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They have mainly been studied for their relevance in animal cells and pathogenic bacteria. Recently, sialic acids have been discovered as an important compound in the extracellular matrix of virtually all microbial life and in \u201c\n                      <jats:italic>Candidatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      Accumulibacter phosphatis\u201d, a well-studied polyphosphate-accumulating organism, in particular. Here, bioaggregates highly enriched with these bacteria (approx. 95% based on proteomic data) were used to study the production of NulOs in an enrichment of this microorganism. Fluorescence lectin-binding analysis, enzymatic quantification, and mass spectrometry were used to analyze the different NulOs present, showing a wide distribution and variety of these carbohydrates, such as sialic acids and bacterial NulOs, in the bioaggregates. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the potential of \u201c\n                      <jats:italic>Ca<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Accumulibacter\u201d to produce different types of NulOs. Proteomic analysis showed the ability of \u201c\n                      <jats:italic>Ca<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Accumulibacter\u201d to reutilize and reincorporate these carbohydrates. This investigation points out the importance of diverse NulOs in non-pathogenic bacteria, which are normally overlooked. Sialic acids and other NulOs should be further investigated for their role in the ecology of \u201c\n                      <jats:italic>Ca<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Accumulibacter\u201d in particular, and biofilms in general.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      \u2022\n                      <jats:italic>\u201cCa. Accumulibacter\u201d has the potential to produce a range of nonulosonic acids<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      \u2022\n                      <jats:italic>Mass spectrometry and lectin binding can reveal the presence and location of nonulosonic acids<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      \u2022\n                      <jats:italic>The role of nonulosonic acid in non-pathogenic bacteria needs to be studied in detail<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-021-11249-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]],"date-time":"2021-03-31T21:02:53Z","timestamp":1617224573000},"page":"3327-3338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Production of nonulosonic acids in the extracellular polymeric substances of \u201cCandidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0442-5773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Tom\u00e1s-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8820-1613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo B.C.","family":"Kleikamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6990-8787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Neu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9897-0723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Pabst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6313-1652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David G.","family":"Weissbrodt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0658-4775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark C.M.","family":"van Loosdrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8952-1253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuemei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"11249_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.1.1.10386","volume":"1","author":"S Almagro-Moreno","year":"2010","unstructured":"Almagro-Moreno S, Boyd EF (2010) Bacterial catabolism of nonulosonic (sialic) acid and fitness in the gut. 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