{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:17:19Z","timestamp":1786979839731,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Santo Ant\u00f3nio"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Urolithiasis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a safe and efficient treatment option for urinary stone disease. The overall stone-free rate (SFR) varies significantly. This study aimed to assess the influence of stone size, location, stone density, and skin-to-stone distance (SSD), on the outcome of ESWL. We assessed whether pre-treatment non-contrast-enhanced CT scan (NCCT) confers significant advantages compared to kidney-ureter-bladder film (KUB) only. We reviewed the medical records of 307 cases (165 men, 142 women) with renal and ureteral stones treated consecutively at our institution with ESWL between 2020 and 2023. 44 of these underwent a NCCT. The outcome of ESWL was defined in two ways: visible stone fragmentation on KUB, and the need for further treatment. Overall success of fragmentation was 85% (261 patients). 61% of patients (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009184) didn\u2019t need any further treatment. Stone size and location correlated significantly with treatment outcomes regarding the need for further treatment (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.004) and stone fragmentation (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.016), respectively. Unlike mean SSD (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.462), the mean attenuation value (MAV) significantly correlated with the need for retreatment (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.016). MAV seems to be a better predictor of treatment success (AUC of the ROC curve: 0.729), compared to stone size (AUC: 0.613). The difference between groups (with and without NCCT) in both treatment outcomes did not reach statistical significance. During decision-making, information regarding SSD and MAV can be useful in more dubious scenarios. However, it appears that their inclusion doesn\u2019t provide substantial advantages when compared to relying solely on KUB.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00240-024-01570-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T09:02:03Z","timestamp":1713344523000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: retrospective study on possible predictors of treatment success and revisiting the role of non-contrast-enhanced computer tomography in kidney and ureteral stone disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6062-0688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernardo","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martinha","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Vinagre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avelino","family":"Fraga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8105-0816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edtor","family":"Cavadas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"1570_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lv G, Qi W, Gao H, Zhou Y, Zhong M, Wang K et al (2022) Safety and efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy vs. flexible ureteroscopy in the treatment of urinary calculi: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 9, Front Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2022.925481","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.925481"},{"key":"1570_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chung DY, Kang DH, Cho KS, Jeong WS, Jung H, Do, Kwon JK et al (2019) Comparison of stone-free rates following shock wave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and retrograde intrarenal surgery for treatment of renal stones: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2019;14(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0211316","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211316"},{"key":"1570_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rassweiler J, Rieker P, Rassweiler-Seyfried MC (2020) Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy: is it still valid in the era of robotic endourology? Can it be more efficient? Current Opinion in Urology, vol 30. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, pp 120\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MOU.0000000000000732","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0000000000000732"},{"key":"1570_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pareek G, Armenakas NA, Fracchia JA (2003) Hounsfield units on computerized tomography predict stone-free rates after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Journal of Urology. 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Cureus. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.28671","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.28671"}],"container-title":["Urolithiasis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00240-024-01570-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00240-024-01570-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00240-024-01570-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T07:06:59Z","timestamp":1734332819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00240-024-01570-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1570"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00240-024-01570-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2194-7236"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2194-7236","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 April 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Santo Ant\u00f3nio (130-DEFI\/122-CE). The study was performed by the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflicts of interest to report.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"65"}}