{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T18:07:25Z","timestamp":1793383645293,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1HL10HL105206-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1HL10HL105206-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5UL1TR001425-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5UL1TR001425-03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-018-4180-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,4]],"date-time":"2018-08-04T03:51:56Z","timestamp":1533354716000},"page":"1223-1233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Magnetic resonance imaging of obstructive sleep apnea in children"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3456-503X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert J.","family":"Fleck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally R.","family":"Shott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey L.","family":"Ishman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raouf S.","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lane F.","family":"Donnelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"4180_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2363040306","volume":"236","author":"LF Donnelly","year":"2005","unstructured":"Donnelly LF (2005) Obstructive sleep apnea in pediatric patients: evaluation with cine MR sleep studies. Radiology 236:768\u2013778","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4180_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E714","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1672","volume":"130","author":"C Marcus","year":"2012","unstructured":"Marcus C, Brooks L, Ward S et al (2012) Diagnosis and management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Pediatrics 130:E714\u2013E755","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"4180_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6576","volume":"13","author":"R Berry","year":"2017","unstructured":"Berry R, Brooks R, Gamaldo C et al (2017) AASM scoring manual updates for 2017 (version 2.4). J Clin Sleep Med 13:665\u2013666","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"4180_CR4","unstructured":"Berry RB, Brooks R, Gamaldo DE et al (2017) The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events: rules, terminology and technical specifications. Version 2.4. American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Darien"},{"key":"4180_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.2172","volume":"8","author":"R Berry","year":"2012","unstructured":"Berry R, Budhiraja R, Gottlieb D et al (2012) Rules for scoring respiratory events in sleep: update of the 2007 AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events. J Clin Sleep Med 8:597\u2013619","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"4180_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200912-1930OC","volume":"182","author":"R Bhattacharjee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bhattacharjee R, Kheirandish-Gozal L, Spruyt K et al (2010) Adenotonsillectomy outcomes in treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children a multicenter retrospective study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 182:676\u2013683","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"4180_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200410000-00009","volume":"114","author":"SR Shott","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shott SR, Donnelly LF (2004) Cine magnetic resonance imaging: evaluation of persistent airway obstruction after tonsil and adenoidectomy in children with down syndrome. Laryngoscope 114:1724\u20131729","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"4180_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181adc506","volume":"109","author":"M Mahmoud","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mahmoud M, Gunter J, Donnelly LF et al (2009) A comparison of dexmedetomidine with propofol for magnetic resonance imaging sleep studies in children. Anesth Analg 109:745\u2013753","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"4180_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200206-613OC","volume":"167","author":"R Arens","year":"2003","unstructured":"Arens R, McDonough J, Corbin A et al (2003) Upper airway size analysis by magnetic resonance imaging of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 167:65\u201370","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"4180_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1177\/1089253214548804","volume":"18","author":"D Chatterjee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chatterjee D, Friedman N, Shott S et al (2014) Anesthetic dilemmas for dynamic evaluation of the pediatric upper airway. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 18:371\u2013378","journal-title":"Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"4180_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.177.5.1771031","volume":"177","author":"LF Donnelly","year":"2001","unstructured":"Donnelly LF, Strife JL, Myer CM (2001) Is sedation safe during dynamic sleep fluoroscopy of children with obstructive sleep apnea? AJR Am J Roentgenol 177:1031\u20131034","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"4180_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-009-1367-6","volume":"39","author":"M Mahmoud","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mahmoud M, Gunter J, Sadhasivam S (2009) Cine MRI airway studies in children with sleep apnea: optimal images and anesthetic challenges. Pediatr Radiol 39:1034\u20131037","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4180_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2014.04.045","volume":"78","author":"RJ Fleck","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fleck RJ, Amin RS, Shott SR et al (2014) MRI sleep studies: use of positive airway pressure support in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 78:1163\u20131166","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"4180_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2010.03311.x","volume":"20","author":"M Mahmoud","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mahmoud M, Radhakrishman R, Gunter J et al (2010) Effect of increasing depth of dexmedetomidine anesthesia on upper airway morphology in children. Paediatr Anaesth 20:506\u2013515","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"4180_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2006.01857.x","volume":"16","author":"N Luscri","year":"2006","unstructured":"Luscri N, Tobias J (2006) Monitored anesthesia care with a combination of ketamine and dexmedetomidine during magnetic resonance imaging in three children with trisomy 21 and obstructive sleep apnea. Pediatr Anesth 16:782\u2013786","journal-title":"Pediatr Anesth"},{"key":"4180_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12931","volume":"26","author":"A Kandil","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kandil A, Subramanyam R, Hossain M et al (2016) Comparison of the combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine to propofol or propofol\/sevoflurane for drug-induced sleep endoscopy in children. Pediatr Anesth 26:742\u2013751","journal-title":"Pediatr Anesth"},{"key":"4180_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2013.3279","volume":"139","author":"RJ Fleck","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fleck RJ, Mahmoud M, McConnell K et al (2013) An adverse effect of positive airway pressure on the upper airway documented with magnetic resonance imaging. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 139:636\u2013638","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"4180_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2271020198","volume":"227","author":"LF Donnelly","year":"2003","unstructured":"Donnelly LF, Surdulescu V, Chini BA et al (2003) Upper airway motion depicted at cine MR imaging performed during sleep: comparison between young patients with and those without obstructive sleep apnea. Radiology 227:239\u2013245","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4180_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25675","volume":"46","author":"W Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen W, Gillett E, Khoo M et al (2017) Real-time multislice MRI during continuous positive airway pressure reveals upper airway response to pressure change. J Magn Reson Imaging 46:1400\u20131408","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"4180_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.175.6.1751557","volume":"175","author":"LF Donnelly","year":"2000","unstructured":"Donnelly LF, Strife JL, Myer CM (2000) Glossoptosis (posterior displacement of the tongue) during sleep: a frequent cause of sleep apnea in pediatric patients referred for dynamic sleep fluoroscopy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 175:1557\u20131560","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"4180_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/148.5.1385","volume":"148","author":"RJ Schwab","year":"1993","unstructured":"Schwab RJ, Gefter WB, Hoffman EA et al (1993) Dynamic upper airway imaging during awake respiration in normal subjects and patients with sleep disordered breathing. Am Rev Respir Dis 148:1385\u20131400","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"4180_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bates A, Schuh A, Amine-Eddine G et al (2018) Assessing the relationship between movement and airflow in the upper airway using computational fluid dynamics with motion determined from magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Biomech. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.10.011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.10.011"},{"key":"4180_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-008-0941-7","volume":"38","author":"CV Guimaraes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guimaraes CV, Donnelly LF, Shott SR et al (2008) Relative rather than absolute macroglossia in patients with down syndrome: implications for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. Pediatr Radiol 38:1062\u20131067","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4180_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.183.1.1830175","volume":"183","author":"LF Donnelly","year":"2004","unstructured":"Donnelly LF, Shott SR, LaRose CR et al (2004) Causes of persistent obstructive sleep apnea despite previous tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in children with down syndrome as depicted on static and dynamic cine MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol 183:175\u2013181","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"4180_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.3020","volume":"190","author":"CV Guimaraes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guimaraes CV, Kalra M, Donnelly LF et al (2008) The frequency of lingual tonsil enlargement in obese children. AJR Am J Roentgenol 190:973\u2013975","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"4180_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-006-0149-7","volume":"36","author":"BL Fricke","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fricke BL, Donnelly LF, Shott SR et al (2006) Comparison of lingual tonsil size as depicted on MR imaging between children with obstructive sleep apnea despite previous tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy and normal controls. Pediatr Radiol 36:518\u2013523","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4180_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2016.4274","volume":"143","author":"K Kang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kang K, Koltai P, Lee C et al (2017) Lingual tonsillectomy for treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 143:561\u2013568","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"4180_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim C, Jackson N, Chawla S et al (2011) Quantification of tongue fat by novel MRI techniques and its relationship to BMI. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 183:A3678","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_MeetingAbstracts.A3678"},{"key":"4180_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201310-1753OC","volume":"189","author":"A Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim A, Keenan B, Jackson N et al (2014) Metabolic activity of the tongue in obstructive sleep apnea: a novel application of FDG positron emission tomography imaging. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 189:1416\u20131425","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00247-018-4180-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00247-018-4180-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00247-018-4180-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]],"date-time":"2020-05-16T10:10:57Z","timestamp":1589623857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00247-018-4180-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["4180"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00247-018-4180-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-0449","1432-1998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-0449","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 March 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 May 2018","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 June 2018","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 August 2018","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"None","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}