{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T20:47:25Z","timestamp":1783716445898,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-018-4083-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,3]],"date-time":"2018-08-03T23:51:56Z","timestamp":1533340316000},"page":"1256-1272","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Putting it all together: established and emerging MRI techniques for detecting and measuring liver fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Suraj D.","family":"Serai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew T.","family":"Trout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Miethke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stavra A.","family":"Xanthakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan R.","family":"Dillman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"4083_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e427","DOI":"10.3928\/19382359-20161117-01","volume":"45","author":"J Cordova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cordova J, Jericho H, Azzam RK (2016) An overview of cirrhosis in children. Pediatr Ann 45:e427\u2013e432","journal-title":"Pediatr Ann"},{"key":"4083_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i3.392","volume":"7","author":"RB Pinto","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pinto RB, Schneider AC, da Silveira TR (2015) Cirrhosis in children and adolescents: an overview. World J Hepatol 7:392\u2013405","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"key":"4083_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2011.02.005","volume":"25","author":"UE Lee","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lee UE, Friedman SL (2011) Mechanisms of hepatic fibrogenesis. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 25:195\u2013206","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4083_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.33367","volume":"122","author":"MJ Arthur","year":"2002","unstructured":"Arthur MJ (2002) Reversibility of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis following treatment for hepatitis C. Gastroenterology 122:1525\u20131528","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"4083_CR5","first-page":"47","volume":"7","author":"P Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang P, Koyama Y, Liu X et al (2016) Promising therapy candidates for liver fibrosis. Front Physiol 7:47","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"4083_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2614","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.06038.x","volume":"97","author":"A Regev","year":"2002","unstructured":"Regev A, Berho M, Jeffers LJ et al (2002) Sampling error and intraobserver variation in liver biopsy in patients with chronic HCV infection. Am J Gastroenterol 97:2614\u20132618","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4083_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1898","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.03.084","volume":"128","author":"V Ratziu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ratziu V, Charlotte F, Heurtier A et al (2005) Sampling variability of liver biopsy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 128:1898\u20131906","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"4083_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2196-2","volume":"57","author":"SD Serai","year":"2012","unstructured":"Serai SD, Towbin AJ, Podberesky DJ (2012) Pediatric liver MR elastography. Dig Dis Sci 57:2713\u20132719","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"4083_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.06.012","volume":"5","author":"M Yin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yin M, Talwalkar JA, Glaser KJ et al (2007) Assessment of hepatic fibrosis with magnetic resonance elastography. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 5:1207\u20131213 e1202","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"4083_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25084","volume":"43","author":"G Hu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hu G, Zhang X, Liang W et al (2016) Assessment of liver fibrosis in rats by MRI with apparent diffusion coefficient and T1 relaxation time in the rotating frame. J Magn Reson Imaging 43:1082\u20131089","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"4083_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2014.02.017","volume":"83","author":"I Rauscher","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rauscher I, Eiber M, Ganter C et al (2014) Evaluation of T1rho as a potential MR biomarker for liver cirrhosis: comparison of healthy control subjects and patients with liver cirrhosis. Eur J Radiol 83:900\u2013904","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"4083_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-015-0648-0","volume":"13","author":"A Singh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singh A, Reddy D, Haris M et al (2015) T1rho MRI of healthy and fibrotic human livers at 1.5 T. J Transl Med 13:292","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"4083_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25424","volume":"45","author":"H Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang H, Yang Q, Yu T et al (2016) Comparison of T2, T1rho, and diffusion metrics in assessment of liver fibrosis in rats. J Magn Reson Imaging 45:741\u2013750","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"4083_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.09.002","volume":"60","author":"R Banerjee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Banerjee R, Pavlides M, Tunnicliffe EM et al (2014) Multiparametric magnetic resonance for the non-invasive diagnosis of liver disease. J Hepatol 60:69\u201377","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"4083_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.21037\/qims.2016.03.02","volume":"6","author":"AR Guimaraes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guimaraes AR, Siqueira L, Uppal R et al (2016) T2 relaxation time is related to liver fibrosis severity. Quant Imaging Med Surg 6:103\u2013114","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"4083_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/cld.607","volume":"9","author":"SD Serai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Serai SD, Trout AT, Sirlin CB (2017) Elastography to assess the stage of liver fibrosis in children: concepts, opportunities, and challenges. Clin Liver Dis 9:5\u201310","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"4083_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016160589","volume":"282","author":"SD Serai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Serai SD, Dillman JR, Trout AT (2017) Spin-echo echo-planar imaging MR elastography versus gradient-echo MR elastography for assessment of liver stiffness in children and young adults suspected of having liver disease. Radiology 282:761\u2013770","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4083_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.173.4.10511173","volume":"173","author":"GD Dodd 3rd","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dodd GD 3rd, Baron RL, Oliver JH 3rd et al (1999) Spectrum of imaging findings of the liver in end-stage cirrhosis: part I, gross morphology and diffuse abnormalities. AJR Am J Roentgenol 173:1031\u20131036","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"4083_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2006.11.003","volume":"61","author":"G Brancatelli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Brancatelli G, Federle MP, Ambrosini R et al (2007) Cirrhosis: CT and MR imaging evaluation. Eur J Radiol 61:57\u201369","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"4083_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.10387","volume":"18","author":"K Ito","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ito K, Mitchell DG, Kim MJ et al (2003) Right posterior hepatic notch sign: a simple diagnostic MR finding of cirrhosis. J Magn Reson Imaging 18:561\u2013566","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"4083_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-010-0034-7","volume":"1","author":"L Marti-Bonmati","year":"2010","unstructured":"Marti-Bonmati L, Delgado F (2010) MR imaging in liver cirrhosis: classical and new approaches. Insights Imaging 1:233\u2013244","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"4083_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.211.3.r99ma31723","volume":"211","author":"K Ito","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ito K, Mitchell DG, Gabata T et al (1999) Expanded gallbladder fossa: simple MR imaging sign of cirrhosis. Radiology 211:723\u2013726","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4083_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016151542","volume":"280","author":"AD Smith","year":"2016","unstructured":"Smith AD, Branch CR, Zand K et al (2016) Liver surface nodularity quantification from routine CT images as a biomarker for detection and evaluation of cirrhosis. Radiology 280:771\u2013781","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4083_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000945","volume":"62","author":"A Alhammad","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alhammad A, Kamath BM, Chami R et al (2016) Solitary hepatic nodule adjacent to the right portal vein: a common finding of Alagille syndrome? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 62:226\u2013232","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"4083_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2014.05.001","volume":"22","author":"SK Venkatesh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Venkatesh SK, Ehman RL (2014) Magnetic resonance elastography of liver. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 22:433\u2013446","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am"},{"key":"4083_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.07.050","volume":"164","author":"SA Xanthakos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xanthakos SA, Podberesky DJ, Serai SD et al (2014) Use of magnetic resonance elastography to assess hepatic fibrosis in children with chronic liver disease. J Pediatr 164:186\u2013188","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"4083_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000269","volume":"51","author":"M Wagner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wagner M, Besa C, Bou Ayache J et al (2016) Magnetic resonance elastography of the liver: qualitative and quantitative comparison of gradient echo and spin echo echoplanar imaging sequences. Investig Radiol 51:575\u2013581","journal-title":"Investig Radiol"},{"key":"4083_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2016.65","volume":"111","author":"R Loomba","year":"2016","unstructured":"Loomba R, Cui J, Wolfson T et al (2016) Novel 3D magnetic resonance elastography for the noninvasive diagnosis of advanced fibrosis in NAFLD: a prospective study. Am J Gastroenterol 111:986\u2013994","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4083_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Joshi M, Dillman JR, Singh K et al (2017) Quantitative MRI of fatty liver disease in a large pediatric cohort: correlation between liver fat fraction, stiffness, volume, and patient-specific factors. Abdom Radiol. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-017-1289-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-017-1289-y"},{"key":"4083_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-017-3831-z","volume":"47","author":"M Joshi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Joshi M, Dillman JR, Towbin AJ et al (2017) MR elastography: high rate of technical success in pediatric and young adult patients. Pediatr Radiol 47:838\u2013843","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4083_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23731","volume":"37","author":"SK Venkatesh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Venkatesh SK, Yin M, Ehman RL (2013) Magnetic resonance elastography of liver: technique, analysis, and clinical applications. J Magn Reson Imaging 37:544\u2013555","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"4083_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016152797","volume":"281","author":"AT Trout","year":"2016","unstructured":"Trout AT, Dillman JR, Xanthakos S et al (2016) Prospective assessment of correlation between US acoustic radiation force impulse and MR elastography in a pediatric population: dispersion of US shear-wave speed measurement matters. Radiology 281:544\u2013552","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4083_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2014.09.046","volume":"13","author":"S Singh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singh S, Venkatesh SK, Wang Z et al (2015) Diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance elastography in staging liver fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 13:440\u2013451 e446","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"4083_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017161398","volume":"285","author":"SD Serai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Serai SD, Obuchowski NA, Venkatesh SK et al (2017) Repeatability of MR elastography of liver: a meta-analysis. Radiology 285:92\u2013100","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4083_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13196","volume":"41","author":"J Cui","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cui J, Ang B, Haufe W et al (2015) Comparative diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance elastography vs. eight clinical prediction rules for non-invasive diagnosis of advanced fibrosis in biopsy-proven non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 41:1271\u20131280","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"4083_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-014-0320-2","volume":"32","author":"Y Shinagawa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shinagawa Y, Mitsufuji T, Morimoto S et al (2014) Optimization of scanning parameters for MR elastography at 3.0 T clinical unit: volunteer study. Jpn J Radiol 32:441\u2013446","journal-title":"Jpn J Radiol"},{"key":"4083_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016160209","volume":"281","author":"AT Trout","year":"2016","unstructured":"Trout AT, Serai S, Mahley AD et al (2016) Liver stiffness measurements with MR elastography: agreement and repeatability across imaging systems, field strengths, and pulse sequences. Radiology 281:793\u2013804","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4083_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2452061673","volume":"245","author":"L Huwart","year":"2007","unstructured":"Huwart L, Sempoux C, Salameh N et al (2007) Liver fibrosis: noninvasive assessment with MR elastography versus aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index. Radiology 245:458\u2013466","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4083_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28337","volume":"63","author":"J Cui","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cui J, Heba E, Hernandez C et al (2016) Magnetic resonance elastography is superior to acoustic radiation force impulse for the diagnosis of fibrosis in patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective study. Hepatology 63:453\u2013461","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"4083_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.10.016","volume":"50","author":"S Bonekamp","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bonekamp S, Kamel I, Solga S et al (2009) Can imaging modalities diagnose and stage hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis accurately? J Hepatol 50:17\u201335","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"4083_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-015-0347-6","volume":"40","author":"SK Venkatesh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Venkatesh SK, Yin M, Takahashi N et al (2015) Non-invasive detection of liver fibrosis: MR imaging features vs. MR elastography. Abdom Imaging 40:766\u2013775","journal-title":"Abdom Imaging"},{"key":"4083_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015142141","volume":"278","author":"M Yin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yin M, Glaser KJ, Talwalkar JA et al (2016) Hepatic MR elastography: clinical performance in a series of 1,377 consecutive examinations. Radiology 278:114\u2013124","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4083_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22716","volume":"34","author":"NJ Shire","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shire NJ, Yin M, Chen J et al (2011) Test-retest repeatability of MR elastography for noninvasive liver fibrosis assessment in hepatitis C. J Magn Reson Imaging 34:947\u2013955","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"4083_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.06.005","volume":"65","author":"PS Dulai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dulai PS, Sirlin CB, Loomba R (2016) MRI and MRE for non-invasive quantitative assessment of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in NAFLD and NASH: clinical trials to clinical practice. J Hepatol 65:1006\u20131016","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"4083_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e590","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/98745548","volume":"85","author":"M Deng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Deng M, Zhao F, Yuan J et al (2012) Liver T1rho MRI measurement in healthy human subjects at 3 T: a preliminary study with a two-dimensional fast-field echo sequence. Br J Radiol 85:e590\u2013e595","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"4083_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/chd.12144","volume":"9","author":"SD Serai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Serai SD, Wallihan DB, Venkatesh SK et al (2014) Magnetic resonance elastography of the liver in patients status-post fontan procedure: feasibility and preliminary results. Congenit Heart Dis 9:7\u201314","journal-title":"Congenit Heart Dis"},{"key":"4083_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24496","volume":"40","author":"DB Wallihan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wallihan DB, Podberesky DJ, Marino BS et al (2014) Relationship of MR elastography determined liver stiffness with cardiac function after Fontan palliation. J Magn Reson Imaging 40:1328\u20131335","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"4083_CR48","first-page":"1","volume":"18","author":"JR Dillman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dillman JR, Trout AT, Costello EN et al (2017) Quantitative liver MRI-biopsy correlation in pediatric and young adult patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: can one be used to predict the other? AJR Am J Roentgenol 18:1\u20139","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"4083_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.5989","volume":"197","author":"M Yin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yin M, Talwalkar JA, Glaser KJ et al (2011) Dynamic postprandial hepatic stiffness augmentation assessed with MR elastography in patients with chronic liver disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 197:64\u201370","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"4083_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016160153","volume":"282","author":"YK Mariappan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mariappan YK, Dzyubak B, Glaser KJ et al (2017) Application of modified spin-echo-based sequences for hepatic MR elastography: evaluation, comparison with the conventional gradient-echo sequence, and preliminary clinical experience. Radiology 282:390\u2013398","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4083_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/0730-725X(82)90267-3","volume":"1","author":"CF Hazlewood","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hazlewood CF, Yamanashi WS, Rangel RA et al (1982) In vivo NMR imaging and T1 measurements of water protons in the human brain. Magn Reson Imaging 1:3\u201310","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"4083_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1684482","volume":"41","author":"DC Look","year":"1970","unstructured":"Look DC, Locker DR (1970) Time saving in measurement of NMR and EPR relaxation times. Rev Sci Instrum 41:250\u2013251","journal-title":"Rev Sci Instrum"},{"key":"4083_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20110","volume":"52","author":"DR Messroghli","year":"2004","unstructured":"Messroghli DR, Radjenovic A, Kozerke S et al (2004) Modified look-locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) for high-resolution T1 mapping of the heart. Magn Reson Med 52:141\u2013146","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"4083_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-015-3378-9","volume":"45","author":"SD Serai","year":"2015","unstructured":"Serai SD, Fleck RJ, Quinn CT et al (2015) Retrospective comparison of gradient recalled echo R2* and spin-echo R2 magnetic resonance analysis methods for estimating liver iron content in children and adolescents. Pediatr Radiol 45:1629\u20131634","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4083_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2013.05.001","volume":"21","author":"AJ Towbin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Towbin AJ, Serai SD, Podberesky DJ (2013) Magnetic resonance imaging of the pediatric liver. imaging of steatosis, iron deposition, and fibrosis Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 21:669\u2013680","journal-title":"imaging of steatosis, iron deposition, and fibrosis Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am"},{"key":"4083_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25392","volume":"45","author":"EM Tunnicliffe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tunnicliffe EM, Banerjee R, Pavlides M et al (2017) A model for hepatic fibrosis: the competing effects of cell loss and iron on shortened modified look-locker inversion recovery T1 (shMOLLI-T1 ) in the liver. J Magn Reson Imaging 45:450\u2013462","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"4083_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.10.009","volume":"64","author":"M Pavlides","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pavlides M, Banerjee R, Sellwood J et al (2016) Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging predicts clinical outcomes in patients with chronic liver disease. J Hepatol 64:308\u2013315","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"4083_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13284","volume":"37","author":"M Pavlides","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pavlides M, Banerjee R, Tunnicliffe EM et al (2017) Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity. Liver Int 37:1065\u20131073","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"4083_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-017-0192-x","volume":"17","author":"ZP Zhou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhou ZP, Long LL, Qiu WJ et al (2017) Evaluating segmental liver function using T1 mapping on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI with a 3.0 tesla. BMC Med Imaging 17:20","journal-title":"BMC Med Imaging"},{"key":"4083_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5621","DOI":"10.1038\/srep05621","volume":"4","author":"M Haimerl","year":"2014","unstructured":"Haimerl M, Verloh N, Fellner C et al (2014) MRI-based estimation of liver function: Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced T1 relaxometry of 3T vs. the MELD score. Sci Rep 4:5621","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4083_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-14-27","volume":"14","author":"N Kawel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kawel N, Nacif M, Zavodni A et al (2012) T1 mapping of the myocardium: intra-individual assessment of the effect of field strength, cardiac cycle and variation by myocardial region. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 14:27","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"key":"4083_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1007\/s10334-014-0438-3","volume":"27","author":"D Neumann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Neumann D, Blaimer M, Jakob PM et al (2014) Simple recipe for accurate T(2) quantification with multi spin-echo acquisitions. MAGMA 27:567\u2013577","journal-title":"MAGMA"},{"key":"4083_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1118\/1.595368","volume":"10","author":"NJ Schneiders","year":"1983","unstructured":"Schneiders NJ, Post H, Brunner P et al (1983) Accurate T2 NMR images. Med Phys 10:642\u2013645","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"4083_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(17)30793-6","volume":"66","author":"HML Filho","year":"2017","unstructured":"Filho HML, Chua-anusorn W, Oliveira CP et al (2017) Novel mapping of fibrosis and hepatic inflammation in NASH patients with dual R2 MRI relaxometry. J Hepatol 66:S243\u2013S244","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"4083_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198511000-00002","volume":"9","author":"RE Sepponen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Sepponen RE, Pohjonen JA, Sipponen JT et al (1985) A method for T1 rho imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr 9:1007\u20131011","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"4083_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24739","volume":"42","author":"Y Takayama","year":"2015","unstructured":"Takayama Y, Nishie A, Asayama Y et al (2015) T1 rho relaxation of the liver: a potential biomarker of liver function. J Magn Reson Imaging 42:188\u2013195","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"4083_CR67","first-page":"152","volume":"4","author":"YX Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang YX, Yuan J (2014) Evaluation of liver fibrosis with T1rho MR imaging. Quant Imaging Med Surg 4:152\u2013155","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"4083_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11101638","volume":"259","author":"YX Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang YX, Yuan J, Chu ES et al (2011) T1rho MR imaging is sensitive to evaluate liver fibrosis: an experimental study in a rat biliary duct ligation model. Radiology 259:712\u2013719","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4083_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Witschey WR 2nd, Borthakur A, Elliott MA et al (2007) Artifacts in T1 rho-weighted imaging: compensation for B(1) and B(0) field imperfections. J Magn Reson 186:75\u201385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2007.01.015"},{"key":"4083_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E73","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.343135047","volume":"34","author":"GB Chavhan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chavhan GB, Alsabban Z, Babyn PS (2014) Diffusion-weighted imaging in pediatric body MR imaging: principles, technique, and emerging applications. Radiographics 34:E73\u2013E88","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"4083_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.168.2.3393671","volume":"168","author":"D Bihan Le","year":"1988","unstructured":"Le Bihan D, Breton E, Lallemand D et al (1988) Separation of diffusion and perfusion in intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging. Radiology 168:497\u2013505","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4083_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2086","volume":"189","author":"B Taouli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Taouli B, Tolia AJ, Losada M et al (2007) Diffusion-weighted MRI for quantification of liver fibrosis: preliminary experience. AJR Am J Roentgenol 189:799\u2013806","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"4083_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/874201","volume":"2015","author":"S Palmucci","year":"2015","unstructured":"Palmucci S, Cappello G, Attina G et al (2015) Diffusion-weighted MRI for the assessment of liver fibrosis: principles and applications. Biomed Res Int 2015:874201","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"4083_CR74","first-page":"118","volume":"28","author":"L Papalavrentios","year":"2015","unstructured":"Papalavrentios L, Sinakos E, Chourmouzi D et al (2015) Value of 3 tesla diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for assessing liver fibrosis. Ann Gastroenterol 28:118\u2013123","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4083_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0147789","volume":"11","author":"B Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang B, Liang L, Dong Y et al (2016) Intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging for staging of hepatic fibrosis. PLoS One 11:e0147789","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4083_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25610","volume":"56","author":"QB Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang QB, Zhu H, Liu HL et al (2012) Performance of magnetic resonance elastography and diffusion-weighted imaging for the staging of hepatic fibrosis: a meta-analysis. Hepatology 56:239\u2013247","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"4083_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-011-2295-z","volume":"22","author":"AA Bakan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bakan AA, Inci E, Bakan S et al (2012) Utility of diffusion-weighted imaging in the evaluation of liver fibrosis. Eur Radiol 22:682\u2013687","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"4083_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21747","volume":"46","author":"M Lewin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lewin M, Poujol-Robert A, Boelle PY et al (2007) Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 46:658\u2013665","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"4083_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.2436","volume":"193","author":"K Sandrasegaran","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sandrasegaran K, Akisik FM, Lin C et al (2009) Value of diffusion-weighted MRI for assessing liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 193:1556\u20131560","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"4083_CR80","first-page":"204","volume":"16","author":"A Soylu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Soylu A, Kilickesmez O, Poturoglu S et al (2010) Utility of diffusion-weighted MRI for assessing liver fibrosis in patients with chronic active hepatitis. Diagn Interv Radiol 16:204\u2013208","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Radiol"},{"key":"4083_CR81","first-page":"155","volume":"31","author":"Y Yang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yang Y, Song B, Wu B et al (2009) Assessment of disease activity and liver fibrosis in chronic viral hepatitis by magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 31:155\u2013159","journal-title":"Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"4083_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2493080080","volume":"249","author":"A Luciani","year":"2008","unstructured":"Luciani A, Vignaud A, Cavet M et al (2008) Liver cirrhosis: intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging \u2014 pilot study. Radiology 249:891\u2013899","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4083_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-012-2626-8","volume":"23","author":"HS Leitao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Leitao HS, Doblas S, d\u2019Assignies G et al (2013) Fat deposition decreases diffusion parameters at MRI: a study in phantoms and patients with liver steatosis. Eur Radiol 23:461\u2013467","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00247-018-4083-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00247-018-4083-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00247-018-4083-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,3]],"date-time":"2019-08-03T19:20:58Z","timestamp":1564860058000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00247-018-4083-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["4083"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00247-018-4083-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-0449","1432-1998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-0449","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 September 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2017","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 January 2018","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 August 2018","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors have active research collaborations, without associated financial support, with Perspectum Diagnostics (related to cT1) and The Mayo Clinic (related to MR elastography).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}