{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T16:07:13Z","timestamp":1793117233042,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Cardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    With advances in treatment options for severe congenital heart disease, there is a growing population of children and adults living with advanced heart disease, many of whom experience significant long-term comorbidities and uncertain disease trajectories. Although palliative care (PC) plays an integral role in the care of children with advanced heart disease, there is a lack of PC education in pediatric cardiology fellowship training. We distributed a cross-sectional survey to pediatric cardiology fellowship program directors (PDs) nationally (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200958). Survey response rate was 48.3% (28\/58). PDs reported PC didactic education in 71.4% (20\/28) of programs, with 95% (19\/20) reporting this education came from PC specialists, 35% (7\/20) from pediatric cardiologists, 25% (5\/20) from cardiac intensivists, and 10% (2\/20) from general pediatric intensivists. Simulation was used by 10.7% (3\/28) of programs. Only one program utilized online modules. Informal bedside teaching occurred in 92.9% (26\/28) of programs, and dedicated PC rotations in 25% (7\/28). Most programs endorsed annual formal didactics on various PC topics, although some topics were covered more frequently and some never covered by individual programs. Only 53.8% (14\/26) of PDs were satisfied with the amount of PC education while 76.9% (20\/26) were satisfied with the quality of PC education. Barriers included \u201ctoo much other content to cover\u201d (77%) and \u201clack of faculty expertise\u201d (27%). A subset of PDs rated graduating fellows\u2019 skills as less than competent in advance care planning (38.5%), criticall illness communication (15.4%), and complex symptom management (15.4%). With a wide range of PC education practices and high rate of PD dissatisfaction with PC education in their programs, there is a need for standardized PC training recommendations and curriculum.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-025-03926-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]],"date-time":"2025-06-21T20:50:06Z","timestamp":1750539006000},"page":"1513-1519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Palliative Care Education in Pediatric Cardiology Fellowships: A Survey of Program Directors"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2777-5836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lesje","family":"DeRose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Godfrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shabnam","family":"Peyvandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole M.","family":"Cresalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill M.","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Morell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"3926_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.019307","volume":"134","author":"SM Gilboa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gilboa SM, Devine OJ, Kucik JE et al (2016) Congenital heart defects in the United States: estimating the magnitude of the affected population in 2010. 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