{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:13:46Z","timestamp":1783487626951,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Aim of this study was to investigate a dose-response relationship, dose-toxicity relationship, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in neuroendocrine tumour liver metastases (NELM) treated with holmium-166-microspheres radioembolization ([<jats:sup>166<\/jats:sup>Ho]-radioembolization).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Single center, retrospective study included patients with NELM that received [<jats:sup>166<\/jats:sup>Ho]-radioembolization with post-treatment SPECT\/CT and CECT or MRI imaging for 3\u00a0months follow-up. Post-treatment SPECT\/CT was used to calculate tumour (D<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub>) and whole liver healthy tissue (D<jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>) absorbed dose. Clinical and laboratory toxicity was graded by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), version 5 at baseline and three-months follow-up. Response was determined according to RECIST 1.1.\u00a0The tumour and healthy doses was correlated to lesion-based objective response and patient-based toxicity. Kaplan Meier analyses were performed for progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Twenty-seven treatments in 25 patients were included, with a total of 114 tumours. Median follow-up was 14\u00a0months (3 \u2013 82\u00a0months). Mean D<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub> in non-responders was 68\u00a0Gy versus 118\u00a0Gy in responders, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01. ROC analysis determined 86\u00a0Gy to have the highest sensitivity and specificity, resp. 83% and 81%. Achieving a D<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub> of\u2009\u2265\u2009120\u00a0Gy provided the highest likelihood of response (90%) for obtaining response. Sixteen patients had grade 1\u20132 clinical toxicity and only one patient grade 3. No clear healthy liver dose-toxicity relationship was found. The median PFS was 15\u00a0months (95% CI [10.2;19.8]) and median OS was not reached.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study confirms the safety and efficacy of [<jats:sup>166<\/jats:sup>Ho]-radioembolization in NELM in a real-world setting. A clear dose\u2013response relationship was demonstrated and future studies should aim at a D<jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub> of\u2009\u2265\u2009120\u00a0Gy, being predictive of response. No dose-toxicity relationship could be established.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-024-06645-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T03:02:27Z","timestamp":1708311747000},"page":"2114-2123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Dose\u2013effect relationships in neuroendocrine tumour liver metastases treated with [166Ho]-radioembolization"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4600-4301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Ramdhani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Beijer-Verduin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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MGEHL has acted as a consultant for Boston Scientific and Terumo, and receives research support from Novartis, Boston Scientific and Terumo, AJATB has acted as consultant for Boston Scientific, GE Healthcare and Terumo, and receives research support from Ariceum Therapeutics. The UMC Utrecht receives research support and royalties from Terumo and Quiremspheres.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Need for informed consent was waived by the institutional medical ethics committee for this retrospective cohort study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}