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Initially, these nanoparticles facilitated simultaneous pretreatment and hydrolysis of the raw SB biomass under ambient conditions (50\u00a0\u00b0C), demonstrating direct catalytic activity by producing 6.55\u2009\u00b1\u20090.112\u00a0g\/L glucose and 4.73\u2009\u00b1\u20090.143\u00a0g\/L xylose within 24\u00a0h. The scalability of this approach was confirmed with similar results achieved in a larger 7.5 L-scale fermentation. A key novelty of this research lies in demonstrating the synergistic effect of CeFe\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      NPs with enzymatic hydrolysis. By incorporating a minimal amount of in-house generated cellulase enzymes alongside CeFe\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      NPs, the sugar yields dramatically increased to 23.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.12\u00a0g\/L of glucose and 13.9\u2009\u00b1\u20090.88\u00a0g\/L of xylose. This indicates that CeFe\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      NPs are not merely catalysts but function effectively as promoters, significantly enhancing the efficiency of enzymatic process. The subsequent fermentation using\n                      <jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>\n                      efficiently converted these sugars, including xylose, into 17.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.98\u00a0g\/L of bioethanol with a productivity of 1.44\u00a0g\/L\/h. Further gene expression studies using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that CeFe\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      NPs played a role in upregulating xylose-utilizing genes within yeast strain, leading to near-complete utilization of xylose. This stimulation of xylose metabolism is a crucial finding that significantly aids in improving the overall economics of the biomass conversion process. This integrated approach, combining magnetic CeFe\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      NPs with enzymatic activity and xylose metabolism, represents a significant step towards more cost-effective and scalable bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      \u2022\n                      <jats:italic>Eco-friendly bioethanol production from sugarcane bagasse using nanobiotechnology<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      \u2022\n                      <jats:italic>Delignification and hydrolysis of biomass by enzyme-mimicking CeFe3O4 nanoparticles<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      \u2022\n                      <jats:italic>Xylose utilization by S. cerevisiae noticed due to CeFe3O4 nanoparticles<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-025-13627-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T12:48:11Z","timestamp":1765198091000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Synergistic effect of Ce-based nanocatalysts in the pretreatment and saccharification of raw lignocellulosic biomass: an advancement in bioethanol production"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Mamata S.","family":"Singhvi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chinmay","family":"Hate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beom Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"13627_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23129","DOI":"10.1039\/c9ra03252e","volume":"9","author":"US Aashima","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aashima US, Arora A, Gautam S, Singh S, Choudhary RJ, Mehta SK (2019) Magnetically retrievable Ce-doped Fe3O4 nanoparticles as scaffolds for the removal of azo dyes. 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