{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T02:11:48Z","timestamp":1770430308970,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Radiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Requests for secondary interpretation of imaging examinations adds clinical work and generates additional charges.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To understand the impact of secondary interpretations of pediatric nuclear medicine examinations at a quaternary academic center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this IRB approved study, we retrospectively reviewed nuclear medicine examinations submitted for secondary interpretation by a pediatric radiologist with a nuclear medicine focus at our institution between 08\/2019 and 08\/2024. A single reviewer compared the primary and secondary reports to identify discrepancies that would likely impact clinical management, and discrepancies were confirmed by additional reviewers. Pediatric hematology\/oncology faculty (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =29) and fellows (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =18) at our institution were surveyed to understand requests for, and the impact of, secondary interpretations. Results are summarized with descriptive statistics.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three hundred fifty-eight examinations (median patient age=8\u00a0years) were included, 237 were\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F-FDG PET body scans, 97 were\n                      <jats:sup>123<\/jats:sup>\n                      I-MIBG scans, and 24 were other\u00a0examinations. Secondary interpretations yielded meaningful changes in 17% (60\/358). Of these, 20% (12\/60) changed from negative\/normal to positive, 20% (12\/60) changed from positive to negative\/normal, and 57% (34\/60) included additional positive findings\/diagnoses. Sixteen survey responses (34%;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =16\/47 response rate) were received, with providers indicating that secondary interpretations were clinically useful even when they agreed with the primary impression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Secondary interpretation of pediatric nuclear medicine examinations by pediatric radiologists with nuclear medicine focus resulted in changes that have potential impact on clinical management in 17% of cases. Secondary interpretations completely changed the impression regarding the presence or absence of malignant disease in 40% of these cases. Referring providers identified benefit in secondary interpretations even when they confirmed the primary impression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-025-06441-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T08:30:24Z","timestamp":1764837024000},"page":"464-472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Discrepancies between primary and secondary interpretations of pediatric nuclear medicine imaging examinations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Hoeksema","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shireen","family":"Hayatghaibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan E.","family":"Sharp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yinan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher G.","family":"Anton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robin E.","family":"Norris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew T.","family":"Trout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"6441_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-022-02017-5","volume":"29","author":"MG Flowers","year":"2022","unstructured":"Flowers MG, Khatri GD, Robinson JD (2022) Transfer patient imaging: discordances between community and subspecialist emergency radiologists. 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