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While many of these visits are due to acute trauma, infection is also common and can cause substantial morbidity. This article provides a review of acute pediatric musculoskeletal infections with an additional emphasis on important differential diagnoses to consider. The scope includes cellulitis, abscess, necrotizing soft tissue infections, pyomyositis, infectious tenosynovitis, septic bursitis, septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis. Important differential considerations for these musculoskeletal infections will also be briefly reviewed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-026-06564-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T10:55:07Z","timestamp":1773658507000},"page":"1018-1032","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Imaging of acute musculoskeletal infections in children and their differential diagnoses"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Morgan N.","family":"McLuckey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justine M.","family":"Kemp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur B.","family":"Meyers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"6564_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2009.00652.x","volume":"17","author":"RD Mistry","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mistry RD, Weisz K, Scott HF, Alpern ER (2010) Emergency management of pediatric skin and soft tissue infections in the community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus era. 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