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The T2<jats:sub>PROPELLER CS<\/jats:sub> sequence was compared to a conventional, CS-accelerated Cartesian turbo-spin-echo T2-weighted sequence (T2<jats:sub>Cartesian CS<\/jats:sub>). Apparent contrast-to-noise ratio (aCNR) and signal-to-noise ratio (aSNR) were calculated. Three blinded radiologists independently rated both sequences twice qualitatively on a 5-point Likert-scale from 1\u20135 (non-diagnostic\u2013excellent) for artifacts, image sharpness, basal ganglia delineation, lesion conspicuity, and overall image quality. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and paired sample <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test. Intra- and interrater reliability of qualitative image assessment was evaluated by computing Krippendorff\u2019s <jats:inline-formula>\n                <jats:alternatives>\n                  <jats:tex-math>$$\\alpha$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                  <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                    <mml:mi>\u03b1<\/mml:mi>\n                  <\/mml:math>\n                <\/jats:alternatives>\n              <\/jats:inline-formula> reliability estimates.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The average acquisition time of the T2<jats:sub>PROPELLER CS<\/jats:sub> (189\u2009\u00b1\u200927\u00a0s) was 31% shorter than that of the T2<jats:sub>Cartesian CS<\/jats:sub> sequence (273\u2009\u00b1\u200921\u00a0s; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). aCNR (7.7\u2009\u00b1\u20094.6 vs. 6.2\u2009\u00b1\u20092.8; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004) and aSNR (24.8\u2009\u00b1\u20099.7 vs. 18.8\u2009\u00b1\u20095.5; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were higher for the T2<jats:sub>Cartesian CS<\/jats:sub> compared to the T2<jats:sub>PROPELLER CS<\/jats:sub> sequence. The T2<jats:sub>PROPELLER CS<\/jats:sub> sequence significantly reduced (motion-)artifacts (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and increased image sharpness (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), basal ganglia delineation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001), lesion conspicuity (raters 1 and 2, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; rater 3, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004), and overall image quality (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Metal artifacts were prominent in both sequences, though slightly more pronounced in the T2<jats:sub>PROPELLER CS<\/jats:sub> sequence.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The T2<jats:sub>PROPELLER CS<\/jats:sub> sequence enables faster and motion-robust imaging of the brain in infants and children, reducing the rate of non-diagnostic scans and potentially allowing sedation or general anesthesia to be minimized in the future.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-024-06088-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T07:45:44Z","timestamp":1732607144000},"page":"183-194","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Rapid and motion-robust pediatric brain imaging: T2-weighted turbo-spin-echo PROPELLER acquisition with compressed sensing"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Barbara Daria","family":"Wichtmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Katemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mergim","family":"Kadrija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yannik C.","family":"Layer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leon M.","family":"Bischoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Scheuver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madeleine","family":"Mezger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver M.","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julian A.","family":"Luetkens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike I.","family":"Attenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Radbruch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Paech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"6088_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000818","volume":"56","author":"A Radbruch","year":"2021","unstructured":"Radbruch A, Paech D, Gassenmaier S et al (2021) 1.5 vs 3 tesla magnetic resonance imaging: a review of favorite clinical applications for both field strengths-part 2. 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C.K. is an employee of Philips GmbH. M.K. no relevant relationships. Y.C.L is supported by a research grant from Siemens Healthcare GmbH. L.M.B. no relevant relationships. Y.S. no relevant relationships. M.M. no relevant relationships. O.M.W. is an employee of Philips GmbH. J.A.L. received payments for lectures from Philips Healthcare. U.I.A. speaker\u2019s bureau payments from Siemens; advisory board member for Bayer. A.R. no relevant relationships. D.P. no relevant relationships.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}