{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T02:01:35Z","timestamp":1789869695401,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017160","name":"Beni Suef University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017160","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Urolithiasis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) compared with mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini-PCNL) in children with renal pelvic stones\u2009&lt;\u20092\u00a0cm and density\u2009&gt;\u20091000 HU. A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted at Beni-Suef University Hospitals including 70 children aged 3\u201314 years. Eligible participants had a single renal pelvic stone\u2009&lt;\u20092\u00a0cm with density\u2009&gt;\u20091000 HU on low-dose non-contrast CT and were randomized equally to undergo RIRS or mini-PCNL (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200935 each). The stone-free rates at one month were 91.4% for RIRS and 94.3% for mini-PCNL (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.643). RIRS was associated with shorter operative time (72.7 vs. 80.5\u00a0min), reduced hospital stay (1.1 vs. 1.3 days), shorter catheterization (1.2 vs. 2.1 days), and lower radiation exposure (34.6 vs. 115.1\u00a0s) (all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Hemoglobin drop was minimal and not significant in RIRS (0.01\u00a0g\/dL;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.097) and greater in mini-PCNL (0.74\u00a0g\/dL;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Complication rates were similar (11.4% vs. 17.1%;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.550). Both RIRS and mini-PCNL are effective and safe for managing pediatric renal stones\u2009&lt;\u20092\u00a0cm with high density. RIRS offers comparable efficacy with less invasiveness, shorter recovery, and lower radiation exposure. Mini-PCNL remains a valuable option in anatomically complex or lower-calyceal cases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00240-026-01938-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T11:59:53Z","timestamp":1770119993000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparative evaluation of flexible ureterorenoscopy and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the management of renal pelvic stones less than 2\u00a0cm with high attenuation value in pediatric patients: a prospective randomized study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Ossama","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7490-4288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Abdallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Abdellatif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Hamdy","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anas","family":"Albudairat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akram A.","family":"Elmarakbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hany F.","family":"Badawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"1938_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S442","DOI":"10.21037\/tau.2019.08.23","volume":"8","author":"A Whatley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Whatley A, Jones P, Aboumarzouk O, Somani BK (2019) Safety and efficacy of ureteroscopy and stone fragmentation for pediatric renal stones: a systematic review. 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