{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T18:52:21Z","timestamp":1785523941186,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL116585"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL116585"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HD118702"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HD118702"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Radiol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-026-06726-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T11:18:56Z","timestamp":1785237536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Brain metabolite changes in neonates of mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy: a case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Steve C. N.","family":"Hui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kushal","family":"Kapse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudeepta K.","family":"Basu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julius S.","family":"Ngwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Limperopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nickie","family":"Andescavage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"6726_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-020-0639-4","volume":"33","author":"JL Hecht","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hecht JL, Quade B, Deshpande V et al (2020) SARS-CoV-2 can infect the placenta and is not associated with specific placental histopathology: a series of 19 placentas from COVID-19-positive mothers. Mod Pathol 33:2092\u20132103","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"6726_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0230295","volume":"15","author":"M Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li M, Chen L, Zhang J et al (2020) The SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 expression of maternal-fetal interface and fetal organs by single-cell transcriptome study. PLoS ONE 15:e0230295","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"6726_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-93931-0","volume":"11","author":"M Mourad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mourad M, Jacob T, Sadovsky E et al (2021) Placental response to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sci Rep 11:14390","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6726_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3572","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17436-6","volume":"11","author":"AJ Vivanti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vivanti AJ, Vauloup-Fellous C, Prevot S et al (2020) Transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Commun 11:3572","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"6726_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2020.100133","volume":"2","author":"CA Penfield","year":"2020","unstructured":"Penfield CA, Brubaker SG, Limaye MA et al (2020) Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in placental and fetal membrane samples. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2:100133","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM"},{"key":"6726_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16974","volume":"129","author":"MA Beesley","year":"2022","unstructured":"Beesley MA, Davidson JR, Panariello F et al (2022) COVID-19 and vertical transmission: assessing the expression of ACE2\/TMPRSS2 in the human fetus and placenta to assess the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. BJOG 129:256\u2013266","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"6726_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1177\/1753495X211038157","volume":"15","author":"K Jeganathan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jeganathan K, Paul AB (2022) Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review. Obstet Med 15:91\u201398","journal-title":"Obstet Med"},{"key":"6726_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2022-0029-SA","volume":"146","author":"DA Schwartz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schwartz DA, Avvad-Portari E, Babal P et al (2022) Placental tissue destruction and insufficiency from COVID-19 causes stillbirth and neonatal death from hypoxic-ischemic injury. Arch Pathol Lab Med 146:660\u2013676","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"6726_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.15787","volume":"5","author":"AG Edlow","year":"2022","unstructured":"Edlow AG, Castro VM, Shook LL et al (2022) Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 1 year in infants of mothers who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy. JAMA Netw Open 5:e2215787","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"6726_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.4415","volume":"6","author":"AG Edlow","year":"2023","unstructured":"Edlow AG, Castro VM, Shook LL et al (2023) Sex-specific neurodevelopmental outcomes among offspring of mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. JAMA Netw Open 6:e234415","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"6726_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhae041","volume":"34","author":"N Andescavage","year":"2024","unstructured":"Andescavage N, Lu YC, Wu Y et al (2024) Intrauterine exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection and early newborn brain development. Cereb Cortex 34:bhae041","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"6726_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2076","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.5775","volume":"325","author":"M Norman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Norman M, Naver L, Soderling J et al (2021) Association of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy with neonatal outcomes. JAMA 325:2076\u20132086","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"6726_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488-e481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.04.019","volume":"227","author":"F Giuliani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Giuliani F, Oros D, Gunier RB et al (2022) Effects of prenatal exposure to maternal COVID-19 and perinatal care on neonatal outcome: results from the INTERCOVID Multinational Cohort Study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 227:488-e481-488 e417","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"6726_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-33343-4","volume":"13","author":"H Saeed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saeed H, Lu YC, Andescavage N et al (2023) Influence of maternal psychological distress during COVID-19 pandemic on placental morphometry and texture. Sci Rep 13:7374","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6726_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-022-00111-w","volume":"2","author":"YC Lu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lu YC, Andescavage N, Wu Y, Kapse K, Andersen NR, Quistorff J, Saeed H, Lopez C, Henderson D, Barnett SD, Vezina G, Wessel D, du Plessis A, Limperopoulos C (2022) Maternal psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic and structural changes of the human fetal brain. Commun Med (Lond) 2:47","journal-title":"Commun Med (Lond)"},{"key":"6726_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2417924","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.17924","volume":"7","author":"S Weiner","year":"2024","unstructured":"Weiner S, Wu Y, Kapse K et al (2024) Prenatal maternal psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic and newborn brain development. JAMA Netw Open 7:e2417924","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"6726_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.05.011","volume":"92","author":"KY Manning","year":"2022","unstructured":"Manning KY, Long X, Watts D et al (2022) Prenatal maternal distress during the COVID-19 pandemic and associations with infant brain connectivity. Biol Psychiatry 92:701\u2013708","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"6726_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaacop.2024.09.008","author":"A Jaffer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jaffer A, Manning KY, Giesbrecht GF et al (2024) COVID-19 pandemic\u2013related prenatal distress and infant functional brain development. JAACAP Open. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaacop.2024.09.008","journal-title":"JAACAP Open"},{"key":"6726_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.5563","volume":"176","author":"LC Shuffrey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shuffrey LC, Firestein MR, Kyle MH et al (2022) Association of birth during the COVID-19 pandemic with neurodevelopmental status at 6 months in infants with and without in utero exposure to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. JAMA Pediatr 176:e215563","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"6726_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.39792","volume":"7","author":"EG Jaswa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jaswa EG, Huddleston HG, Lindquist KJ et al (2024) In utero exposure to maternal COVID-19 and offspring neurodevelopment through age 24 months. JAMA Netw Open 7:e2439792","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"6726_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-61918-2","volume":"14","author":"V Fajardo-Martinez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fajardo-Martinez V, Ferreira F, Fuller T et al (2024) Neurodevelopmental delay in children exposed to maternal SARS-CoV-2 in-utero. Sci Rep 14:11851","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6726_CR22","unstructured":"Thomason ME, Graham A, VanTieghem MR (2020) The COPE-IS: Corona virus perinatal experiences \u2013 impact survey. https:\/\/www.phenxtoolkit.org\/toolkit_content\/PDF\/COS_COPE_IS.pdf"},{"key":"6726_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-024-02449-0","volume":"29","author":"Y Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu Y, De Asis-Cruz J, Limperopoulos C (2024) Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy. Mol Psychiatry 29:2223\u20132240","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"6726_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.2307\/2136404","volume":"24","author":"S Cohen","year":"1983","unstructured":"Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R (1983) A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav 24:385\u2013396","journal-title":"J Health Soc Behav"},{"key":"6726_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Spielberger CD, Sydeman SJ (1994) State-trait anxiety inventory and state-trait anger expression inventory. The use of psychological testing for treatment planning and outcome assessment. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc, Hillsdale, NJ, US, pp 292\u2013321.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9780470479216.corpsy0943","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470479216.corpsy0943"},{"key":"6726_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.2012.00900.x","volume":"42","author":"S Cohen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cohen S, Janicki-Deverts D (2012) Who\u2019s stressed? Distributions of psychological stress in the United States in probability samples from 1983, 2006, and 2009. J Appl Soc Psychol 42:1320\u20131334","journal-title":"J Appl Soc Psychol"},{"key":"6726_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000478993","volume":"2","author":"O Kayikcioglu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kayikcioglu O, Bilgin S, Seymenoglu G, Deveci A (2017) State and trait anxiety scores of patients receiving intravitreal injections. Biomedicine Hub 2:1\u20135","journal-title":"Biomedicine Hub"},{"key":"6726_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1492(199810)11:6<266::AID-NBM530>3.0.CO;2-J","volume":"11","author":"M Mescher","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mescher M, Merkle H, Kirsch J et al (1998) Simultaneous in vivo spectral editing and water suppression. NMR Biomed 11:266\u2013272","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"key":"6726_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4484","volume":"34","author":"A Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lin A, Andronesi O, Bogner W et al (2021) Minimum reporting standards for in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRSinMRS): experts\u2019 consensus recommendations. NMR Biomed 34:e4484","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"key":"6726_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2020.108827","volume":"343","author":"G Oeltzschner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oeltzschner G, Z\u00f6llner HJ, Hui SCN et al (2020) Osprey: open-source processing, reconstruction & estimation of magnetic resonance spectroscopy data. J Neurosci Methods 343:108827","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"6726_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27742","volume":"82","author":"M Wilson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wilson M, Andronesi O, Barker PB et al (2019) Methodological consensus on clinical proton MRS of the brain: review and recommendations. Magn Reson Med 82:527\u2013550","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"6726_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4368","volume":"33","author":"M Mikkelsen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mikkelsen M, Tapper S, Near J et al (2020) Correcting frequency and phase offsets in MRS data using robust spectral registration. NMR Biomed 33:e4368","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"key":"6726_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29370","volume":"88","author":"SCN Hui","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hui SCN, Saleh MG, Z\u00f6llner HJ et al (2022) MRSCloud: a cloud-based MRS tool for basis set simulation. Magn Reson Med 88:1994\u20132004","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"6726_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29093","volume":"87","author":"SCN Hui","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hui SCN, Gong T, Z\u00f6llner HJ et al (2022) The macromolecular MR spectrum does not change with healthy aging. Magn Reson Med 87:1711\u20131719","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"6726_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4854","author":"HJ Zollner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zollner HJ, Davies-Jenkins CW, Murali-Manohar S et al (2022) Feasibility and implications of using subject-specific macromolecular spectra to model short echo time magnetic resonance spectroscopy data. NMR Biomed. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nbm.4854","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"key":"6726_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4618","volume":"35","author":"HJ Z\u00f6llner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Z\u00f6llner HJ, Tapper S, Hui SCN et al (2022) Comparison of linear combination modeling strategies for edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 T. NMR Biomed 35:e4618","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"key":"6726_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3315","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.1c00224","volume":"20","author":"E Holmes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Holmes E, Wist J, Masuda R et al (2021) Incomplete systemic recovery and metabolic phenoreversion in post-acute-phase nonhospitalized COVID-19 patients: implications for assessment of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. J Proteome Res 20:3315\u20133329","journal-title":"J Proteome Res"},{"key":"6726_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10969","DOI":"10.1007\/s11229-021-03276-4","volume":"199","author":"M Rubin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rubin M (2021) When to adjust alpha during multiple testing: a consideration of disjunction, conjunction, and individual testing. Synthese 199:10969\u201311000","journal-title":"Synthese"},{"key":"6726_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2024.04.007","volume":"138","author":"K Thapaliya","year":"2025","unstructured":"Thapaliya K, Marshall-Gradisnik S, Eaton-Fitch N et al (2025) Imbalanced brain neurochemicals in long COVID and ME\/CFS: a preliminary study using MRI. Am J Med 138:567\u2013574","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"6726_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1323290","volume":"14","author":"P Jin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jin P, Cui F, Zhang L (2023) Altered metabolites in the periaqueductal gray of COVID-19 patients experiencing headaches: a longitudinal MRS study. Front Neurol 14:1323290","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"6726_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8020184","author":"S Mahmoud","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mahmoud S, Gharagozloo M, Simard C, Gris D (2019) Astrocytes maintain glutamate homeostasis in the CNS by controlling the balance between glutamate uptake and release. Cells. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells8020184","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"6726_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31822f471c","volume":"70","author":"G Xu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Xu G, Broadbelt KG, Haynes RL et al (2011) Late development of the GABAergic system in the human cerebral cortex and white matter. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 70:841\u2013858","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"6726_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2019.101223","volume":"24","author":"M Jakaria","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jakaria M, Azam S, Haque ME et al (2019) Taurine and its analogs in neurological disorders: focus on therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms. Redox Biol 24:101223","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"6726_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2021.12242","author":"S Baliou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baliou S, Adamaki M, Ioannou P et al (2021) Protective role of taurine against oxidative stress (review). Mol Med Rep. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/mmr.2021.12242","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"6726_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0304522","volume":"19","author":"M Khoramjoo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khoramjoo M, Wang K, Srinivasan K et al (2024) Plasma taurine level is linked to symptom burden and clinical outcomes in post-COVID condition. PLoS ONE 19:e0304522","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"6726_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-021-03081-w","volume":"53","author":"A Atila","year":"2021","unstructured":"Atila A, Alay H, Yaman ME et al (2021) The serum amino acid profile in COVID-19. Amino Acids 53:1569\u20131588","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"6726_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01426-3","volume":"11","author":"L Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang L, Zhou M, Li L et al (2021) Characteristics of mental health implications and plasma metabolomics in patients recently recovered from COVID-19. Transl Psychiatry 11:307","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"6726_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4485","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S325853","volume":"14","author":"S Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang S, Luo P, Xu J et al (2021) Plasma metabolomic profiles in recovered COVID-19 patients without previous underlying diseases 3 months after discharge. J Inflamm Res 14:4485\u20134501","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"6726_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-021-02522-5","volume":"191","author":"O Iwegbulem","year":"2022","unstructured":"Iwegbulem O, Wang J, Pfirrmann RW, Redmond HP (2022) The role of taurine derivatives in the putative therapy of COVID-19-induced inflammation. Ir J Med Sci 191:485\u2013486","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"6726_CR50","first-page":"5274","volume":"27","author":"NN Andescavage","year":"2017","unstructured":"Andescavage NN, du Plessis A, McCarter R et al (2017) Complex trajectories of brain development in the healthy human fetus. Cereb Cortex 27:5274\u20135283","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"6726_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.1638","volume":"71","author":"D Holland","year":"2014","unstructured":"Holland D, Chang L, Ernst TM et al (2014) Structural growth trajectories and rates of change in the first 3 months of infant brain development. JAMA Neurol 71:1266\u20131274","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"6726_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12176","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3479-08.2008","volume":"28","author":"RC Knickmeyer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Knickmeyer RC, Gouttard S, Kang C et al (2008) A structural MRI study of human brain development from birth to 2 years. J Neurosci 28:12176\u201312182","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"6726_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5966","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-14-05966.2002","volume":"22","author":"E Yacubova","year":"2002","unstructured":"Yacubova E, Komuro H (2002) Intrinsic program for migration of cerebellar granule cells in vitro. J Neurosci 22:5966\u20135981","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"6726_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00484","volume":"12","author":"M Rahimi-Balaei","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rahimi-Balaei M, Bergen H, Kong J, Marzban H (2018) Neuronal migration during development of the cerebellum. Front Cell Neurosci 12:484","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"6726_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.1041887","volume":"13","author":"KM Schottelkotte","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schottelkotte KM, Crone SA (2022) Forebrain control of breathing: anatomy and potential functions. Front Neurol 13:1041887","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"6726_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2012.06.015","volume":"16","author":"HJ Grill","year":"2012","unstructured":"Grill HJ, Hayes MR (2012) Hindbrain neurons as an essential hub in the neuroanatomically distributed control of energy balance. Cell Metab 16:296\u2013309","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"6726_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2404","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29709","volume":"61","author":"SCN Hui","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hui SCN, Andescavage N, Limperopoulos C (2025) The role of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in neonatal and fetal brain research. J Magn Reson Imaging 61:2404\u20132424","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"6726_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-57561-6","volume":"14","author":"AA Sharma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sharma AA, Nenert R, Goodman AM, Szaflarski JP (2024) Brain temperature and free water increases after mild COVID-19 infection. Sci Rep 14:7450","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6726_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2018.07.003","volume":"279","author":"RJ Maddock","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maddock RJ, Caton MD, Ragland JD (2018) Estimating glutamate and Glx from GABA-optimized MEGA-PRESS: off-resonance but not difference spectra values correspond to PRESS values. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 279:22\u201330","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging"},{"key":"6726_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1767","volume":"25","author":"SK Ganji","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ganji SK, Banerjee A, Patel AM et al (2012) T2 measurement of J-coupled metabolites in the human brain at 3T. NMR Biomed 25:523\u2013529","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00247-026-06726-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00247-026-06726-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00247-026-06726-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T17:30:05Z","timestamp":1785519005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00247-026-06726-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["6726"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00247-026-06726-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 June 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 July 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 July 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Ethics approval was acquired from the institutional review board of the Children\u2019s National Hospital, and written informed consent was obtained from the mothers of each participant at the time of enrollment. This research was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"None","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflicts of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}