{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T07:41:52Z","timestamp":1792827712469,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]],"date-time":"2021-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609718400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]],"date-time":"2021-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-020-04876-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]],"date-time":"2021-01-04T21:03:44Z","timestamp":1609794224000},"page":"658-668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Untwisting the complexity of midgut malrotation and volvulus ultrasound"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4711-9928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"HaiThuy N.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar M.","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Paul","family":"Guillerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cicero T.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marla B. K.","family":"Sammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"4876_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)35033-2","volume":"36","author":"W Snyder","year":"1956","unstructured":"Snyder W, Chaffin L (1956) Malrotation of the intestine. Surg Clin North Am 36:1479\u20131494","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"4876_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-004-1279-4","volume":"34","author":"PJ Strouse","year":"2004","unstructured":"Strouse PJ (2004) Disorders of intestinal rotation and fixation (\u201cmalrotation\u201d). Pediatr Radiol 34:837\u2013851","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4876_CR3","first-page":"178","volume":"94","author":"J Lin","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lin J, Lou C, Wang K (1995) Intestinal malrotation and midgut volvulus: a 15-year review. J Formos Med Assoc 94:178\u2013181","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"4876_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1994.02170010045009","volume":"148","author":"J Seashore","year":"1994","unstructured":"Seashore J, Touloukian R (1994) Midgut volvulus: an ever-present threat. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 148:43","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"4876_CR5","first-page":"1","volume":"42","author":"J Schulman","year":"1993","unstructured":"Schulman J, Edmonds LD, McClearn AB et al (1993) Surveillance for and comparison of birth defect prevalences in two geographic areas \u2014 United States, 1983\u201388. MMWR CDC Surveill Summ 42:1\u20137","journal-title":"MMWR CDC Surveill Summ"},{"key":"4876_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2014.01.039","volume":"49","author":"J Aboagye","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aboagye J, Goldstein SD, Salazar JH et al (2014) Age at presentation of common pediatric surgical conditions: reexamining dogma. J Pediatr Surg 49:995\u2013999","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4876_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-195409000-00013","volume":"140","author":"W Snyder Jr","year":"1954","unstructured":"Snyder W Jr, Chaffin L (1954) Embryology and pathology of the intestinal tract: presentation of 40 cases of malrotation. Ann Surg 140:368\u2013379","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"4876_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2003.08.003","volume":"12","author":"AJ Millar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Millar AJ, Rode H, Cywes S (2003) Malrotation and volvulus in infancy and childhood. Semin Pediatr Surg 12:229\u2013236","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4876_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2010.07.004","volume":"149","author":"D Nehra","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nehra D, Goldstein A (2011) Intestinal malrotation: varied clinical presentation from infancy through adulthood. Surgery 149:386\u2013393","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"4876_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2000.6052","volume":"35","author":"P Prasil","year":"2000","unstructured":"Prasil P, Flageole H, Shaw K et al (2000) Should malrotation in children be treated differently according to age? J Pediatr Surg 35:756\u2013758","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4876_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-019-04454-9","volume":"35","author":"C Dekonenko","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dekonenko C, Sujka J, Weaver K et al (2019) The identification and treatment of intestinal malrotation in older children. Pediatr Surg Int 35:665\u2013671","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"4876_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(92)90293-G","volume":"27","author":"A Messineo","year":"1992","unstructured":"Messineo A, MacMillan JH, Palder SB, Filler RM (1992) Clinical factors affecting mortality in children with malrotation of the intestine. J Pediatr Surg 27:1343\u20131345","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4876_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.199.1.8633156","volume":"199","author":"Y Shimanuki","year":"1996","unstructured":"Shimanuki Y, Aihara T, Takano H et al (1996) Clockwise whirlpool sign at color Doppler US: an objective and definite sign of midgut volvulus. Radiology 199:261\u2013264","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4876_CR14","first-page":"32","volume":"8","author":"HC Chao","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chao HC, Kong MS, Chen JY, Lai JY (2000) Sonographic diagnosis of congenital duodenal web: report of a case. J Med Ultrasound 8:32\u201334","journal-title":"J Med Ultrasound"},{"key":"4876_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000505","volume":"59","author":"F Esposito","year":"2014","unstructured":"Esposito F, Vitale V, Noviello D et al (2014) Ultrasonographic diagnosis of midgut volvulus with malrotation in children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 59:786\u2013788","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"4876_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.14.10017","volume":"34","author":"L Zhou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhou L, Li S, Wang W et al (2015) Usefulness of sonography in evaluating children suspected of malrotation: comparison with an upper gastrointestinal contrast study. J Ultrasound Med 34:1825\u20131832","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"4876_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8287","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000008287","volume":"96","author":"W Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang W, Sun H, Luo F (2017) The efficiency of sonography in diagnosing volvulus in neonates with suspected intestinal malrotation. Medicine 96:e8287","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"4876_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02011603","volume":"22","author":"J Pracros","year":"1992","unstructured":"Pracros J, Sann L, Genin G et al (1992) Ultrasound diagnosis of midgut volvulus: the \u201cwhirlpool\u201d sign. Pediatr Radiol 22:18\u201320","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4876_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-008-0762-8","volume":"38","author":"AW Sizemore","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sizemore AW, Rabbani KZ, Ladd A, Applegate KE (2008) Diagnostic performance of the upper gastrointestinal series in the evaluation of children with clinically suspected malrotation. Pediatr Radiol 38:518\u2013528","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4876_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s003830050012","volume":"16","author":"AV Dilley","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dilley AV, Pereira J, Shi ECP et al (2000) The radiologist says malrotation: does the surgeon operate? Pediatr Surg Int 16:45\u201349","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"4876_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1308707","volume":"22","author":"LR Stephens","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stephens LR, Donoghue V, Gillick J (2012) Radiological versus clinical evidence of malrotation, a tortuous tale \u2014 10-year review. Eur J Pediatr Surg 22:238\u2013242","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4876_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2426405","volume":"34","author":"RJ Staton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Staton RJ, Williams JL, Arreola MM et al (2007) Organ and effective doses in infants undergoing upper gastrointestinal (UGI) fluoroscopic examination. Med Phys 34:703\u2013710","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"4876_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2181297","volume":"33","author":"J Damilakis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Damilakis J, Stratakis J, Raissaki M et al (2006) Normalized dose data for upper gastrointestinal tract contrast studies performed to infants: normalized doses to infants from UGIC studies. Med Phys 33:1033\u20131040","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"4876_CR24","unstructured":"United States Environmental Protection Agency (2015) Radiation sources and doses. EPA website. https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/radiation\/radiation-sources-and-doses. Accessed 5 Aug 2020"},{"key":"4876_CR25","unstructured":"Image Gently (2020) Fluoroscopy: upper GI and upper GI with small bowel follow through. Image Gently document. https:\/\/www.imagegently.org\/Portals\/6\/Parents\/Pause_Pulse_UGI_rev.pdf?ver=2013-12-10-160314-120. Accessed 27 Feb 2020"},{"key":"4876_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.159.4.1529850","volume":"159","author":"E Weinberger","year":"1992","unstructured":"Weinberger E, Winters WD, Liddell RM et al (1992) Sonographic diagnosis of intestinal malrotation in infants: importance of the relative positions of the superior mesenteric vein and artery. AJR Am J Roentgenol 159:825\u2013828","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"4876_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-010-1709-4","volume":"40","author":"DK Yousefzadeh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yousefzadeh DK, Kang L, Tessicini L (2010) Assessment of retromesenteric position of the third portion of the duodenum: an US feasibility study in 33 newborns. Pediatr Radiol 40:1476\u20131484","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4876_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-013-2839-2","volume":"44","author":"I Hennessey","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hennessey I, John R, Gent R, Goh DW (2014) Utility of sonographic assessment of the position of the third part of the duodenum using water instillation in intestinal malrotation: a single-center retrospective audit. Pediatr Radiol 44:387\u2013391","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4876_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.164.3.3303123","volume":"164","author":"HL Cohen","year":"1987","unstructured":"Cohen HL, Haller JO, Mestel AL et al (1987) Neonatal duodenum: fluid-aided US examination. Radiology 164:805\u2013809","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4876_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.179.3.2027985","volume":"179","author":"JM Zerin","year":"1991","unstructured":"Zerin JM, DiPietro MA (1991) Mesenteric vascular anatomy at CT: normal and abnormal appearances. Radiology 179:739\u2013742","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4876_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02011604","volume":"22","author":"D Dufour","year":"1992","unstructured":"Dufour D, Delaet MH, Dassonville M et al (1992) Midgut malrotation, the reliability of sonographic diagnosis. Pediatr Radiol 22:21\u201323","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4876_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-011-2118-z","volume":"41","author":"GA Taylor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Taylor GA (2011) CT appearance of the duodenum and mesenteric vessels in children with normal and abnormal bowel rotation. Pediatr Radiol 41:1378\u20131383","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4876_CR33","first-page":"346","volume-title":"Pediatric sonography","author":"OM Navarro","year":"2019","unstructured":"Navarro OM, Siegel MJ (2019) Gastrointestinal tract. In: Siegel MJ (ed) Pediatric sonography, 5th edn. Wolters Kluwer, Philadelphia, pp 346\u2013395","edition":"5"},{"key":"4876_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-009-1152-6","volume":"39","author":"A Daneman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Daneman A (2009) Malrotation: the balance of evidence. Pediatr Radiol 39:164\u2013166","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4876_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B144","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00006629","volume":"29","author":"BZ Koplewitz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Koplewitz BZ, Daneman A (1999) The lateral view: a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of malrotation. Pediatr Radiol 29:B144\u2013B145","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4876_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2403040370","volume":"240","author":"M Epelman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Epelman M (2006) The whirlpool sign. Radiology 240:910\u2013911","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4876_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.140.1.7244217","volume":"140","author":"JK Fisher","year":"1981","unstructured":"Fisher JK (1981) Computed tomographic diagnosis of volvulus in intestinal malrotation. Radiology 140:145\u2013146","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"4876_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-019-04508-z","volume":"50","author":"J Garel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garel J, Daneman A, Rialon K et al (2020) The role of sonography for depiction of a whirlpool sign unrelated to midgut malrotation in neonates. Pediatr Radiol 50:46\u201356","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4876_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-020-04616-1","volume":"50","author":"S Hameed","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hameed S, Caro-Dom\u00ednguez P, Daneman A et al (2020) The role of sonography in differentiating congenital intrinsic duodenal anomalies from midgut malrotation: emphasizing the new signs of duodenal and gastric wall thickening and hyperechogenicity. Pediatr Radiol 50:673\u2013683","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4876_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-008-1116-2","volume":"39","author":"DK Yousefzadeh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yousefzadeh DK (2009) The position of the duodenojejunal junction: the wrong horse to bet on in diagnosing or excluding malrotation. Pediatr Radiol 39:172\u2013177","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"4876_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.12659\/PJR.890219","volume":"79","author":"A Khatami","year":"2014","unstructured":"Khatami A, Mahdavi K, Karimi MA (2014) Ultrasound as a feasible method for the assessment of malrotation. Pol J Radiol 79:112\u2013116","journal-title":"Pol J Radiol"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00247-020-04876-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00247-020-04876-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00247-020-04876-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,20]],"date-time":"2021-03-20T10:04:16Z","timestamp":1616234656000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00247-020-04876-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["4876"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00247-020-04876-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-0449","1432-1998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-0449","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 August 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 October 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 January 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"None","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}