{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T04:48:35Z","timestamp":1773809315217,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]],"date-time":"2022-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]],"date-time":"2022-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CO-2016-02361470"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CO-2016-02361470"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ricerca Corrente 2018-2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ricerca Corrente 2018-2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-19-P3IA-0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-19-P3IA-0002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We evaluated the prognostic value of immunotherapy-induced organ inflammation observed on <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>FDG PET in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Data from patients with IIIB\/IV NSCLC included in two different prospective trials were analyzed. <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>FDG PET\/CT exams were performed at baseline (PET<jats:sub>Baseline<\/jats:sub>) and repeated after 7\u20138\u00a0weeks (PET<jats:sub>Interim<\/jats:sub>1) and 12\u201316\u00a0weeks (PET<jats:sub>Interim<\/jats:sub>2) of treatment, using iPERCIST for tumor response evaluation. The occurrence of abnormal organ <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>FDG uptake, deemed to be due to ICPI-related organ inflammation, was collected.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Exploratory cohort (Nice, France): PET<jats:sub>Interim<\/jats:sub>1 and PET<jats:sub>Interim<\/jats:sub>2 revealed the occurrence of at least one ICPI-induced organ inflammation in 72.8% of patients, including midgut\/hindgut inflammation (33.7%), gastritis (21.7%), thyroiditis (18.5%), pneumonitis (17.4%), and other organ inflammations (9.8%). iPERCIST tumor response was associated with improved progression-free survival (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). iPERCIST tumor response and immuno-induced gastritis assessed on PET were both associated with improved overall survival (OS) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032). Combining these two independent variables, we built a model predicting patients\u2019 2-year OS with a sensitivity of 80.3% and a specificity of 69.2% (AUC\u2009=\u200972.7). Validation cohort (Genova, Italy): Immuno-induced gastritis (19.6% of patients) was associated with improved OS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04). The model built previously predicted 2-year OS with a sensitivity and specificity of 72.0% and 63.6% (AUC\u2009=\u200970.7) and 3-year OS with a sensitivity and specificity of 69.2% and 80.0% (AUC\u2009=\u200978.2).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Immuno-induced gastritis revealed by early interim <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>FDG PET in around 20% of patients with NSCLC treated with ICPI is a novel and reproducible imaging biomarker of improved OS.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-022-05788-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]],"date-time":"2022-05-14T01:03:12Z","timestamp":1652490192000},"page":"3878-3891","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Prognostic value of immunotherapy-induced organ inflammation assessed on 18FDG PET in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4440-5416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivier","family":"Humbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Bauckneht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jocelyn","family":"Gal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Paquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Chardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurelie","family":"Schiazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Genova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renaud","family":"Schiappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lodovica","family":"Zullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florent","family":"Hugonnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Darcourt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Morbelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josiane","family":"Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"5788_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01281-7","volume":"387","author":"RS Herbst","year":"2016","unstructured":"Herbst RS, Baas P, Kim D-W, et al. Pembrolizumab versus docetaxel for previously treated, PD-L1-positive, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (KEYNOTE-010): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Lond Engl. 2016;387:1540\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01281-7.","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl."},{"key":"5788_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30407-3","volume":"20","author":"SJ Antonia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Antonia SJ, Borghaei H, Ramalingam SS, et al. Four-year survival with nivolumab in patients with previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a pooled analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20:1395\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30407-3.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"5788_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cllc.2017.10.014","volume":"19","author":"K Takada","year":"2018","unstructured":"Takada K, Toyokawa G, Shoji F, et al. The significance of the PD-L1 expression in non\u2013small-cell lung cancer: trenchant double swords as predictive and prognostic markers. Clin Lung Cancer. 2018;19:120\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cllc.2017.10.014.","journal-title":"Clin Lung Cancer."},{"key":"5788_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-018-0191-1","volume":"50","author":"P Darvin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Darvin P, Toor SM, Sasidharan Nair V, et al. Immune checkpoint inhibitors: recent progress and potential biomarkers. Exp Mol Med. 2018;50:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s12276-018-0191-1.","journal-title":"Exp Mol Med."},{"key":"5788_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-1970","volume":"24","author":"DL Jardim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jardim DL, de Melo GD, Giles FJ, et al. Analysis of drug development paradigms for immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res Off J Am Assoc Cancer Res. 2018;24:1785\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-1970.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res Off J Am Assoc Cancer Res."},{"key":"5788_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv182","volume":"26","author":"TW Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen TW, Razak AR, Bedard PL, et al. A systematic review of immune-related adverse event reporting in clinical trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol. 2015;26:1824\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdv182.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol."},{"key":"5788_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2377","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx286","volume":"28","author":"L Khoja","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khoja L, Day D, Wei-Wu Chen T, et al. Tumour- and class-specific patterns of immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review. Ann Oncol. 2017;28:2377\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdx286.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol."},{"key":"5788_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Weber JS, Hodi FS, Wolchok JD, et al. Safety profile of nivolumab monotherapy: a pooled analysis of patients with advanced melanoma. Published Online First: March 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2015.66.1389","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2015.66.1389"},{"key":"5788_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-017-0534-0","volume":"36","author":"T Fujii","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fujii T, Colen RR, Bilen MA, et al. Incidence of immune-related adverse events and its association with treatment outcomes: the MD Anderson Cancer Center experience. Invest New Drugs. 2018;36:638\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10637-017-0534-0.","journal-title":"Invest New Drugs"},{"key":"5788_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000278","DOI":"10.1136\/esmoopen-2017-000278","volume":"3","author":"MH Geukes Foppen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Geukes Foppen MH, Rozeman EA, van Wilpe S, et al. Immune checkpoint inhibition-related colitis: symptoms, endoscopic features, histology and response to management. ESMO Open. 2018;3:e000278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/esmoopen-2017-000278.","journal-title":"ESMO Open."},{"key":"5788_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.2925","volume":"4","author":"K Haratani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Haratani K, Hayashi H, Chiba Y, et al. Association of immune-related adverse events with nivolumab efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2018;4:374\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.2925.","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"5788_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2019.0059","volume":"17","author":"DS Ettinger","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ettinger DS, Wood DE, Aggarwal C, et al. NCCN guidelines insights: non\u2013small cell lung cancer, Version 1.2020: Featured Updates to the NCCN Guidelines. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2019;17:1464\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6004\/jnccn.2019.0059.","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw."},{"key":"5788_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iv192","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdy275","volume":"29","author":"D Planchard","year":"2018","unstructured":"Planchard D, Popat S, Kerr K, et al. Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol. 2018;29:iv192-237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdy275.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol."},{"key":"5788_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-019-04573-4","volume":"47","author":"O Humbert","year":"2020","unstructured":"Humbert O, Cadour N, Paquet M, et al. 18FDG PET\/CT in the early assessment of non-small cell lung cancer response to immunotherapy: frequency and clinical significance of atypical evolutive patterns. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2020;47:1158\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-019-04573-4.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging."},{"key":"5788_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.119.233056","volume":"61","author":"G Rossi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rossi G, Bauckneht M, Genova C, et al. Comparison between 18F-FDG PET\u2013based and CT-based criteria in non\u2013small cell lung cancer patients treated with nivolumab. J Nucl Med. 2020;61:990\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2967\/jnumed.119.233056.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med."},{"key":"5788_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s13550-019-0473-1","volume":"9","author":"L Goldfarb","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goldfarb L, Duchemann B, Chouahnia K, et al. Monitoring anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer with FDG PET: introduction of iPERCIST. EJNMMI Res. 2019;9:8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13550-019-0473-1.","journal-title":"EJNMMI Res"},{"key":"5788_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-016-0162-9","volume":"4","author":"KK Tsai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tsai KK, Pampaloni MH, Hope C, et al. Increased FDG avidity in lymphoid tissue associated with response to combined immune checkpoint blockade. J Immunother Cancer. 2016;4:58. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40425-016-0162-9.","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer."},{"key":"5788_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e143","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30074-8","volume":"18","author":"L Seymour","year":"2017","unstructured":"Seymour L, Bogaerts J, Perrone A, et al. iRECIST: guidelines for response criteria for use in trials testing immunotherapeutics. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18:e143\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30074-8.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"5788_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122S","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.108.057307","volume":"50","author":"RL Wahl","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wahl RL, Jacene H, Kasamon Y, et al. From RECIST to PERCIST: evolving considerations for PET response criteria in solid tumors. J Nucl Med Off Publ Soc Nucl Med. 2009;50(Suppl 1):122S-S150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2967\/jnumed.108.057307.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med Off Publ Soc Nucl Med."},{"key":"5788_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/81.3.515","volume":"81","author":"PM Grambsch","year":"1994","unstructured":"Grambsch PM, Therneau TM. Proportional hazards tests and diagnostics based on weighted residuals. Biometrika. 1994;81:515\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/biomet\/81.3.515.","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"5788_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marandino L, Capozza A, Bandini M, et al. Incidence and clinical impact of inflammatory fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography uptake after neoadjuvant pembrolizumab in patients with organ-confined bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy. Eur Urol Focus. Published Online First: 7 November 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.euf.2020.10.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2020.10.003"},{"issue":"96","key":"5788_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2018.03.006","volume":"2018","author":"A Mekki","year":"1990","unstructured":"Mekki A, Dercle L, Lichtenstein P, et al. Detection of immune-related adverse events by medical imaging in patients treated with anti-programmed cell death 1. Eur J Cancer Oxf Engl. 1990;2018(96):91\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2018.03.006.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Oxf Engl."},{"key":"5788_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xu C, Chen Y-P, Du X-J, et al. Comparative safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2018: k4226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.k4226","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k4226"},{"key":"5788_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-019-0218-0","volume":"16","author":"F Martins","year":"2019","unstructured":"Martins F, Sofiya L, Sykiotis GP, et al. Adverse effects of immune-checkpoint inhibitors: epidemiology, management and surveillance. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2019;16:563\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41571-019-0218-0.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5788_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1412082","volume":"372","author":"C Robert","year":"2015","unstructured":"Robert C, Long GV, Brady B, et al. Nivolumab in previously untreated melanoma without BRAF mutation. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:320\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1412082.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"5788_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23177","volume":"69","author":"LC Cappelli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cappelli LC, Gutierrez AK, Bingham CO, et al. Rheumatic and musculoskeletal immune-related adverse events due to immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review of the literature. Arthritis Care Res. 2017;69:1751\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.23177.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"5788_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.03.017","volume":"132","author":"D Maillet","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maillet D, Corbaux P, Stelmes J-J, et al. Association between immune-related adverse events and long-term survival outcomes in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Eur J Cancer Oxf Engl 1990. 2020;132:61\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.03.017.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Oxf Engl 1990."},{"key":"5788_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cllc.2018.10.002","volume":"20","author":"M Grangeon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Grangeon M, Tomasini P, Chaleat S, et al. Association between immune-related adverse events and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer. Clin Lung Cancer. 2019;20:201\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cllc.2018.10.002.","journal-title":"Clin Lung Cancer."},{"key":"5788_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2017-0384","volume":"23","author":"Y Toi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Toi Y, Sugawara S, Kawashima Y, et al. Association of immune-related adverse events with clinical benefit in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with nivolumab. Oncologist. 2018;23:1358\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1634\/theoncologist.2017-0384.","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"5788_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-018-2805-3","volume":"145","author":"B Ricciuti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ricciuti B, Genova C, De Giglio A, et al. Impact of immune-related adverse events on survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with nivolumab: long-term outcomes from a multi-institutional analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2019;145:479\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00432-018-2805-3.","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5788_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2017.11.019","volume":"115","author":"K Sato","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sato K, Akamatsu H, Murakami E, et al. Correlation between immune-related adverse events and efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer treated with nivolumab. Lung Cancer. 2018;115:71\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lungcan.2017.11.019.","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"5788_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sachpekidis C, Kopp-Schneider A, Pan L, et al. Interim [18F]FDG PET\/CT can predict response to anti-PD-1 treatment in metastatic melanoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging Published Online First: 18 December 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-020-05137-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-020-05137-7"},{"key":"5788_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566297","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.566297","volume":"10","author":"O Humbert","year":"2020","unstructured":"Humbert O, Chardin D. Dissociated response in metastatic cancer: an atypical pattern brought into the spotlight with immunotherapy. Front Oncol. 2020;10:566297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2020.566297.","journal-title":"Front Oncol."},{"key":"5788_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2020.101703","volume":"48\u201349","author":"VTF Cheung","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheung VTF, Brain O. Immunotherapy induced enterocolitis and gastritis \u2013 what to do and when? Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2020;48\u201349:101703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpg.2020.101703.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol."},{"key":"5788_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2017.04.033","volume":"86","author":"M Kobayashi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kobayashi M, Yamaguchi O, Nagata K, et al. Acute hemorrhagic gastritis after nivolumab treatment. Gastrointest Endosc. 2017;86:915\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gie.2017.04.033.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc."},{"key":"5788_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e57","DOI":"10.14309\/crj.2017.57","volume":"4","author":"J Boike","year":"2017","unstructured":"Boike J, Dejulio T. Severe esophagitis and gastritis from nivolumab therapy. ACG Case Rep J. 2017;4:e57. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14309\/crj.2017.57.","journal-title":"ACG Case Rep J."},{"key":"5788_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A147","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-BSGAbstracts.277","volume":"68","author":"V Cheung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cheung V, Gupta T, Ye W, et al. PTU-061 Immunotherapy-related gastritis in a tertiary oncology centre. Gut. 2019;68:A147\u2013A147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-BSGAbstracts.277.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"5788_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20190832","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20190832","volume":"93","author":"N Gandy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gandy N, Arshad MA, Wallitt KL, et al. Immunotherapy-related adverse effects on 18F-FDG PET\/CT imaging. Br J Radiol. 2020;93:20190832. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1259\/bjr.20190832.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol."},{"key":"5788_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153473541984637","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735419846379","volume":"18","author":"AE Frankel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Frankel AE, Deshmukh S, Reddy A, et al. Cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and the gut microbiota. Integr Cancer Ther. 2019;18:1534735419846379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1534735419846379.","journal-title":"Integr Cancer Ther."},{"key":"5788_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx108","volume":"28","author":"N Chaput","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chaput N, Lepage P, Coutzac C, et al. Baseline gut microbiota predicts clinical response and colitis in metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab. Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol. 2017;28:1368\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdx108.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol."},{"key":"5788_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan4236","volume":"359","author":"V Gopalakrishnan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gopalakrishnan V, Spencer CN, Nezi L, et al. Gut microbiome modulates response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma patients. Science. 2018;359:97\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aan4236.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"5788_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8111827","volume":"8","author":"L Conti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Conti L, Annibale B, Lahner E. Autoimmune gastritis and gastric microbiota. Microorganisms. 2020;8:1827. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms8111827.","journal-title":"Microorganisms."},{"key":"5788_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Holokai L, Chakrabarti J, Broda T, et al. Increased programmed death-ligand 1 is an early epithelial cell response to Helicobacter pylori infection. PLoS Pathog. 2019;15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007468","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007468"},{"key":"5788_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2020.01.006","volume":"31","author":"M Chalabi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chalabi M, Cardona A, Nagarkar DR, et al. Efficacy of chemotherapy and atezolizumab in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer receiving antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors: pooled post hoc analyses of the OAK and POPLAR trials. Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol. 2020;31:525\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annonc.2020.01.006.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol."},{"key":"5788_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2946","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2019.9899","volume":"17","author":"T Hakozaki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hakozaki T, Okuma Y, Omori M, et al. Impact of prior antibiotic use on the efficacy of nivolumab for non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett. 2019;17:2946\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2019.9899.","journal-title":"Oncol Lett."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00259-022-05788-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00259-022-05788-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00259-022-05788-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T07:13:21Z","timestamp":1661238801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00259-022-05788-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["5788"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-022-05788-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1619-7070","1619-7089"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1619-7070","type":"print"},{"value":"1619-7089","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 December 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 March 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 May 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"We analyzed data of two independent cohorts prospectively started in this setting in Nice (France) and Genova (Italy). Both studies were approved by the concerned ethics committee and regulatory agencies (Genova cohort: NCT02475382; Nice cohort: n\u00b0ID-RCB:2018-A02116-49\/ID-RCB:2018-A00915-50). The present retrospective ancillary study was approved by the French INDS (National Health Data Institute): MR 2610080620.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for publication of the images in Figs.\u00a0, , and .","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}