{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T10:26:24Z","timestamp":1789381584192,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>) is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide and the most prevalent cause of bacterial sexually transmitted diseases. At present, there is no available vaccine, and recurrences after antibiotics treatment are substantial problems. Major outer membrane protein (MOMP) accounts for 60% of the outer mass of <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>, functioning as trimeric porin, and it is highly antigenic. Therefore, MOMP is the most promising candidate for vaccine developing and target therapy of <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>. Affibody, a new class of affinity ligands derived from the Z-domain in the binding region of <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> protein A, has been the focus of researchers as a viable alternative to antibodies. In this study, the MOMP-targeted affibody molecule (Z<jats:sub>MOMP<\/jats:sub>:461) was screened by phage-displayed peptide library. Further, the affinity and specificity were characterized by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Western blot. Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) indicated that the MOMP-binding affibody could recognize native MOMP in HeLa229 cells infected <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>. Immunoprecipitation assay confirmed further that Z<jats:sub>MOMP<\/jats:sub>:461 molecule specifically recognizes the epitope on relaxed trimer MOMP. Our findings provide strong evidence that affibody molecule (Z<jats:sub>MOMP<\/jats:sub>:461) serves as substitute for MOMP antibody for biological applications and has a great potential for delivering drugs for target therapy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>\n                           <jats:bold>Key points<\/jats:bold>\n                        <\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>\u2022 We screened a novel affibody molecule Z<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>MOMP<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub><jats:italic>:461 targeting Chlamydia trachomatis MOMP.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>\u2022 Z<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>MOMP<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub><jats:italic>:461 recognizes the recombinant and native MOMP with high affinity and specificity.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>\u2022 Z<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>MOMP<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub><jats:italic>:461 could be internalized into live target cells.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-021-11128-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T02:02:16Z","timestamp":1612144936000},"page":"1477-1487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Generation of a novel affibody molecule targeting Chlamydia trachomatis MOMP"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Mingyang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lifang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanli","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"11128_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2016.3721","volume":"49","author":"KG Andersson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Andersson KG, Oroujeni M, Garousi J, Mitran B, St\u00e5hl S, Orlova A, L\u00f6fblom J, Tolmachev V (2016) Feasibility of imaging of epidermal growth factor receptor expression with ZEGFR:2377 affibody molecule labeled with 99mTc using a peptide-based cysteine-containing chelator. Int J Oncol 49(6):2285\u20132293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ijo.2016.3721","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"11128_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4000","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.11.4000","volume":"85","author":"W Baehr","year":"1988","unstructured":"Baehr W, Zhang YX, Joseph T, Su H, Nano FE, Everett KD, Caldwell HD (1988) Mapping antigenic domains expressed by Chlamydia trachomatis major outer membrane protein genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85(11):4000\u20134004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.85.11.4000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"3","key":"11128_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2011.03.175","volume":"90","author":"Y Cai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cai Y, Berger EA (2011) An immunotoxin targeting the gH glycoprotein of KSHV for selective killing of cells in the lytic phase of infection. Antiviral Res 90(3):143\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.antiviral.2011.03.175","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"11128_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.38.3.960-968.1982","volume":"38","author":"HD Caldwell","year":"1982","unstructured":"Caldwell HD, Judd RC (1982) Structural analysis of Chlamydial major outer membrane proteins. Infect Immun 38(3):960\u2013968. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.38.3.960-968.1982","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"3","key":"11128_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.31.3.1161-1176.1981","volume":"31","author":"HD Caldwell","year":"1981","unstructured":"Caldwell HD, Kromhout J, Schachter J (1981) Purification and partial characterization of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis. Infect Immun 31(3):1161\u20131176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.31.3.1161-1176.1981","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"11128_CR6","volume-title":"Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2014","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2015","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015) Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2014. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta"},{"issue":"7","key":"11128_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e68934","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068934","volume":"8","author":"VA Feher","year":"2013","unstructured":"Feher VA, Randall A, Baldi P, Bush RM, de la Maza LM, Amaro RE (2013) A 3-dimensional trimeric \u03b2-barrel model for Chlamydia MOMP contains conserved and novel elements of gram-negative bacterial porins. PLoS One 8(7):e68934. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0068934","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"11128_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emm.2017.35","volume":"49","author":"FY Frejd","year":"2017","unstructured":"Frejd FY, Kim KT (2017) Affibody molecules as engineered protein drugs. Exp Mol Med 49(3):e306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/emm.2017.35","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"11128_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.1.1-5.1996","volume":"178","author":"TP Hatch","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hatch TP (1996) Disulfide cross-linked envelope proteins: the functional equivalent of peptidoglycan in Chlamydiae. J Bacteriol 178(1):1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jb.178.1.1-5.1996","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"13","key":"11128_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3544","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.24607","volume":"8","author":"P Jiang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jiang P, Wang L, Hou B, Zhu J, Zhou M, Jiang J, Wang L, Chen S, Zhu S, Chen J, Zhang L (2018 Jun 7) A novel HPV16 E7-affitoxin for targeted therapy of HPV16-induced human cervical cancer. Theranostics. 8(13):3544\u20133558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/thno.24607","journal-title":"Theranostics."},{"issue":"1","key":"11128_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04190-14","volume":"59","author":"S Kapelski","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kapelski S, de Almeida M, Fischer R, Barth S, Fendel R (2015) Antimalarial activity of granzyme B and its targeted delivery by a granzyme B-single-chain Fv fusion protein. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 59(1):669\u2013672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.04190-14","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"8","key":"11128_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.disamonth.2016.03.010","volume":"62","author":"AB Lane","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lane AB, Decker CF (2016)Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Dis Mon 62(8):269\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.disamonth.2016.03.010","journal-title":"Dis Mon"},{"key":"11128_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e62791","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062791","volume":"8","author":"M Malm","year":"2013","unstructured":"Malm M, Kronqvist N, Lindberg H, Gudmundsdotter L, Bass T, Frejd FY, H\u00f6id\u00e9n-Guthenberg I, Varasteh Z, Orlova TV, St\u00e5hl S, L\u00f6fblom J (2013) Inhibiting HER3-mediated tumor cell growth with affibody molecules engineered to low picomolar affinity by position-directed error-prone PCR-like diversification. Plos One 8:e62791. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0062791","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"issue":"2","key":"11128_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2016.12.008","volume":"23","author":"S Mariathasan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mariathasan S, Tan MW (2017)Antibody-antibiotic conjugates: a novel therapeutic platform against bacterial infections. Trends Mol Med 23(2):135\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molmed.2016.12.008","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"11128_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-811X-11-90","volume":"11","author":"A Mehlitz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mehlitz A, Rudel T (2013) Modulation of host signaling and cellular responses by Chlamydia. Cell Commun Signal 11:90. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1478-811X-11-90","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal"},{"issue":"1","key":"11128_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1128\/MR.55.1.143-190.1991","volume":"55","author":"JW Moulder","year":"1991","unstructured":"Moulder JW (1991) Interaction of Chlamydiae and host cells in vitro. Microbiol Rev. 55(1):143\u2013190","journal-title":"Microbiol Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"11128_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/8.6.601","volume":"8","author":"K Nord","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nord K, Nilsson J, Nilsson B, Uhl\u00e9n M, Nygren PA (1995) A combinatorial library of an alpha-helical bacterial receptor domain. Protein Eng 8(6):601\u2013608","journal-title":"Protein Eng"},{"issue":"10","key":"11128_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13171","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013171","volume":"5","author":"A Nunes","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nunes A, Nogueira PJ, Borrego MJ, Gomes JP (2010) Adaptive evolution of the Chlamydia trachomatis dominant antigen reveals distinct evolutionary scenarios for B- and T-cell epitopes: worldwide survey. PLoS One 5(10):e13171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0013171","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"11128_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4339","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-3521","volume":"66","author":"A Orlova","year":"2006","unstructured":"Orlova A, Magnusson M, Eriksson TL, Nilsson M, Larsson B, H\u00f6id\u00e9n-Guthenberg I, Widstr\u00f6m C, Carlsson J, Tolmachev V, St\u00e5hl S, Nilsson FY (2006) Tumor imaging using a picomolar affinity HER2 binding affibody molecule. Cancer Res. 66(8):4339\u20134348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-3521","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"11128_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Oroujeni M, Garousi J, Andersson KG, L\u00f6fblom J, Mitran B, OrlovaA TV (2018) Preclinical evaluation of [68Ga]Ga-DFO-ZEGFR:2377: A promising affibody-based probe for noninvasive PET imaging of EGFR expression in tumors. Cells. 18, 7(9). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells7090141","DOI":"10.3390\/cells7090141"},{"key":"11128_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00919","volume":"14","author":"JS Schardt","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schardt JS, Oubaid JM, Williams SC, Howard JL, Aloimonos CM, Bookstaver ML, Lamichhane TN, Sokic S, Liyasova MS, O\u2019Neill M, Andresson T, Hussain A, Lipkowitz S, Jay SM (2017) Engineered multivalency enhances affibody-based HER3 inhibition and downregulation in cancer cells. Mol Pharm 14:1047\u20131056. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00919","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"key":"11128_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.13502","volume":"6","author":"J S\u00f6rensen","year":"2016","unstructured":"S\u00f6rensen J, Velikyan I, Sandberg D, Wennborg A, Feldwisch J, Tolmachev V, Orlova A, Sandstr\u00f6m M, Lubberink M, Olofsson H, Carlsson J, Lindman H (2016) Measuring HER2-receptor expression in metastatic breast cancer using [68Ga] ABY-025 affibody PET\/CT. Theranostics 6:262\u2013271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/thno.13502","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"8","key":"11128_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2017.04.007","volume":"35","author":"S St\u00e5hl","year":"2017","unstructured":"St\u00e5hl S, Gr\u00e4slund T, Eriksson Karlstr\u00f6m A, Frejd FY, Nygren P\u00c5, L\u00f6fblom J (2017) Affibody molecules in biotechnological and medical applications. Trends Biotechnol 35(8):691\u2013712. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tibtech.2017.04.007","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"11128_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.58.4.1017-1025.1990","volume":"58","author":"H Su","year":"1990","unstructured":"Su H, Watkins NG, Zhang YX, Caldwell HD (1990)Chlamydia trachomatis-host cell interactions: role of the Chlamydial major outer membrane protein as an adhesin. Infect Immun. 58(4):1017\u20131025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/IAI.58.4.1017-1025.1990","journal-title":"Infect Immun."},{"issue":"17","key":"11128_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6222","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00552-07","volume":"189","author":"G Sun","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sun G, Pal S, Sarcon AK, Kim S, Sugawara E, Nikaido H, Cocco MJ, Peterson EM, de la Maza LM (2007) Structural and functional analyses of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis. J Bacteriol 189(17):6222\u20136235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JB.00552-07","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"7","key":"11128_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3049","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-019-09655-9","volume":"103","author":"L Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang L, Du W, Zhu S, Jiang P, Zhang L (2019) A high-risk papillomavirus 18 E7 affibody-enabled in vivo imaging and targeted therapy of cervical cancer. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 103(7):3049\u20133059. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00253-019-09655-9","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"10","key":"11128_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00203","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00203-17","volume":"24","author":"SS Witkin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Witkin SS, Minis E, Athanasiou A, Leizer J, Linhares IM (2017)Chlamydia trachomatis: the persistent pathogen. Clin Vaccine Immunol 24(10):e00203\u2013e00217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CVI.00203-17","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"issue":"RR-03","key":"11128_CR28","first-page":"1","volume":"64","author":"KA Workowski","year":"2015","unstructured":"Workowski KA, Bolan GA (2015) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015. MMWR Recomm Rep 64(RR-03):1\u2013137","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"issue":"45","key":"11128_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73995","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget","volume":"7","author":"X Xue","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xue X, Wang B, Du W, Zhang C, Song Y, Cai Y, Cen D, Wang L, Xiong Y, Jiang P, Zhu S, Zhao KN, Zhang L (2016) Generation of affibody molecules specific for HPV16 E7 recognition. Oncotarget 7(45):73995\u201374005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/oncotarget","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"17","key":"11128_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7429","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-018-9167-2","volume":"102","author":"S Zhu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhu S, Zhu J, Song Y, Chen J, Wang L, Zhou M, Jiang P, Li W, Xue X, Zhao KN, Zhang L (2018) Bispecific affibody molecule targeting HPV16 and HPV18E7 oncoproteins for enhanced molecular imaging of cervical cancer. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 102(17):7429\u20137439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00253-018-9167-2","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"11128_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-020-2410-7","volume":"11","author":"J Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu J, Kamara S, Cen D, Tang W, Gu M, Ci X, Chen J, Wang L, Zhu S, Jiang P, Chen S, Xue X, Zhang L (2020a) Generation of novel affibody molecules targeting the EBV LMP2A N-terminal domain with inhibiting effects on the proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Cell Death Dis 11(4):213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41419-020-2410-7","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"11128_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1008223","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008223","volume":"16","author":"S Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu S, Chen J, Xiong Y, Kamara S, Gu M, Tang W, Chen S, Dong H, Xue X, Zheng ZM, Zhang L (2020b) Novel EBV LMP-2-affibody and affitoxin in molecular imaging and targeted therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. PLoS Pathog 16(1):e1008223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008223","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"15","key":"11128_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5071","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432","volume":"17","author":"R Zielinski","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zielinski R, Lyakhov I, Hassan M, Kuban M, Shafer-Weaver K, Gandjbakhche A, Capala J (2011) HER2-affitoxin: a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of HER2-overexpressing tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 17(15):5071\u20135081. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res."}],"container-title":["Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00253-021-11128-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00253-021-11128-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00253-021-11128-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]],"date-time":"2021-02-12T13:20:07Z","timestamp":1613136007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00253-021-11128-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["11128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00253-021-11128-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0175-7598","1432-0614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0175-7598","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0614","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 September 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 January 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 January 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 February 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that no human participants or animals were used for the purpose of this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}