{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T20:39:36Z","timestamp":1792528776328,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24-10862S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24-10862S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skeletal Radiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Standard osteoporosis assessment using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides limited 2D measures (BMD, T-score), potentially missing localized bone density differences relevant to fracture risk. Opportunistic CT allows comprehensive 3D volumetric bone density analysis. This study presents a detailed 3D statistical model of CT-derived apparent volumetric bone mineral density (CT-vBMD) covering the L4 and L5 vertebrae, pelvic bones, sacrum, and proximal femur and examines spatial distributions and associations with age and sex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective analysis included 330 routine abdominal CT scans (ages 20\u201391; approximately balanced by sex). Bones were segmented with a semi-automated workflow, internally calibrated, registered to bone-specific population templates, and projected onto corresponding tetrahedral meshes. Whole-bone averages were compared across age groups and between sexes. For each element, we calculated mean vBMD, variability, correlations with age and sex, and cluster-defined low-density and age-sensitive subregions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The global spatial pattern was similar in females and males. The highest CT-vBMD values were localized mainly to cortical load-bearing zones, whereas the lowest values were concentrated in trabecular spongiosa. Older age was associated with lower whole-bone CT-vBMD in all bones and with stronger negative associations in trabecular-rich regions, such as the subchondral acetabulum, femoral neck, sacral ala, and vertebral bodies. Cortical-dominant load-bearing regions showed weaker negative associations with age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This framework maps anatomically localized associations between age and CT-vBMD beyond the regions routinely assessed by DXA. Opportunistic CT mapping may complement standard osteoporosis assessment by providing spatial information for the pelvis, sacrum, lower lumbar spine, and proximal femur.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-026-05380-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T07:45:55Z","timestamp":1792482355000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Age- and sex-specific values of regional bone mineral density from opportunistic CT of the lower lumbar spine, pelvis, sacrum, and proximal femur"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8167-5031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate\u0159ina","family":"Matou\u0161ov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2252-6719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Mor\u00e1vek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4922-1037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Kucha\u0159","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8277-6616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Ondruschka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6263-8016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji\u0159\u00ed","family":"\u0160afka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8700-0163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petr","family":"Heny\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"5380_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15095","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33444-5","volume":"8","author":"C Mann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mann C, Ziegeler K, Mews J, Plaschke M, Issever AS. 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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"In keeping with the policies for this retrospective review, informed consent was not required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}