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In this approach, we tried to mimic ex vivo the irradiation of patient blood in the first hours after radioiodine therapy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Blood of 33 patients of two centres was collected immediately before radioiodine therapy of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and split into two samples. One sample served as non-irradiated control. The second sample was exposed to ionizing radiation by adding 1\u00a0ml of [<jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I]NaI solution to 7\u00a0ml of blood, followed by incubation at 37\u00a0\u00b0C for 1\u00a0h. PBMCs of both samples were isolated, split in three parts each and (i) fixed in 70% ethanol and stored at\u2009\u2212\u200920\u00a0\u00b0C directly (0\u00a0h) after irradiation, (ii) after 4\u00a0h and (iii) 24\u00a0h after irradiation and culture in RPMI medium. After immunofluorescence staining microscopically visible co-localizing \u03b3-H2AX\u2009+\u200953BP1 foci were scored in 100 cells per sample as biomarkers for radiation-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Thirty-two of 33 blood samples could be analysed. The mean absorbed dose to the blood in all irradiated samples was 50.1\u2009\u00b1\u20092.3\u00a0mGy. For all time points (0\u00a0h, 4\u00a0h, 24\u00a0h), the average number of \u03b3-H2AX\u2009+\u200953BP1 foci per cell was significantly different when compared to baseline and the other time points. The average number of radiation-induced foci (RIF) per cell after irradiation was 0.72\u2009\u00b1\u20090.16 at <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090\u00a0h, 0.26\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09 at <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094\u00a0h and 0.04\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09 at <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200924\u00a0h. A monoexponential fit of the mean values of the three time points provided a decay rate of 0.25\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05\u00a0h<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, which is in good agreement with data obtained from external irradiation with \u03b3- or X-rays.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study provides novel data about the ex vivo DSB repair in internally irradiated PBMCs of patients before radionuclide therapy. Our findings show, in a large patient sample, that efficient repair occurs after internal irradiation with 50\u00a0mGy absorbed dose, and that the induction and repair rate after <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I exposure is comparable to that of external irradiation with \u03b3- or X-rays.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-021-05605-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,13]],"date-time":"2021-11-13T08:02:51Z","timestamp":1636790571000},"page":"1447-1455","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["DNA damage and repair in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after internal ex vivo irradiation of patient blood with 131I"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Schumann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Scherthan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Pfestroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Schoof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Pfestroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Hartrampf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Hasenauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the respective ethics committees (UKW: Az. 246\/18, UKM: Az. 83\/19) and with the principles of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"ML has received research grants by IPSEN Pharma and Nordic Nanovector. All other authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}