMC Urol 17:48. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12894-017-0239-x","journal-title":"BMC Urol"},{"key":"1337_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-017-0295-2","volume":"17","author":"Y Xun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xun Y, Wang Q, Hu H et al (2017) Tubeless versus standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy: an update meta-analysis. BMC Urol 17:102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12894-017-0295-2","journal-title":"BMC Urol"},{"key":"1337_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2019.01.016","volume":"43","author":"Z-J Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen Z-J, Yan Y-J, Zhou J-J (2020) Comparison of tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy and standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy for kidney stones: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Asian J Surg 43:60\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asjsur.2019.01.016","journal-title":"Asian J Surg"},{"key":"1337_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2007.0118","volume":"22","author":"MS Agrawal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Agrawal MS, Agrawal M, Gupta A et al (2008) A randomized comparison of tubeless and standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy. J Endourol 22:439\u2013442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2007.0118","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.4236\/jbm.2019.73006","volume":"07","author":"MI Ali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ali MI, Saha PK, Chowdhury SA et al (2019) Outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy with or without nephrostomy tube: a comparative study. J Biosci Med 07:52\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4236\/jbm.2019.73006","journal-title":"J Biosci Med"},{"key":"1337_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.4103\/iju.IJU_52_17","volume":"33","author":"S Bhat","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhat S, Lal J, Paul F (2017) A randomized controlled study comparing the standard, tubeless, and totally tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy procedures for renal stones from a tertiary care hospital. Indian J Urol 33:310\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/iju.IJU_52_17","journal-title":"Indian J Urol"},{"key":"1337_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.3126\/jssn.v20i2.24380","volume":"20","author":"PR Chalise","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chalise PR, Luitel B, Chapagain S et al (2017) Is nephrostomy tube a rule following all percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)? A prospective randomized study. J Soc Surg Nepal 20:43\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3126\/jssn.v20i2.24380","journal-title":"J Soc Surg Nepal"},{"key":"1337_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2006.20.766","volume":"20","author":"M Choi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Choi M, Brusky J, Weaver J et al (2006) Randomized trial comparing modified tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy with tailed stent with percutaneous nephrostomy with small-bore tube. J Endourol 20:766\u2013770. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2006.20.766","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.03.011","volume":"188","author":"L Cormio","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cormio L, Perrone A, Di Fino G et al (2012) TachoSil(\u00ae) sealed tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy to reduce urine leakage and bleeding: outcome of a randomized controlled study. J Urol 188:145\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.juro.2012.03.011","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"1337_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000130752.97414.c8","volume":"172","author":"MR Desai","year":"2004","unstructured":"Desai MR, Kukreja RA, Desai MM et al (2004) A prospective randomized comparison of type of nephrostomy drainage following percutaneous nephrostolithotomy: large bore versus small bore versus tubeless. J Urol 172:565\u2013567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ju.0000130752.97414.c8","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"1337_CR12","first-page":"21","volume":"8","author":"M Etemadian","year":"2011","unstructured":"Etemadian M, Soleimani MJ, Haghighi R et al (2011) Does bleeding during percutaneous nephrolithotomy necessitate keeping the nephrostomy tube? A randomized controlled clinical trial. Urol J 8:21\u201326","journal-title":"Urol J"},{"key":"1337_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/s0090-4295(01)01225-0","volume":"58","author":"MI Feng","year":"2001","unstructured":"Feng MI, Tamaddon K, Mikhail A et al (2001) Prospective randomized study of various techniques of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Urology 58:345\u2013350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0090-4295(01)01225-0","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"1337_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.5958\/2321-1024.2019.00019.9","volume":"7","author":"N Garg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Garg N, Agrawal B, Garg N, Agrawal M (2019) A comparative study of standard PCNL vs tubeless PCNL at a tertiary care hospital. Int J Contemp Surg 7:31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5958\/2321-1024.2019.00019.9","journal-title":"Int J Contemp Surg"},{"key":"1337_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.14950","volume":"125","author":"H Goldberg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goldberg H, Nevo A, Shtabholtz Y et al (2020) Tubeless supra-costal percutaneous nephrolithotomy is associated with significantly less hydrothorax: a prospective randomized clinical study. BJU Int 125:276\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bju.14950","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"1337_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2018.0875","volume":"33","author":"M G\u00f6nen","year":"2019","unstructured":"G\u00f6nen M, Arslan \u00d6E, D\u00f6nmez M\u0130 et al (2019) Ureteral catheter versus nephrostomy tube for patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy under spinal anesthesia: a prospectively randomized trial. J Endourol 33:291\u2013294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2018.0875","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2017.0444","volume":"31","author":"H Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang H, Huang D, Yao S, Liu S (2017) Improving drainage after percutaneous nephrolithotomy based on health-related quality of life: a prospective randomized study. J Endourol 31:1131\u20131138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2017.0444","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2009.11.077","volume":"76","author":"C Kara","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kara C, Resorlu B, Bayindir M, Unsal A (2010) A randomized comparison of totally tubeless and standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy in elderly patients. Urology 76:289\u2013293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urology.2009.11.077","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"1337_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2013.02.083","volume":"82","author":"M Kirac","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kirac M, Tepeler A, Bozkurt OF et al (2013) The efficacy of bupivacaine infiltration on the nephrostomy tract in tubeless and standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a prospective, randomized, multicenter study. Urology 82:526\u2013531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urology.2013.02.083","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"1337_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.36347\/sasjs.2020.v06i03.003","volume":"06","author":"DV Kumar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kumar DV, Kumar DS, Maheshwari DM, Ahmad Para DS (2020) Single centre exploration of tubeless PCNL. SAS J Surg 06:100\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36347\/sasjs.2020.v06i03.003","journal-title":"SAS J Surg"},{"key":"1337_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.23736\/S0393-2249.16.02700-4","volume":"69","author":"M Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu M, Huang J, Lu J et al (2017) Selective tubeless minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy for upper urinary calculi. Minerva Urol Nefrol 69:366\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/S0393-2249.16.02700-4","journal-title":"Minerva Urol Nefrol"},{"key":"1337_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s00240-011-0367-9","volume":"39","author":"F Marchant","year":"2011","unstructured":"Marchant F, Recabal P, Fern\u00e1ndez MI et al (2011) Postoperative morbidity of tubeless versus conventional percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a prospective comparative study. Urol Res 39:477\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00240-011-0367-9","journal-title":"Urol Res"},{"key":"1337_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09223.x","volume":"106","author":"S Mishra","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mishra S, Sabnis RB, Kurien A et al (2010) Questioning the wisdom of tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): a prospective randomized controlled study of early tube removal vs tubeless PCNL. BJU Int 106:1045\u20131049. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09223.x","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"1337_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aju.2015.11.005","volume":"14","author":"A Sebaey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sebaey A, Khalil MM, Soliman T et al (2016) Standard versus tubeless mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a randomised controlled trial. Arab J Urol 14:18\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aju.2015.11.005","journal-title":"Arab J Urol"},{"key":"1337_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2007.0350","volume":"22","author":"HN Shah","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shah HN, Sodha HS, Khandkar AA et al (2008) A randomized trial evaluating type of nephrostomy drainage after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: small bore v tubeless. J Endourol 22:1433\u20131439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2007.0350","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2011.09.042","volume":"79","author":"AM Shoma","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shoma AM, Elshal AM (2012) Nephrostomy tube placement after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: critical evaluation through a prospective randomized study. Urology 79:771\u2013776. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urology.2011.09.042","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"1337_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2007.0269","volume":"22","author":"I Singh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Singh I, Singh A, Mittal G (2008) Tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: is it really less morbid? J Endourol 22:427\u2013434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2007.0269","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2006.0216","volume":"21","author":"M Sofikerim","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sofikerim M, Demirci D, Huri E et al (2007) Tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: safe even in supracostal access. J Endourol 21:967\u2013972. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2006.0216","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-006-9040-6","volume":"39","author":"A Tefekli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tefekli A, Altunrende F, Tepeler K et al (2007) Tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy in selected patients: a prospective randomized comparison. Int Urol Nephrol 39:57\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11255-006-9040-6","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"1337_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2016.0235","volume":"30","author":"PT Zhao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhao PT, Hoenig DM, Smith AD, Okeke Z (2016) A randomized controlled comparison of nephrostomy drainage vs ureteral stent following percutaneous nephrolithotomy using the Wisconsin StoneQOL. J Endourol 30:1275\u20131284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2016.0235","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1080\/21681805.1976.11882084","volume":"10","author":"I Fernstr\u00f6m","year":"1976","unstructured":"Fernstr\u00f6m I, Johansson B (1976) Percutaneous pyelolithotomy. A new extraction technique. Scand J Urol Nephrol 10:257\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21681805.1976.11882084","journal-title":"Scand J Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"1337_CR32","unstructured":"European Association of Urology (2021) Management of Non-Neurogenic Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms LastName(LUTS), incl. Benign Prostatic Obstruction (BPO). https:\/\/uroweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/EAU-Guidelines-on-Non-Neurogenic-Male-LUTS-incl.-BPO-2020.pdf. Accessed 20 Apr 2022"},{"issue":"4","key":"1337_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.05.090","volume":"196","author":"D Assimos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Assimos D, Krambeck A, Miller NL et al (2016) Surgical management of stones: American urological association\/endourological society guideline. PART I J Urol 196(4):1153\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.juro.2016.05.090","journal-title":"PART I J Urol"},{"key":"1337_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1089\/end.1999.13.177","volume":"13","author":"M Goh","year":"1999","unstructured":"Goh M, Wolf JSJ (1999) Almost totally tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: further evolution of the technique. J Endourol 13:177\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.1999.13.177","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2006.0379","volume":"21","author":"JP Brusky","year":"2007","unstructured":"Brusky JP, Parekh A, Kaptein J, Bellman GC (2007) Need for ancillary procedures among patients undergoing tubeless percutaneous renal surgery for nephrolithiasis. J Endourol 21:692\u2013694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2006.0379","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2021.07.014","author":"G Sharma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sharma G, Sharma A, Devana SK, Singh SK (2021) Mini versus standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the management of renal stone disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur Urol Focus. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.euf.2021.07.014","journal-title":"Eur Urol Focus"},{"key":"1337_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.23736\/S2724-6051.21.04443-8","volume":"73","author":"EJ Lim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lim EJ, Osther PJ, Valdivia Ur\u00eda JG et al (2021) Personalized stone approach: can endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery pave the way to tailored management of urolithiasis? Minerva Urol Nephrol 73:428\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/S2724-6051.21.04443-8","journal-title":"Minerva Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"1337_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.04.016","volume":"66","author":"J Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li J, Gao L, Li Q et al (2019) Supine versus prone position for percutaneous nephrolithotripsy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Surg 66:62\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.04.016","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"1337_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2021.0507","author":"D Castellani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Castellani D, Corrales M, Lim EJ et al (2021) The impact of lasers in percutaneous nephrolithotomy outcomes: results from a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized comparative trials. J Endourol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2021.0507","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)64799-2","volume":"157","author":"GC Bellman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bellman GC, Davidoff R, Candela J et al (1997) Tubeless percutaneous renal surgery. J Urol 157:1578\u20131582","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"1337_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/s0090-4295(01)01627-2","volume":"59","author":"J Limb","year":"2002","unstructured":"Limb J, Bellman GC (2002) Tubeless percutaneous renal surgery: review of first 112 patients. Urology 59:527\u2013531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0090-4295(01)01627-2","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"1337_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2010.08.001","volume":"76","author":"W Shahrour","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shahrour W, Andonian S (2010) Ambulatory percutaneous nephrolithotomy: initial series. Urology 76:1288\u20131292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urology.2010.08.001","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"1337_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1159\/000332151","volume":"88","author":"P Shen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shen P, Liu Y, Wang J (2012) Nephrostomy tube-free versus nephrostomy tube for renal drainage after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Urol Int 88:298\u2013306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000332151","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"key":"1337_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2000.14.735","volume":"14","author":"PN Maheshwari","year":"2000","unstructured":"Maheshwari PN, Andankar MG, Bansal M (2000) Nephrostomy tube after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: large-bore or pigtail catheter? J Endourol 14:735\u2013738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2000.14.735","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"1337_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/numonthly.60079","volume":"9","author":"A Eslahi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eslahi A, Irani D, Hosseini MM, Safarpour AR (2017) Totally tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a comparison with tubeless and standard methods. Nephrourol Mon 9:e60079. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5812\/numonthly.60079","journal-title":"Nephrourol Mon"},{"key":"1337_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2021.0159","volume":"35","author":"JT Chong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chong JT, Dunne M, Magnan B et al (2021) Ambulatory percutaneous nephrolithotomy in a free-standing surgery center: an analysis of 500 consecutive cases. J Endourol 35:1738\u20131742. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/end.2021.0159","journal-title":"J Endourol"}],"container-title":["Urolithiasis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00240-022-01337-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00240-022-01337-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00240-022-01337-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]],"date-time":"2022-09-12T12:03:32Z","timestamp":1662984212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00240-022-01337-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1337"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00240-022-01337-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["2194-7236"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2194-7236","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 March 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 May 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 June 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"No ethical concerns.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}