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Imaging and histological findings were systematically compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Distinct imaging\u2013histopathological patterns were identified according to etiology (ischemic, infectious, genetic). Key differentiating features included symmetry of involvement, cerebral surface appearance, integrity of the pial basement membrane, laminar pattern alterations, and associated anomalies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combined PMMRI and neuropathology enable early characterization of polymicrogyria and provide insights into its etiopathogenesis, improving differential diagnosis and genetic counseling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-026-06770-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T11:30:51Z","timestamp":1788607851000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Laminar pattern disruption in fetal incipient polymicrogyria: insights from post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging and neuropathological correlation"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Giana","family":"Izzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Tortora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Toto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariano","family":"Lanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Doneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5508-1149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Arrigoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Tortora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Parazzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Righini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"6770_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws019","volume":"135","author":"AJ Barkovich","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barkovich AJ, Guerrini R, Kuzniecky RI, et al (2012) A developmental and genetic classification for malformations of cortical development: update 2012. 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