{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T10:06:08Z","timestamp":1789380368964,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016670","name":"Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["100379"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["100379"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016670","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Swemac Innovation AB"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003945","name":"Link\u00f6ping University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003945","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skeletal Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Implant loosening is a serious complication after total wrist arthroplasty. Radiostereometric analysis has been the gold standard for measurement of implant migration; however, the use of bead free computer tomography radiostereometric analysis (CT-RSA)\u00a0has emerged as an alternative due to its higher precision. In this study, the precision of a novel photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) was compared to conventional energy-integrating detector CT (EID-CT) at different radiation doses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One cadaveric wrist with total wrist arthroplasty (TWA) implant was scanned 40 times with EID-CT and PCD-CT at two radiation doses. Additionally, eight patients with the same implant were scanned with PCD-CT post-surgery, and after 6 and 12\u00a0months. PCD-CT scans were reconstructed with 0.2-mm and 1.0-mm slice thickness. Precision data for the cadaveric wrist and migration data for the patients were calculated using CT-RSA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The precision of total implant rotation was significantly better with PCD-CT at half the radiation dose (0.08\u00b0) compared to full-dose EID-CT (0.15\u00b0,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). Similarly, translational precision at the implant tip was higher with half-dose PCD-CT (0.02\u00a0mm) than with EID-CT (0.03\u00a0mm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04). For migration, the proximal component had moved (median) \u22120.04\u00a0mm distally at 6\u00a0months and 0.01\u00a0mm at 12\u00a0months. The rotation around the axis at these time points was 0.03\u00b0 and 0.06\u00b0, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cadaveric precision study, PCD-CT enabled CT-RSA measurements with high precision at a lower radiation dose than conventional EID-CT. The accompanying eight-patient in vivo cohort should be interpreted as a feasibility cohort and showed only small descriptive early migration values during the first postoperative year. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to determine clinically relevant migration thresholds and the value of this method for detecting implant loosening.\u201d<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Photon\u2011counting detector computed tomography and computed tomography micromotion analysis allow high-definition tracking of total wrist arthroplasty migration at half the radiation dose of conventional CT, offering a high\u2011precision, low\u2011dose tool for early detection of implant loosening.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-026-05293-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T04:49:17Z","timestamp":1785214157000},"page":"2835-2844","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Precision of photon-counting detector CT compared to conventional CT for total wrist arthroplasty migration: a cadaveric and clinical study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Gustav","family":"Lind","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Tesselaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olof","family":"Sandberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Farnebo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"5293_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193418784707","volume":"43","author":"O Reigstad","year":"2018","unstructured":"Reigstad O, R\u00f8kkum M. Wrist arthroplasty using prosthesis as an alternative to arthrodesis: design, outcomes and future. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2018;43(7):689\u201399.","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5293_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2017.06.097","volume":"42","author":"O Reigstad","year":"2017","unstructured":"Reigstad O, et al. Five- to 10-year prospective follow-up of wrist arthroplasty in 56 nonrheumatoid patients. J Hand Surg Am. 2017;42(10):788\u201396.","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"5293_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1142\/S242483552371008X","volume":"28","author":"M Maher","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maher M, et al. Revision of Motec total wrist replacement in the second metacarpal. J Hand Surg Asian Pac. 2023;28(5):596\u20139.","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Asian Pac"},{"issue":"6","key":"5293_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2012.745353","volume":"83","author":"BG Pijls","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pijls BG, et al. Early proximal migration of cups is associated with late revision in THA: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 26 RSA studies and 49 survivalstudies. Acta Orthop. 2012;83(6):583\u201391.","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"key":"5293_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.2340\/17453674.2023.24579","volume":"94","author":"R Puijk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Puijk R, et al. 6-month migration sufficient for evaluation of total knee replacements: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Orthop. 2023;94:577\u201387.","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"issue":"11","key":"5293_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3053","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24063","volume":"36","author":"T Holm-Glad","year":"2018","unstructured":"Holm-Glad T, et al. High precision and accuracy of model-based RSA for analysis of wrist arthroplasty. J Orthop Res. 2018;36(11):3053\u201363.","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"5293_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1080\/17453674.2021.1906082","volume":"92","author":"C Brod\u00e9n","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brod\u00e9n C, et al. Precision of CT-based micromotion analysis is comparable to radiostereometry for early migration measurements in cemented acetabular cups. Acta Orthop. 2021;92(4):419\u201323.","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"key":"5293_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2022.110442","volume":"154","author":"N K\u00e4mmerling","year":"2022","unstructured":"K\u00e4mmerling N, et al. Assessment of image quality in photon-counting detector computed tomography of the wrist - an ex vivo study. Eur J Radiol. 2022;154:110442.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5293_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-022-04117-2","volume":"52","author":"K Rajendran","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rajendran K, et al. Improved visualization of the wrist at lower radiation dose with photon-counting-detector CT. Skeletal Radiol. 2023;52(1):23\u20139.","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5293_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diii.2024.09.002","volume":"106","author":"J Greffier","year":"2025","unstructured":"Greffier J, et al. Photon-counting CT systems: a technical review of current clinical possibilities. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2025;106(2):53\u20139.","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Imaging"},{"key":"5293_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2024.111383","volume":"173","author":"N K\u00e4mmerling","year":"2024","unstructured":"K\u00e4mmerling N, et al. A comparative study of image quality and diagnostic confidence in diagnosis and follow-up of scaphoid fractures using photon-counting detector CT and energy-integrating detector CT. Eur J Radiol. 2024;173:111383.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"5293_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-023-03542-w","volume":"33","author":"N Lundin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lundin N, et al. Computed tomography micromotion analysis in the follow-up of patients with surgically treated pelvic fractures: a prospective clinical study. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2023;33(7):3143\u201351.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"key":"5293_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.2340\/17453674.2022.1976","volume":"93","author":"C Brod\u00e9n","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brod\u00e9n C, et al. CT-based micromotion analysis method can assess early implant migration and development of radiolucent lines in cemented glenoid components: a clinical feasibility study. Acta Orthop. 2022;93:277\u201383.","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"key":"5293_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5909741","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5909741","volume":"2016","author":"C Brod\u00e9n","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brod\u00e9n C, et al. Accuracy and precision of three-dimensional low dose CT compared to standard RSA in acetabular cups: an experimental study. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:5909741.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"5293_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185119882659","volume":"61","author":"C Brod\u00e9n","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brod\u00e9n C, et al. Accuracy and precision of a CT method for assessing migration in shoulder arthroplasty: an experimental study. Acta Radiol. 2020;61(6):776\u201382.","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"5293_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1007\/s43465-023-01020-3","volume":"57","author":"E Lundqvist","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lundqvist E, et al. CT-based micromotion analysis after locking plate fixation of AO type C distal radius fractures. Indian J Orthop. 2023;57(12):2031\u20139.","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"issue":"5","key":"5293_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1080\/2000656X.2021.1874398","volume":"55","author":"T Schriever","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schriever T, Olivecrona H, Wilcke M. There is motion between the scaphoid and the lunate during the dart-throwing motion. J Plast Surg Hand Surg. 2021;55(5):294\u20136.","journal-title":"J Plast Surg Hand Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"5293_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2019.09.009","volume":"2","author":"T Schriever","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schriever T, Olivecrona H, Wilcke M. Triquetral motion is limited in vivo after lunocapitate arthrodesis. J Hand Surg Glob Online. 2020;2(1):42\u20135.","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Glob Online"},{"key":"5293_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reiser D, Kakar S, Sandberg O, Wretenberg P, Sagerfors M. CT motion-analysis of implant loosening in total wrist arthroplasty: a pilot study. 2025.","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2528-0045"},{"issue":"12","key":"5293_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000789","volume":"56","author":"JP Grunz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Grunz JP, et al. Image quality assessment for clinical cadmium telluride-based photon-counting computed tomography detector in cadaveric wrist imaging. Invest Radiol. 2021;56(12):785\u201390.","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5293_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1177\/17531934221132692","volume":"48","author":"R Booij","year":"2023","unstructured":"Booij R, et al. Photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) - an emerging technology in hand and wrist imaging. J Hand Surg Eur. 2023;48(5):489\u201394.","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur"}],"container-title":["Skeletal Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00256-026-05293-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00256-026-05293-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00256-026-05293-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T09:41:11Z","timestamp":1789378871000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00256-026-05293-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["5293"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00256-026-05293-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-2348","1432-2161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-2348","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 June 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 July 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Approval from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority was obtained for this study (Dnr 2023-04144-01, obtained 19\/10\/2023\n                      )\n                      . Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all patients.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Patients eligible to participate received oral and written information about the study and were given the option to decline.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"OS works as an engineer and researcher at Sectra AB, a company that develops and sells CT\u2010RSA software. SF provides consulting services for Swemac Innovation AB. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest, and none of the authors have any possible personal financial gain from the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}