{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T23:46:05Z","timestamp":1776815165186,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727308800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Cardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve (ToF-APV) is associated with severe tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) and significant airway compromise. These patients often require early repair with right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit, pulmonary arterioplasty, tracheostomy, and long-term ventilator support. A bioresorbable, 3D-printed airway splint has shown early success in treating severe TBM and has the potential to obviate the need for early repair with conduit and tracheostomy. A retrospective case series analysis was conducted on consecutive patients with ToF-APV and severe TBM who underwent airway splinting between 2012 and 2021. Clinical data was extracted from the medical record. Patients were grouped and analyzed according to their sequence of procedures. Eight patients with ToF-APV and severe TBM underwent airway splinting with a median follow up of 3.6\u00a0years (range 1.0\u20136.4). All patients were alive at the most recent follow-up. Five patients underwent complete cardiac repair first, and one patient underwent concurrent complete cardiac repair and airway splinting. All six of these patients required tracheostomy and long-term ventilator support, even after airway splinting. Five of six remained on ventilator support at the most recent follow up. Two patients underwent airway splinting before complete cardiac repair. Neither required tracheostomy nor prolonged ventilatory support (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.036). Both were discharged home in the neonatal period and returned as infants to undergo elective ToF-APV repair. Patients with TOF-APV and severe TBM may be able to avoid early repair with conduit placement and tracheostomy by undergoing airway splinting prior to complete cardiac repair.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-024-03659-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T04:02:04Z","timestamp":1727323324000},"page":"2322-2327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Novel Approach for Tetralogy of Fallot-Absent Pulmonary Valve Using Bioresorbable Airway Splints"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1561-5468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John D.","family":"Vossler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Glenn E.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6952-8688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea S.","family":"Les","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1881-833X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard G.","family":"Ohye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"3659_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19713","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.019713","volume":"10","author":"A Chelliah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chelliah A, Moon-Grady AJ, Peyvandi S et al (2021) Contemporary outcomes in tetralogy of fallot with absent pulmonary valve after fetal diagnosis. J Am Heart Assoc 10:19713. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.120.019713","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"3659_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2021.07.039","volume":"158","author":"H Siddeek","year":"2021","unstructured":"Siddeek H, Lunos S, Thomas AS et al (2021) Long term outcomes of tetralogy of fallot with absent pulmonary valve (from the Pediatric cardiac care consortium). Am J Cardiol 158:118\u2013123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2021.07.039","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"3659_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.01.035","volume":"97","author":"MS Yong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yong MS, Yim D, Brizard CP et al (2014) Long-term outcomes of patients with absent pulmonary valve syndrome: 38 years of experience. Ann Thorac Surg 97:1671\u20131677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.01.035","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"3659_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.07.022","volume":"82","author":"JW Brown","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brown JW, Ruzmetov M, Vijay P et al (2006) Surgical treatment of absent pulmonary valve syndrome associated with bronchial obstruction. Ann Thorac Surg 82:2221\u20132226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.07.022","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"3659_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2019.05.022","volume":"31","author":"DM Dorobantu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dorobantu DM, Stoicescu C, Tulloh RM, Stoica SC (2019) Surgical repair of tetralogy of fallot with absent pulmonary valve: favorable long-term results. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 31:847\u2013849. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2019.05.022","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"3659_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27863","volume":"129","author":"AS Les","year":"2019","unstructured":"Les AS, Ohye RG, Filbrun AG et al (2019) 3D-printed, externally-implanted, bioresorbable airway splints for severe tracheobronchomalacia. Laryngoscope 129:1763\u20131771. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.27863","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"3659_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3010825","author":"RJ Morrison","year":"2015","unstructured":"Morrison RJ, Hollister SJ, Niedner MF et al (2015) Mitigation of tracheobronchomalacia with 3D-printed personalized medical devices in pediatric patients. Sci Translational Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.3010825","journal-title":"Sci Translational Med"},{"key":"3659_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-015-1270-2","volume":"43","author":"SJ Hollister","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hollister SJ, Flanagan CL, Zopf DA et al (2015) Design control for clinical translation of 3D printed modular scaffolds. Ann Biomed Eng 43:774\u2013786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10439-015-1270-2","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"3659_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(97)00994-6","volume":"64","author":"S Hagl","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hagl S, Jakob H, Sebening C et al (1997) External stabilization of long-segment tracheobronchomalacia guided by intraoperative bronchoscopy. Ann Thorac Surg 64:1412\u20131421. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0003-4975(97)00994-6","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00246-024-03659-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00246-024-03659-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00246-024-03659-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T08:17:56Z","timestamp":1762157876000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00246-024-03659-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3659"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00246-024-03659-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0172-0643","1432-1971"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0172-0643","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1971","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 September 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 September 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The airway splints described in this study were implanted under the FDA\u2019s Expanded Access program (Emergency Use and Compassionate Use).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This research study was conducted retrospectively from data obtained for clinical purposes. This study was reviewed and approved by the University of Michigan Institutional Review Board and deemed exempt from requiring individual patient consent (HUM00223004).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from legal guardians.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}}]}}