{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T22:11:32Z","timestamp":1783980692929,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690502400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003385","name":"Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003385","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Cardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with dextro transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) after atrial switch procedure are at risk to develop heart failure and arrhythmias during long-term follow-up. The present study aims to add knowledge on the fate of subjects after Mustard procedure during long-term follow-up into adulthood. A single center, retrospective chart review analysis was conducted. All subjects who had Mustard-type atrial switch procedure between 1969 and 1994 at our institution were included. A total of 92 subjects were included. Early postoperative death was reported in 2 subjects. Long-term follow-up was available in 49 survivors. Of those, 6 individuals died during further follow-up. Sudden cardiac death was the most prevalent cause for fatal outcome. Mortality during long-term follow-up was associated with the presence of additional cardiovascular malformations (complex d-TGA). Sinus node dysfunction was observed in 65% of the patients and atrial tachyarrhythmias were common in adult survivors (63%). Implantation of a pacemaker or a cardioverter defibrillator was required in 31% and 45% of those surviving into adulthood. Complications were frequently observed during follow-up after either pacemaker or cardioverter defibrillator implantation (43%) with lead failure being the most frequent complication. The aging population of patients after Mustard procedure is facing challenging problems mainly resulting from a failing systemic right ventricle, presence of associated cardiac malformations and the presence of atrial baffles associated with relevant atrial scars. Age, associated cardiac malformations, and atrial tachyarrhythmias seem to play a major role in determining the fate of patients with d-TGA after atrial switch procedures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-023-03241-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]],"date-time":"2023-07-28T11:01:26Z","timestamp":1690542086000},"page":"1746-1753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Fate After the Mustard Procedure for d-Transposition of the Great Arteries: Impact of Age, Complexity, and Atrial Tachyarrhythmias: A Single Center Experience"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Krause","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie Theres","family":"Teubener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias J.","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heike E.","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"3241_CR1","first-page":"966","volume":"45","author":"A Senning","year":"1959","unstructured":"Senning A (1959) Surgical correction of transposition of the great vessels. Surgery 45(6):966\u201380","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"3241_CR2","first-page":"469","volume":"55","author":"WT Mustard","year":"1964","unstructured":"Mustard WT (1964) Successful two-stage correction of transposition of the great vessels. Surgery 55:469\u2013472","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"3241_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951104003063","volume":"14","author":"P Khairy","year":"2004","unstructured":"Khairy P, Landzberg MJ, Lambert J, O\u2019Donnell CP (2004) Long-term outcomes after the atrial switch for surgical correction of transposition: a meta-analysis comparing the Mustard and Senning procedures. Cardiol Young 14(3):284\u201392","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"issue":"1","key":"3241_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.4.1.83","volume":"4","author":"P Khairy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Khairy P, Dore A, Talajic M, Dubuc M, Poirier N et al (2006) Arrhythmias in adult congenital heart disease. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 4(1):83\u201395","journal-title":"Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"3241_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.06.020","volume":"80","author":"CS Broberg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Broberg CS, van Dissel A, Minnier J, Aboulhosn J, Kauling RM et al (2022) Long-term outcomes after atrial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries. J Am Coll Cardiol 80(10):951\u201363","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3241_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.11.031","volume":"14","author":"RG Gallotti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gallotti RG, Madnawat H, Shannon KM, Aboulhosn JA, Nik-Ahd F et al (2017) Mechanisms and predictors of recurrent tachycardia after catheter ablation for d-transposition of the great arteries after the Mustard or Senning operation. Heart Rhythm 14(3):350\u20136","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"6","key":"3241_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eus402","volume":"15","author":"J Wu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wu J, Deisenhofer I, Ammar S, Fichtner S, Reents T et al (2013) Acute and long-term outcome after catheter ablation of supraventricular tachycardia in patients after the Mustard or Senning operation for D-transposition of the great arteries. Europace 15(6):886\u201391","journal-title":"Europace"},{"issue":"25","key":"3241_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu102","volume":"35","author":"JA Cuypers","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cuypers JA, Eindhoven JA, Slager MA, Opic P, Utens EM et al (2014) The natural and unnatural history of the Mustard procedure: long-term outcome up to 40 years. Eur Heart J 35(25):1666\u201374","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"10","key":"3241_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2018-313647","volume":"105","author":"LE Couperus","year":"2019","unstructured":"Couperus LE, Vliegen HW, Zandstra TE, Kies P, Jongbloed MRM et al (2019) Long-term outcome after atrial correction for transposition of the great arteries. Heart 105(10):790\u20136","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"8","key":"3241_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010770","volume":"132","author":"N Vejlstrup","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vejlstrup N, Sorensen K, Mattsson E, Thilen U, Kvidal P et al (2015) Long-term outcome of mustard\/senning correction for transposition of the great arteries in sweden and denmark. Circulation 132(8):633\u20138","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"3241_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-022-01989-1","volume":"111","author":"MJ Muller","year":"2022","unstructured":"Muller MJ, Norozi K, Caroline J, Sedlak N, Bock J et al (2022) Morbidity and mortality in adults with congenital heart defects in the third and fourth life decade. Clin Res Cardiol 111(8):900\u201311","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"issue":"23","key":"3241_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2021-320035","volume":"108","author":"P Antonova","year":"2022","unstructured":"Antonova P, Rohn V, Chaloupecky V, Simkova I, Kaldararova M et al (2022) Predictors of mortality after atrial correction of transposition of the great arteries. Heart 108(23):1881\u20131886","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"1","key":"3241_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0000000000000353","volume":"32","author":"P Khairy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khairy P (2017) Sudden cardiac death in transposition of the great arteries with a Mustard or Senning baffle: the myocardial ischemia hypothesis. Cur Opinion Cardiol 32(1):101\u20137","journal-title":"Cur Opinion Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"3241_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e005451","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.117.005451","volume":"10","author":"S Klehs","year":"2017","unstructured":"Klehs S, Schneider HE, Backhoff D, Paul T, Krause U (2017) Radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial tachycardias in congenital heart disease: results with special reference to complexity of underlying anatomy. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 10(12):e005451","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3241_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.15422","volume":"33","author":"S Klehs","year":"2022","unstructured":"Klehs S, Schneider HE, Backhoff D, Muller MJ, Paul T et al (2022) Repeat radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial tachycardias in patients with congenital heart disease. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 33(5):943\u201352","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3241_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-016-0301-0","volume":"13","author":"LI Alshawabkeh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alshawabkeh LI, Opotowsky AR (2016) Burden of heart failure in adults with congenital heart disease. Curr Heart Fail Rep 13(5):247\u201354","journal-title":"Curr Heart Fail Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"3241_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1080\/14017431.2020.1751266","volume":"54","author":"K Skoglund","year":"2020","unstructured":"Skoglund K, Heimdahl J, Mandalenakis Z, Thilen U, Johansson B et al (2020) Effect of medical treatment in patients with systemic right ventricle. Scand Cardiovasc J 54(5):300\u20135","journal-title":"Scand Cardiovasc J"},{"key":"3241_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2019.02.026","volume":"288","author":"MA Chaix","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chaix MA, Chergui M, Leduc C, Khairy P (2019) Sudden death in transposition of the great arteries with atrial switch surgery: autopsy evidence of acute myocardial ischemia despite normal coronary arteries. Int J Cardiol 288:65\u201367","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"3241_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-014-0727-x","volume":"103","author":"D Backhoff","year":"2014","unstructured":"Backhoff D, Muller M, Ruschewski W, Paul T, Krause U (2014) ICD therapy for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death after mustard repair for d-transposition of the great arteries. Clin Res Cardiol 103(11):894\u2013901","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"3241_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.12933","volume":"39","author":"D Backhoff","year":"2016","unstructured":"Backhoff D, Kerst G, Peters A, Ludemann M, Frische C et al (2016) Internal cardioverter defibrillator indications and therapies after atrial baffle procedure for d-transposition of the great arteries: a multicenter analysis. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol: PACE 39(10):1070\u20136","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol: PACE"},{"issue":"4","key":"3241_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.108.776120","volume":"1","author":"P Khairy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Khairy P, Harris L, Landzberg MJ, Fernandes SM, Barlow A et al (2008) Sudden death and defibrillators in transposition of the great arteries with intra-atrial baffles: a multicenter study. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 1(4):250\u20137","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3241_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euac280","volume":"25","author":"MZH Kolk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kolk MZH, Narayan SM, Clopton P, Wilde AAM, Knops RE et al (2023) Reduction in long-term mortality using remote device monitoring in a large real-world population of patients with implantable defibrillators. Europace 25(3):969\u2013977","journal-title":"Europace"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00246-023-03241-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00246-023-03241-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00246-023-03241-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T11:05:41Z","timestamp":1695639941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00246-023-03241-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3241"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00246-023-03241-7","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3001412\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0172-0643","1432-1971"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0172-0643","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1971","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 May 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 July 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}]}}