{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T03:39:27Z","timestamp":1793417967022,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-017-3906-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,4]],"date-time":"2017-08-04T04:42:28Z","timestamp":1501821748000},"page":"1196-1208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Clinical and sonographic features of pediatric soft-tissue vascular anomalies part 2: vascular malformations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Craig M.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar M.","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"3906_CR1","unstructured":"International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (2014) ISSVA classification of vascular anomalies. \nhttp:\/\/www.issva.org\/UserFiles\/file\/Classifications-2014-Final.pdf\n\n. Accessed 12 April 2017"},{"key":"3906_CR2","first-page":"833","volume-title":"Pediatric dermatology","author":"I Frieden","year":"2003","unstructured":"Frieden I, Enjolras O, Esterly N (2003) Vascular birthmarks and other abnormalities of blood vessels and lymphatics. In: Schachner LA, Hansen RC (eds) Pediatric dermatology, 3rd edn. Mosby, New York, pp 833\u2013862","edition":"3rd"},{"key":"3906_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merrow AC, Gupta A, Patel MN et al (2016) 2014 revised classification of vascular lesions from the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies: radiologic\u2013pathologic update. Radiographics 36:1494\u20131516","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2016150197"},{"key":"3906_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2014.07.005","volume":"23","author":"W Uller","year":"2014","unstructured":"Uller W, Alomari AI, Richter GT (2014) Arteriovenous malformations. Semin Pediatr Surg 23:203\u2013207","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"3906_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511722073","volume-title":"Color atlas of vascular tumors and vascular malformations","author":"O Enjolras","year":"2007","unstructured":"Enjolras O, Wassef M, Chapot R (2007) Color atlas of vascular tumors and vascular malformations, 1st edn. Cambridge University Press, New York","edition":"1"},{"key":"3906_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.214.3.r00mr21747","volume":"214","author":"HJ Paltiel","year":"2000","unstructured":"Paltiel HJ, Burrows PE, Kozakewich HP et al (2000) Soft-tissue vascular anomalies: utility of US for diagnosis. Radiology 214:747\u2013754","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"3906_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1007\/s002470050718","volume":"29","author":"J Dubois","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dubois J, Garel L (1999) Imaging and therapeutic approach of hemangiomas and vascular malformations in the pediatric age group. Pediatr Radiol 29:879\u2013893","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"3906_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2006.04.005","volume":"37","author":"GM Legiehn","year":"2006","unstructured":"Legiehn GM, Heran MK (2006) Classification, diagnosis and interventional radiologic management of vascular malformations. Orthop Clin N Am 37:435\u2013474","journal-title":"Orthop Clin N Am"},{"key":"3906_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2016150177","volume":"36","author":"GM Dunham","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dunham GM, Ingraham CR, Maki JH et al (2016) Finding the nidus: detection and workup of non-central nervous system arteriovenous malformations. Radiographics 36:891\u2013903","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"3906_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ro.2011.11.002","volume":"47","author":"L Lowe","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lowe L, Marchant TC, Rivard DC et al (2012) Vascular malformations: classification and terminology the radiologist needs to know. Semin Roentgenol 47:106\u2013117","journal-title":"Semin Roentgenol"},{"key":"3906_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.171.1.9648798","volume":"171","author":"J Dubois","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dubois J, Patriquin HB, Garel L et al (1998) Soft-tissue hemangiomas in infants and children: diagnosis using Doppler sonography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 171:247\u2013252","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"3906_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-010-1621-y","volume":"40","author":"J Dubois","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dubois J, Alison M (2010) Vascular anomalies: what a radiologist needs to know. Pediatr Radiol 40:895\u2013905","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"3906_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2011.04.001","volume":"40","author":"D Ballah","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ballah D, Cahill AM, Fontalvo L et al (2011) Vascular anomalies: what they are, how to diagnose them, and how to treat them. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 40:233\u2013247","journal-title":"Curr Probl Diagn Radiol"},{"key":"3906_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-015-3359-z","volume":"45","author":"AS Patel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Patel AS, Schulman JM, Ruben BS et al (2015) Atypical MRI features in soft-tissue arteriovenous malformation: a novel imaging appearance with radiologic\u2013pathologic correlation. Pediatr Radiol 45:1515\u20131521","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"3906_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-016-3690-z","volume":"46","author":"EF Sheybani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sheybani EF, Eutsler EP, Navarro OM (2016) Fat-containing soft-tissue masses in children. Pediatr Radiol 46:1760\u20131773","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"3906_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.05.030","volume":"69","author":"MS Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee MS, Liang MG, Mulliken JB (2013) Diffuse capillary malformation with overgrowth: a clinical subtype of vascular anomalies with hypertrophy. J Am Acad Dermatol 69:589\u2013594","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"3906_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1080\/000155500750042961","volume":"80","author":"A Troilius","year":"2000","unstructured":"Troilius A, Svendsen G, Ljunggren B (2000) Ultrasound investigation of port wine stains. Acta Derm Venereol 80:196\u2013199","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"3906_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2015.11.004","volume":"107","author":"F Alfageme Rold\u00e1n","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alfageme Rold\u00e1n F, Salg\u00fcero Fern\u00e1ndez I, Mu\u00f1oz Garza Z (2016) Update on the use of ultrasound in vascular anomalies. Actas Dermosifiliogr 107:284\u2013293","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr"},{"key":"3906_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2008.02.008","volume":"46","author":"GM Legiehn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Legiehn GM, Heran MK (2008) Venous malformations: classification, development, diagnosis, and interventional radiologic management. Radiol Clin N Am 46:545\u2013597","journal-title":"Radiol Clin N Am"},{"key":"3906_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.7853","volume":"200","author":"GG Behr","year":"2013","unstructured":"Behr GG, Johnson CM (2013) Vascular anomalies: hemangiomas and beyond \u2014 part 2, slow-flow lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol 200:423\u2013436","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"3906_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.212.3.r99au11841","volume":"212","author":"I Trop","year":"1999","unstructured":"Trop I, Dubois J, Guibaud L et al (1999) Soft-tissue venous malformations in pediatric and young adult patients: diagnosis with Doppler US. Radiology 212:841\u2013845","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"3906_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-012-2584-y","volume":"43","author":"R Restrepo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Restrepo R (2013) Multimodality imaging of vascular anomalies. Pediatr Radiol 43:S141\u2013S154","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"3906_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.15.15794","volume":"206","author":"B Olivieri","year":"2016","unstructured":"Olivieri B, White CL, Restrepo R et al (2016) Low-flow vascular malformation pitfalls: from clinical examination to practical imaging evaluation \u2014 part 2, venous malformation mimickers. AJR Am J Roentgenol 206:952\u2013962","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"3906_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e31824b29ef","volume":"32","author":"P Dalmonte","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dalmonte P, Granata C, Fulcheri E et al (2012) Intra-articular venous malformations of the knee. J Pediatr Orthop 32:394\u2013398","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"3906_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wassef M, Blei F, Adams D et al (2015) Vascular anomalies classification: recommendations from the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies. Pediatrics 136:e203\u2013e214","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-3673"},{"key":"3906_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.23124","volume":"57","author":"AM Hammill","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hammill AM, Wentzel M, Gupta A et al (2011) Sirolimus for the treatment of complicated vascular anomalies in children. Pediatr Blood Cancer 57:1018\u20131024","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"3906_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2007.11.018","volume":"138","author":"JL Acevedo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Acevedo JL, Shah RK, Brietzke SE (2008) Nonsurgical therapies for lymphangiomas: a systematic review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 138:418\u2013424","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"3906_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-011-0123-0","volume":"34","author":"AM Cahill","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cahill AM, Nijs EL (2011) Pediatric vascular malformations: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and the role of interventional radiology. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 34:691\u2013704","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"3906_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sult.2014.05.005","volume":"35","author":"MS Morrow","year":"2014","unstructured":"Morrow MS, Oliveira AM (2014) Imaging of lumps and bumps in pediatric patients: an algorithm for appropriate imaging and pictorial review. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 35:415\u2013429","journal-title":"Semin Ultrasound CT MR"},{"key":"3906_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.15.15793","volume":"206","author":"CL White","year":"2016","unstructured":"White CL, Olivieri B, Restrepo R et al (2016) Low-flow vascular malformation pitfalls: from clinical examination to practical imaging evaluation \u2014 part 1, lymphatic malformation mimickers. AJR Am J Roentgenol 206:940\u2013951","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"3906_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-015-3404-y","volume":"45","author":"A Yikilmaz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yikilmaz A, Ngan BY, Navarro OM (2015) Imaging of childhood angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma with pathological correlation. Pediatr Radiol 45:1796\u20131802","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"3906_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1237692","volume":"13","author":"E Lobo-Mueller","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lobo-Mueller E, Amaral JG, Babyn PS et al (2009) Complex combined vascular malformations and vascular malformation syndromes affecting the extremities in children. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 13:255\u2013276","journal-title":"Semin Musculoskelet Radiol"},{"key":"3906_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2014.06.013","volume":"23","author":"W Uller","year":"2014","unstructured":"Uller W, Fishman SJ, Alomari AI (2014) Overgrowth syndromes with complex vascular anomalies. Semin Pediatr Surg 23:208\u2013215","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"3906_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-016-3567-1","volume":"46","author":"OM Navarro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Navarro OM (2016) Magnetic resonance imaging of pediatric soft-tissue vascular anomalies. Pediatr Radiol 46:891\u2013901","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"3906_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1024\/0301-1526\/a000414","volume":"44","author":"RK Clemens","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clemens RK, Pfammatter T, Meier TO et al (2015) Combined and complex vascular malformations. Vasa 44:92\u2013105","journal-title":"Vasa"},{"key":"3906_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12188","volume":"32","author":"C Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim C, Ko CJ, Baker KE et al (2015) Histopathologic and ultrasound characteristics of cutaneous capillary malformations in a patient with capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome. Pediatr Dermatol 32:128\u2013131","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"3906_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2007.048934","volume":"44","author":"WH Tan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tan WH, Baris HN, Burrows PE et al (2007) The spectrum of vascular anomalies in patients with PTEN mutations: implications for diagnosis and management. J Med Genet 44:594\u2013602","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"3906_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31824dd86c","volume":"36","author":"KC Kurek","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kurek KC, Howard E, Tenant L (2012) PTEN hamartoma of soft tissue: a distinctive lesion in PTEN syndromes. Am J Surg Pathol 36:671\u2013687","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"3906_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.23098","volume":"57","author":"I Iacobas","year":"2011","unstructured":"Iacobas I, Burrows PE, Adams DM et al (2011) Oral rapamycin in the treatment of patients with hamartoma syndromes and PTEN mutation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 57:321\u2013323","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"3906_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/cge.12832","volume":"91","author":"A Martinez-Lopez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martinez-Lopez A, Blasco-Morente G, Perez-Lopez I et al (2017) CLOVES syndrome: review of a PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS). Clin Genet 91:14\u201321","journal-title":"Clin Genet"},{"key":"3906_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.12788\/j.sder.2016.049","volume":"35","author":"SL Hagen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hagen SL, Hook KP (2016) Overgrowth syndromes with vascular malformations. Semin Cutan Med Surg 35:161\u2013169","journal-title":"Semin Cutan Med Surg"},{"key":"3906_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e3182a1f0b8","volume":"34","author":"AI Alomari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alomari AI, Spencer SA, Arnold RW et al (2014) Fibro-adipose vascular anomaly: clinical\u2013radiologic\u2013pathologic features of a newly delineated disorder of the extremity. J Pediatr Orthop 34:109\u2013117","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"3906_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e793","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/92343528","volume":"85","author":"MJ Kaduthodil","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kaduthodil MJ, Prasad DS, Lowe AS et al (2012) Imaging manifestations in Proteus syndrome \u2014 an unusual multisystem developmental disorder. Br J Radiol 85:e793\u2013e799","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00247-017-3906-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00247-017-3906-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00247-017-3906-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,4]],"date-time":"2017-08-04T04:47:15Z","timestamp":1501822035000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00247-017-3906-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["3906"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00247-017-3906-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-0449","1432-1998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-0449","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}}}