{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:18:09Z","timestamp":1786979889053,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640217600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early diagnosis and treatment are of paramount importance for pediatric patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE). The aim is to evaluate the usefulness of FDG PET\/CT in pediatric patients with suspected AE from a prospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prospective study was conducted over a period of 23.5\u00a0months from May 14, 2019, to April 30, 2021. All patients (&lt;\u200918-year-old) were hospitalized at the department of pediatric neurology and met the criteria of clinical suspected AE. The children underwent the tests of blood samplings, CSF, EEG, MRI, and\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F-FDG PET\/CT. The criteria for FDG PET\/CT diagnosis of AE were large lobar hypometabolism with or without focal hypermetabolism found on PET\/CT. The clinical final diagnosis of AE includes seropositive and seronegative AE based on the diagnostic criteria.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred four pediatric inpatients (57 boys, 47 girls) were included, of which 58 children were diagnosed with AE (seropositive, 16; seronegative, 42), 45 children were diagnosed with non-AE, and one boy remained indeterminate diagnosis. Large lobar hypometabolism was found in 61 children, of which 54 (88.5%) children were finally diagnosed with AE. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of FDG PET\/CT for diagnosis of AE were 93.1%, 84.4%, and 89.3%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 88.5% and a negative predictive value of 90.5%. The most common involved with hypometabolism was the parietal lobe, followed by occipital and frontal lobes, finally the temporal lobe on PET\/CT in children with AE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Brain FDG PET\/CT imaging has high specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy for diagnosis of AE in clinical suspected AE children.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Trial registration.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical Trials.gov. NCT02969213. Registered 17 October 2016.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-021-05649-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T23:19:39Z","timestamp":1640215179000},"page":"1918-1929","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Usefulness of brain FDG PET\/CT imaging in pediatric patients with suspected autoimmune encephalitis from a prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4818-6655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yafu","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuqi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suyun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"5649_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1708712","volume":"378","author":"J Dalmau","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dalmau J, Graus F. 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