{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T06:41:20Z","timestamp":1773470480115,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,26]],"date-time":"2014-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1403740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skeletal Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-014-1928-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,25]],"date-time":"2014-06-25T06:09:11Z","timestamp":1403676551000},"page":"1271-1279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["The association between Modic changes and pain during 1-year follow-up in patients with lumbar radicular pain"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Elina Iordanova","family":"Schistad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ansgar","family":"Espeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars J\u00f8rgen","family":"Rygh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilie","family":"R\u00f8e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Gjerstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1928_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39223.428495.BE","volume":"334","author":"BW Koes","year":"2007","unstructured":"Koes BW, van Tulder MW, Peul WC. Diagnosis and treatment of sciatica. BMJ. 2007;334:1313\u20137.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1928_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.4045\/tidsskr.10.0236","volume":"130","author":"S Brage","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brage S, Ihlebaek C, Natvig B, Bruusgaard D. Musculoskeletal disorders as causes of sick leave and disability benefits. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2010;130:2369\u201370.","journal-title":"Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen"},{"key":"1928_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-007-0336-8","volume":"16","author":"HB Albert","year":"2007","unstructured":"Albert HB, Manniche C. Modic changes following lumbar disc herniation. Eur Spine J. 2007;16:977\u201382.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"1928_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-013-1700-x","volume":"42","author":"L Berg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Berg L, Hellum C, Gjertsen O, et al. Do more MRI findings imply worse disability or more intense low back pain? A cross-sectional study of candidates for lumbar disc prosthesis. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42:1593\u2013602.","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"1928_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1964-6","volume":"21","author":"A Keller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Keller A, Boyle E, Skog TA, Cassidy JD, Bautz-Holter E. Are Modic changes prognostic for recovery in a cohort of patients with non-specific low back pain? Eur Spine J. 2012;21:418\u201324.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"6","key":"1928_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2013.00427.x","volume":"18","author":"D Steffens","year":"2014","unstructured":"Steffens D, Hancock MJ, Maher CG, Williams C, Jensen TS, Latimer J. Does magnetic resonance imaging predict future low back pain? A systematic review. Eur J Pain. 2014;18(6):755\u201365.","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"1928_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2306","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-012-2398-5","volume":"21","author":"K Konstantinou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Konstantinou K, Lewis M, Dunn KM. Agreement of self-reported items and clinically assessed nerve root involvement (or sciatica) in a primary care setting. Eur Spine J. 2012;21:2306\u201315.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"1928_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2234","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199410000-00022","volume":"19","author":"H Weber","year":"1994","unstructured":"Weber H. The natural history of disc herniation and the influence of intervention. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1994;19:2234\u20138.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"12","key":"1928_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.433","volume":"13","author":"L Grovle","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grovle L, Haugen AJ, Keller A, Ntvig B, Brox JI, Grotle M. Prognostic factors for return to work in patients with sciatica. Spine J. 2013;13(12):1849\u201357.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"1928_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-008-0770-2","volume":"17","author":"TS Jensen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jensen TS, Karppinen J, Sorensen JS, Niinimaki J, Leboeuf-Yde C. Vertebral endplate signal changes (Modic change): a systematic literature review of prevalence and association with non-specific low back pain. Eur Spine J. 2008;17:1407\u201322.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"1928_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.166.1.3336678","volume":"166","author":"MT Modic","year":"1988","unstructured":"Modic MT, Steinberg PM, Ross JS, Masaryk TJ, Carter JR. Degenerative disk disease: assessment of changes in vertebral body marrow with MR imaging. Radiology. 1988;166:193\u20139.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"1928_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2493071999","volume":"250","author":"JA Carrino","year":"2009","unstructured":"Carrino JA, Lurie JD, Tosteson AN, et al. Lumbar spine: reliability of MR imaging findings. Radiology. 2009;250:161\u201370.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"1928_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.03.019","volume":"11","author":"E Arana","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arana E, Kovacs FM, Royuela A, et al. Modic changes and associated features in Southern European chronic low back pain patients. Spine J. 2011;11:402\u201311.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"1928_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2007.05.014","volume":"70","author":"HB Albert","year":"2008","unstructured":"Albert HB, Kjaer P, Jensen TS, Sorensen JS, Bendix T, Manniche C. Modic changes, possible causes and relation to low back pain. Med Hypotheses. 2008;70:361\u20138.","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"1928_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e318093e5dc","volume":"21","author":"KR Chin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chin KR, Tomlinson DT, Auerbach JD, Shatsky JB, Deirmengian CA. Success of lumbar microdiscectomy in patients with modic changes and low-back pain: a prospective pilot study. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2008;21:139\u201344.","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"1928_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E596","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b96b3c","volume":"35","author":"S Ohtori","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ohtori S, Yamashita M, Yamauchi K, Inoue G, Koshi T, Suzuki M, et al. Low back pain after lumbar discectomy in patients showing endplate modic type 1 change. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010;35:E596\u2013600.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1928_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1603-7","volume":"20","author":"WC Jacobs","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jacobs WC, van TM, Arts M, et al. Surgery versus conservative management of sciatica due to a lumbar herniated disc: a systematic review. Eur Spine J. 2011;20:513\u201322.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"1928_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-13-183","volume":"13","author":"AJ Haugen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Haugen AJ, Brox JI, Grovle L, et al. Prognostic factors for non-success in patients with sciatica and disc herniation. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2012;13:183.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"1928_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(91)90034-U","volume":"46","author":"LI Strand","year":"1991","unstructured":"Strand LI, Wisnes AR. The development of a Norwegian pain questionnaire. Pain. 1991;46:61\u20136.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1928_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(83)90114-8","volume":"16","author":"AE Ljunggren","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ljunggren AE. Descriptions of pain and other sensory modalities in patients with lumbago-sciatica and herniated intervertebral discs. Interview administration of an adapted Mcgill Pain Questionnaire. Pain. 1983;16:265\u201376.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1928_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)90097-3","volume":"56","author":"DD Price","year":"1994","unstructured":"Price DD, Bush FM, Long S, Harkins SW. A comparison of pain measurement characteristics of mechanical visual analogue and simple numerical rating scales. Pain. 1994;56:217\u201326.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1928_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1080\/16501970306094","volume":"35","author":"M Grotle","year":"2003","unstructured":"Grotle M, Brox JI, Vollestad NK. Cross-cultural adaptation of the Norwegian versions of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Index. J Rehabil Med. 2003;35:241\u20137.","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"1928_CR23","unstructured":"American College of Radiology (ACR) American Society of Neuroradiology (ASNR), Society of Computed Body Tomography and Magnetic Resonance (SCBT-MR). ACR-ASNR-SCBT-MR Practice Guideline for the Performance of Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) of the Adult Spine. Resolution 15. 2012. http:\/\/www.asnr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/guidelines\/MRI_Adult_Spine.pdf Accessed 26 November 2013."},{"key":"1928_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1080\/02841850701422112","volume":"48","author":"TS Jensen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jensen TS, Sorensen JS, Kjaer P. Intra- and interobserver reproducibility of vertebral endplate signal (modic) changes in the lumbar spine: the Nordic Modic Consensus Group classification. Acta Radiol. 2007;48:748\u201354.","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"1928_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198704000-00016","volume":"12","author":"G Schneiderman","year":"1987","unstructured":"Schneiderman G, Flannigan B, Kingston S, Thomas J, Dillin WH, Watkins RG. Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of disc degeneration: correlation with discography. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1987;12:276\u201381.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1928_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000190828.85331.ef","volume":"30","author":"JJ Jim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jim JJ, Noponen-Hietala N, Cheung KM, et al. The TRP2 allele of COL9A2 is an age-dependent risk factor for the development and severity of intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005;30:2735\u201342.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1928_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/85.3.257","volume":"85","author":"J Sim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sim J, Wright CC. The kappa statistic in reliability studies: use, interpretation, and sample size requirements. Phys Ther. 2005;85:257\u201368.","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"1928_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e480","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/25760339","volume":"85","author":"B Tins","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tins B, Cassar-Pullicino V, Haddaway M, Nachtrab U. Three-dimensional sampling perfection with application-optimised contrasts using a different flip angle evolutions sequence for routine imaging of the spine: preliminary experience. Br J Radiol. 2012;85:e480\u20139.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"1928_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000217681.83524.4a","volume":"31","author":"RA Autio","year":"2006","unstructured":"Autio RA, Karppinen J, Niinimaki J, et al. Determinants of spontaneous resorption of intervertebral disc herniations. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006;31:1247\u201352.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1928_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000261561.12944.ff","volume":"32","author":"M Kuisma","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kuisma M, Karppinen J, Niinimaki J, et al. Modic changes in endplates of lumbar vertebral bodies: prevalence and association with low back and sciatic pain among middle-aged male workers. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2007;32:1116\u201322.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1928_CR31","author":"F Bailly","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bailly F, Maigne JY, Genevay S, et al. Inflammatory pain pattern and pain with lumbar extension associated with Modic 1 changes on MRI: a prospective case-control study of 120 patients. Eur Spine J. 2013. doi: 10.1007\/s00586-013-3036-6 .","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"1928_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000215027.87102.7c","volume":"31","author":"S Ohtori","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ohtori S, Inoue G, Ito T, et al. Tumor necrosis factor-immunoreactive cells and PGP 9.5-immunoreactive nerve fibers in vertebral endplates of patients with discogenic low back Pain and Modic Type 1 or Type 2 changes on MRI. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006;31:1026\u201331.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1928_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-006-0301-y","volume":"16","author":"F Fayad","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fayad F, Lefevre-Colau MM, Rannou F, et al. Relation of inflammatory modic changes to intradiscal steroid injection outcome in chronic low back pain. Eur Spine J. 2007;16:925\u201331.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"1928_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0925","volume":"29","author":"R Rahme","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rahme R, Moussa R. The modic vertebral endplate and marrow changes: pathologic significance and relation to low back pain and segmental instability of the lumbar spine. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2008;29:838\u201342.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"1928_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-10-22","volume":"10","author":"RK Jensen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jensen RK, Leboeuf-Yde C, Wedderkopp N, Sorensen JS, Manniche C. Rest versus exercise as treatment for patients with low back pain and Modic changes. A randomized controlled clinical trial. BMC Med. 2012;10:22.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"1928_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-012-2419-4","volume":"21","author":"A Sorlie","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sorlie A, Moholdt V, Kvistad KA, et al. Modic type I changes and recovery of back pain after lumbar microdiscectomy. Eur Spine J. 2012;21:2252\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"1928_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3182188a90","volume":"37","author":"E Kaapa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kaapa E, Luoma K, Pitkaniemi J, Kerttula L, Gronblad M. Correlation of size and type of modic types 1 and 2 lesions with clinical symptoms: a descriptive study in a subgroup of patients with chronic low back pain on the basis of a university hospital patient sample. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2012;37:134\u20139.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1928_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3180bc2431","volume":"32","author":"JN Gibson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gibson JN, Waddell G. Surgical interventions for lumbar disc prolapse: updated Cochrane Review. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2007;32:1735\u201347.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1928_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-011-0963-y","volume":"54","author":"L Berg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Berg L, Neckelmann G, Gjertsen O, et al. Reliability of MRI findings in candidates for lumbar disc prosthesis. Neuroradiology. 2012;54:699\u2013707.","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"1928_CR40","author":"SA Nagy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nagy SA, Juhasz I, Komaromy H, et al. A statistical model for intervertebral disc degeneration: determination of the optimal T2 cut-off values. Clin Neuroradiol. 2013. doi: 10.1007\/s00062-013-0266-2 .","journal-title":"Clin Neuroradiol"},{"key":"1928_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318257ffce","volume":"37","author":"T Bendix","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bendix T, Sorensen JS, Henriksson GA, Bolstad JE, Narvestad EK, Jensen TS. Lumbar modic changes\u2014a comparison between findings at low- and high-field magnetic resonance imaging. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2012;37:1756\u201362.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1928_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S93","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-005-1045-9","volume":"15","author":"AF Mannion","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mannion AF, Elfering A. Predictors of surgical outcome and their assessment. Eur Spine J. 2006;15 Suppl 1:S93\u2013108.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"}],"container-title":["Skeletal Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00256-014-1928-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00256-014-1928-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00256-014-1928-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T09:50:16Z","timestamp":1598003416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00256-014-1928-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,26]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}},"alternative-id":["1928"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00256-014-1928-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-2348","1432-2161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-2348","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,26]]}}}